Cabbage is considered to be one of the oldest cultivated crops. Today it is represented by about ten varieties, and those, in turn, consist of varieties different terms maturation. cold hardiness, high productivity, wide application in cooking and “compliance” are the reason why cabbage, in terms of its importance, is on a par with potatoes and tomatoes. However, it is worth noting that some gardeners do not adhere to the timing of planting this crop at all, but prefer to plant everything at once.
But it is early cabbage that gives us the opportunity to receive vitamins and microelements already in the middle of summer. And if you grow it seedling way, then the maturation period due to this will come even faster.
Hardly an advantage early varieties can be considered a high yield, and storage in winter period in this case out of the question. But in almost every garden you can find a small piece of land allocated for several early heads of cabbage. After all, no one can refuse the pleasure of trying the first salad in the middle of summer.
The most common varieties that ripen in 100-120 days include:
If you grow them through seedlings, then you can bring the ripening time closer by a few more weeks, and therefore most gardeners prefer the seedling method.
In fact, all varieties of cabbage are grown using seedlings using the same technology, and the differences may lie only in unimportant nuances. But regardless of whether the varieties are early or late, the work begins with the preparation of the seeds: they need to be sorted, then pickled, that is, soaked in hot water for about twenty minutes, then another two in cold water. At the end, the seeds should be thoroughly dried.
Important information! Only seeds of “own” production need dressing, while grains purchased in a store do not need to be prepared, because the manufacturer himself has already done this.
If we talk about the differences between cabbage varieties, then we should not forget that seeds should be sown only taking into account the climatic characteristics of the region and individual characteristics specific type culture. Sowing seeds must be done for a certain period of time, after which the seedlings can be transplanted into open ground. Thus, the timing of sowing will look something like this.
Table. How many days before transplanting do you need to plant cabbage
| Name of varieties | Transplant time (in days) |
|---|---|
| 45 to 60 |
| 30 to 35 |
| 30 to 50 |
| 35 to 45 |
| 45 to 50 days |
Based on this information, it is possible to determine the approximate timing of sowing planting material.
Now, having familiarized yourself with the theory, you can start practicing, that is, planting cabbage for seedlings.
Regardless of the type of cabbage chosen and the specific timing of sowing, you must take the time to pre-prepare the soil. It is important that the soil is loose and moisture-permeable, so make sure that it contains sand, soddy soil and peat.
In addition, decide in advance whether you will resort to picking or try to avoid an event so traumatic for the root system of young seedlings. It is worth noting that the technology of both methods is almost the same, and the differences are only in minor nuances.
The algorithm of actions in this case should look something like this.
Step one. Take a large deep box and fill it with pre-prepared soil mixture. Carefully level the surface of the soil, then water it.
Step two. Make shallow furrows. Place seeds in these furrows early cabbage, while maintaining a step between them of about one to two centimeters.
Step three. Powder planting material a small amount soil, then lightly tamp it down. Place the box on sunny window sill, try to keep the temperature in the room within 18-20 degrees.
Step Four. When the first shoots erupt (and this usually happens about five days after sowing), lower the temperature to 8-9 degrees.
Step five. After another two weeks, dive the seedlings into small individual containers measuring about 7x7 centimeters. Remove the seedlings along with the soil, while trying not to damage the young roots.
Step Six. For several days, keep the seedlings at a temperature of about 17-18 degrees, then you can reduce this figure to 10-12 (at night) and 13-14 degrees (during the day).
Important information! Do not forget that cabbage seedlings are extremely demanding on lighting, so caring for them should include, among other things, additional lighting. In open soil, additional lighting is not required, which makes the task much easier.
In fact, there are no significant features in terms of sowing or conditions, since all this is identical to the previous method. The only difference is that seedling containers with cassettes should be used as containers for planting, or, alternatively, peat / coconut tablets, inside which seeds will be sown.
In the absence of such a container, a simple box is quite suitable, which will need to be divided inside into “compartments” using any partitions.
And in the process of caring for seedlings of early cabbage, you should:
Any experienced gardener he will say that it is possible to grow this crop in one place for a maximum of two or three years, after which the site should “rest” for about five years.
If speak about predecessors of cabbage then the best ones are:
Choose a well-lit garden area for planting. Do not forget that the plant responds well to organic type dressings - add them to spring time, and also in the first year (if we are talking about early species) or in the second (if about late).
The planting scheme itself depends on the particular variety and should look something like this.
After the "moving" of plants to the garden, care for them, of course, will not end. You must continue to periodically water the cabbage, loosen the soil and fertilize in a timely manner.
Water seedlings with special care immediately after transplanting. The interval between watering should average two or three days. Bring in approximately eight liters of water for each square meter beds. In the future, water not so often, but more abundantly.
Try to loosen after each rain, but do not do it too deep - no more than six to eight centimeters. The fact is that the root system of cabbage is located superficially.
Three days after transplantation, hill seedlings, then repeat this procedure every eight to ten days.
The first thing you should do is to increase the green mass. In this regard, three weeks after transplantation, start fertilizing. In general, for the entire time of development, top dressing should be applied no more than three to four times.
Auspicious days for sowing cabbage Lunar calendar gardener and gardener for sowing seedlings and in the ground: 2, 11–16, 20–21 February; 4, 9–16, 20–22, 30–31 March; 1, 8–9, 12–13, 19–21 April; 9–11, 16–20 May; 6–7, June 20–21.
Cabbage is one of the most popular garden crops that can be grown almost everywhere, except for the desert and the Far North. Most often, cabbage is grown in seedlings, especially early varieties of white cabbage, but some types and varieties can be sown directly into the ground.
Sowing dates different types cabbage for seedlings and in the ground for middle lane Russia and Moscow region:
In the Urals and Siberia the timing of sowing cabbage for seedlings is slightly shifted: for early varieties of white cabbage - April 10-15, and for medium and late varieties - the end of April.
South of Russia and Ukraine the dates for sowing cabbage, on the contrary, are shifted to February: it is possible to sow early varieties of cabbage in early February, and ready seedlings of cabbage are planted in the ground as early as April.
Sowing cauliflower seedlings
Early cauliflower can be sown already in mid - late March. cauliflower to obtain permanent production, you can sow in several stages:
The age of cabbage seedlings from sowing seeds to planting in open ground should be:
The date of sowing cabbage is easy to calculate. It takes 8-10 days from sowing to seedlings of white cabbage seeds. Another 45–55 days pass from germination to planting cabbage seedlings in the ground. If you do not have the opportunity to keep seedlings of cabbage on a glazed loggia or in a greenhouse at a temperature of +15 ... + 17 ° C, then you will have to grow seedlings at more high temperature in room conditions. Then postpone the sowing of early cabbage for 2 weeks, at the beginning of April.
With an increase in daylight hours, cabbage seedlings stretch and turn yellow less, even with an excess of heat, you are more likely to get good seedlings. Seedlings ready for planting should have a well-developed root system and at least 4-5 true leaves.
Auspicious days for sowing cabbage according to the Lunar calendar of the gardener and gardener in 2016
When to plant seedlings of cabbage in the ground
The best predecessors for cabbage are cucumbers, potatoes, onions, garlic. It is preferable to plant cabbage after carrots, beans and other legumes, but these crops are usually grown without organic fertilizers, so the soil needs to be filled with organic matter. You can not grow cabbage after radish, radish, arugula and other cruciferous. It is returned to its original place no earlier than after 3 years. 20 days after planting, the plants need to be spudded and fed. Can be used for feeding mineral fertilizers for vegetables, but cabbage prefers organic ones: mullein infusion, nettle or liquid organomineral complexes with humates.
Favorable days for caring for seedlings of cabbage according to Lunar sowing calendar gardener 2016
Sowing cabbage in open ground according to the lunar sowing calendar
If necessary, cabbage can be sown directly into the ground. True, this is possible only for early varieties of white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi and Chinese cabbage.
If at the beginning of April the bed is covered with a film, then by mid-April the soil will warm up enough to sow cabbage under the film. And from May you can sow in open ground.
Chinese cabbage and kohlrabi are sown until the end of July.
Folk signs and secrets of the Lunar seed calendar
An interesting point: in addition to the Lunar calendar, our ancestors also took into account the days of the week! According to their observations, one should not plant and sow on Fridays, it is undesirable on Wednesdays. On Thursdays, you should refrain from picking cabbage and planting seedlings in open ground.
Favorable days for sowing cucumbers according to the Lunar calendar of 2016: 4, 9–13, 16–17, 20–22, 30–31 March; 8–9, 12–13, 19–21 April; 9-11, 14 (from 10 to 13), 15 (after 15), 16-21 May; June 6–7, 10–14.
When to sow cucumbers according to the Lunar sowing calendar of the gardener and gardener in 2016?
Cucumbers are plants native to the tropics, so they love warmth. Seedlings of cucumbers can be planted in the soil with a temperature not lower than + 15 ° C. Without measuring the temperature of the soil, the time of planting cucumbers can be determined by folk omens or other signs - when the air temperature at night does not drop below + 10 ° C during the week, or when dandelions bloom en masse.
Planting dates for cucumbers in the middle lane
In Moscow and the Moscow region, cucumbers are sown with germinated seeds in glass and film greenhouses in mid-May, under temporary film shelters - at the end of May, in open ground - until June 5. Ready seedlings in open ground can be planted after June 10. Or in the same period, film shelters are removed. Unfortunately, in the middle lane, cold weather can drag on until mid-June. Considering general recommendations Still, it's best to keep an eye on the weather.
Optimal planting dates for cucumbers in the Leningrad Region: sowing for seedlings - the end of April-the first days of May, seedlings are planted in an unheated film or glass greenhouse on May 20-25, cucumbers are planted under film tunnel shelters on May 20-25. You can remove film shelters from cucumber plantations on June 10-15.
Sowing seeds of cucumbers for seedlings and in the ground
How to calculate correct term planting cucumbers? The optimal age of seedlings is 25-30 days. Quality seedlings should be at least 30 cm high, with 3 to 4 leaves. To calculate the time of the beginning of fruiting, it is necessary to take into account the early ripening of the variety. By early maturity, all varieties and hybrids of cucumbers are divided into:
Planting cucumbers in the Middle Urals
The favorable period for the growth and fruiting of cucumbers in the Urals, where the climate is harsh and rather cold, is very limited: frosts can be until the first decade of June, and sometimes until the end of the second decade of June, and already in the third decade of August they begin again. Therefore, in the northern regions, cucumbers are grown mainly in greenhouses and very often through seedlings. Seedlings are planted no earlier than the third decade of May. To quickly warm the soil in the beds, you can use the following method: immediately after the snow melts, the beds shed warm water and cover with a film or lutrasil.
Cucumber seedlings are planted in the Urals: May 20 in film greenhouses without biofuel, May 1 in film greenhouses with manure. Cucumbers can be sown in open ground in the 20th of May in the presence of shelter. Cucumbers are planted in the ground until June 10. In the same period, you can plant zucchini and pumpkins. Early ripe varieties of cucumbers (38-45 days after germination) can be planted in three terms: the first sowing on May 20, the second - on June 1-5 and the last sowing - on June 15. This will help stretch the fruiting period of cucumbers until September.
In the Urals and Siberia for planting cucumbers, it is better to select hybrids with increased resistance to adverse weather factors and diseases. Most productive under conditions Far East are mid-early and mid-season varieties cucumbers, for example Far East–27 or Erofei selection of the Far Eastern Research Institute Agriculture. Additionally, to increase the resistance of plants, it is useful to carry out seedbed preparation seeds - hardening.
In the southern regions of Russia and Ukraine cucumber seeds are sown directly in open ground from mid-April to early May. Optimal time for sowing seedlings - last days Martha.
AT Rostov region cucumber seeds can be sown in open ground as early as the end of April. In the same period, seedlings can be planted. When sowing cucumbers for seedlings, keep in mind that they do not tolerate transplanting well: it is better to sow cucumbers in separate peat pots.
Planting and harvesting cucumbers folk calendar
May 19 (May 6, old style) - Job Goroshnik- the first cucumber day of the year. On this day, cucumbers are planted in the beds: “If there is a lot of dew on Job, the day is clear, and the night is warm, it will be big harvest and if the night is cold, it will not be a cucumber year.
May 27 (May 14, old style) - Sidor-borage or Sidor-Bokogrey: "If the day is clear on Sidor, expect a good harvest of cucumbers. If the weather is cold, then the whole summer is expected to be cold."
June 1 (May 19, old style) Ivan Dolgiy. P continue to plant cucumbers. If on Ivan long walks rain, then the whole month promises to be dry.
June 2 (May 20, old style) Falaley the borage or Timofey Gryadochnik. Continue planting cucumbers in the beds. But in the Northern regions, cucumbers are just beginning to be planted on Timofey: “Timofey came - this cucumber is faster.” There is also a sign: if it rained on the first two days of June, the whole month will be dry.
June 5 (May 23, old style) Levon Ogorechnik, Levon Konoplyanik - deadline for planting cucumbers. On Levon (Leontia) it was customary to plant cucumbers for pickling, because cucumbers planted during this period, according to popular beliefs, are the most crispy, strong and sweet. There is an interesting cucumber sign: the first row of cucumbers must be sown secretly, then the harvest will be great!
August 17 (August 4, old style) - Avdotya Malinovka, Cucumber, Senognoyka. By this time, the last harvest was ripening in the beds. Now, in the presence of greenhouses and tunnel shelters cucumber season can be extended until September.
The time for sowing seeds of various seedlings is approaching. The beloved cauliflower is no exception. After all, this vegetable surpasses many cultures in its usefulness. But before you start growing this plant, you should get a little familiar with its requirements for yourself.
For example, as you know, there are many types of this culture. There are early varieties, there are late ones, and so on. Therefore, the harvest depends on when the seeds are sown. When to plant cauliflower for seedlings in 2016 in the Moscow region or another region largely depends on the climate there. After all, often in places with warm weather conditions sowing starts much earlier.
Many people, especially those who are planting seedlings for the first time, are interested in when to plant cauliflower for seedlings in 2016 according to the lunar calendar. So, early-ripening varieties of cabbage begin to be sown from mid-March. Of course, it is necessary to know that a new moon or a full moon is considered bad times for landing. Experienced gardeners they always try to sow on the growing moon, because then the seeds germinate well and quickly, and the seedlings are strong.
The beginning of April is considered a favorable time for planting medium-ripe varieties of cauliflower. Toward the end of April, late varieties are planted. But for the ripening of good seedlings, it is not enough to pick up only auspicious date. It is necessary to choose the right variety and give it to seedlings good care.
When or when to plant cauliflower for seedlings in 2016 and how to properly care for them worries many gardeners, since only with proper care can be grown good harvest. So, this culture can be divided into three main varieties, namely:
- early;
- medium - ripe;
- late.
So, first you need to choose the right seeds. Therefore, you should pay attention to the climate of the region and that it is suitable for growing this crop. Next, focus on possible diseases plants. When buying seeds in a store, consider the expiration date of the crop and the number of seeds.
Then, when planting seeds, it is necessary to carry out their processing. To do this, it is best to use a weak solution of potassium permanganate, which is able to disinfect the culture and strengthen its resistance to certain diseases. In this solution, the seeds should be kept for at least half an hour.
Then the seeds are ready for sowing. Take any containers that can be plastic, wooden, and so on. Fertilized soil is poured there, which also needs to be shed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Next, grooves of the required size and length are made and the treated seeds are sown. If the seeds are germinated, so much the better, because they will germinate faster.
It should be noted that it is not necessary to heavily sprinkle the sown seeds with earth. Because in the end they just might die. Just as carefully as possible, watering should be carried out so as not to wash the seeds to the surface. It is best to water with settled warm water.
After the seedlings have sprouted and given a few leaves, it must be pruned. Do this to improve plant growth. Indeed, in the box, the sprouts become crowded, the roots huddle together. Don't let the seedlings outgrow, because then it will be much more difficult to dive, as the root system will intertwine, and it will be much more difficult to separate the sprouts.
A photo
Many people grow cabbage. This vegetable is very useful. It is very widely used in cooking and harvested for the winter. Cabbage is a fairly late vegetable, so it is grown through seedlings. Many ask - When to plant cabbage for seedlings And how do you set the right timing? Correctly determining the planting time is one of the factors for a good harvest.
From this article you will learn when to plant cabbage for seedlings. Rules for determining the timing of sowing seeds suitable for the climate zone central Russia, for areas such as:
The lunar calendar will help in determining the timing of sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings.
The timing of sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings depends on the precocity of the variety. Early ripe varieties, which ripen already in July, it is recommended to plant in late February - early March. According to the lunar calendar auspicious days for planting early varieties in 2016 will be:
Mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties should be planted for seedlings at the end of March. For more accurate calculations, it must be remembered that cabbage seedlings should be planted 50-60 days before planting in open ground. According to the lunar calendar 2016, favorable days for planting mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties cabbage for seedlings will be:
Seed germination, seedling health and future harvest depend on proper agricultural technology. The technique for planting cabbage seeds is very simple. Before this, you need to prepare the seeds. Select the largest of them. For 20 minutes, the selected seeds are placed in hot water temperature 40-50 degrees.
Sowing is done in special boxes. Drainage 1 cm thick is poured to the bottom, and earth is covered from above. Do not cover the seeds deeper than 1 centimeter.
After planting, be sure to water well, just be careful not to wash off the seeds. An ordinary household bullet gun is best suited for this purpose. After that, cover the box with foil to create a humid microclimate.
If you did everything correctly, then shoots will appear quickly enough - for 3-5 days. Put the seedlings in a warm, bright place. Do not forget about watering - cabbage loves moisture, but do not overdo it.
As soon as the first true leaf appears, the seedlings will need to be picked out. The distance between plants should be at least 6 centimeters.
A week and a half after picking, the containers with seedlings should be taken out to the greenhouse. At this point, it is advisable to fertilize the seedlings with manure or chicken manure. The temperature in the greenhouse should be + 14-18 degrees during the day and + 8-10 degrees at night
In May, seedlings can be planted in open ground on permanent place. You need to do this making sure that the weather in the coming days will be good.
Auspicious days for sowing cabbage according to the Lunar calendar of the gardener and gardener for sowing seedlings and in the ground: February 2, 11–16, February 20-21; 4, 9–16, 20–22, 30–31 March; April 1, 8–9, 12–13, April 19–21; 9–11, 16–20 May; June 6–7, June 20-21.
Cabbage is one of the most popular garden crops that can be grown almost everywhere, except for the desert and the Far North. Most often, cabbage is grown in seedlings, especially early varieties of white cabbage, but some types and varieties can be sown directly into the ground.
The timing of sowing different types of cabbage for seedlings and in the ground for central Russia and the Moscow region:
white and red cabbage- for hybrids and early varieties - March 10-25, for middle and late varieties - April 10-30;
broccoli- can be sown from mid-March to the end of May, with an interval of 10–20 days;
cauliflower- mid-March - end of May, with an interval of 10-20 days;
Brussels sprouts- from the middle to the end of April;
savoy cabbage- for early-ripening varieties - from March 10 to 30, mid-season - from March 15 to April 15, late-ripening - from April 1 to April 15.
In the Urals and Siberia the timing of sowing cabbage for seedlings is slightly shifted: for early varieties of white cabbage - April 10-15, and for medium and late varieties - the end of April.
South of Russia and Ukraine the dates for sowing cabbage, on the contrary, are shifted to February: it is possible to sow early varieties of cabbage in early February, and ready seedlings of cabbage are planted in the ground as early as April.
Early cauliflower can be sown already in mid - late March. Cauliflower for obtaining permanent production can be sown in several stages:
The age of cabbage seedlings from sowing seeds to planting in open ground should be:
The date of sowing cabbage is easy to calculate. It takes 8-10 days from sowing to seedlings of white cabbage seeds. Another 45–55 days pass from germination to planting cabbage seedlings in the ground. If you do not have the opportunity to keep seedlings of cabbage on a glazed loggia or in a greenhouse at a temperature of + 15 ... + 17 ° C, then you will have to grow seedlings at a higher temperature in room conditions. Then postpone the sowing of early cabbage for 2 weeks, at the beginning of April.
With an increase in daylight hours, cabbage seedlings are less stretched and turn yellow, even with an excess of heat, you are more likely to get good seedlings. Seedlings ready for planting should have a well-developed root system and at least 4-5 true leaves.
Auspicious days for sowing cabbage according to the Lunar calendar of the gardener and gardener in 2016
The best predecessors for cabbage are cucumbers, potatoes, onions, garlic. It is preferable to plant cabbage after carrots, beans and other legumes, but usually these crops are grown without organic fertilizer, so the soil must be filled with organic matter. You can not grow cabbage after radish, radish, arugula and other cruciferous. It is returned to its original place no earlier than after 3 years. 20 days after planting, the plants need to be spudded and fed. You can use mineral fertilizers for vegetables for feeding, but cabbage prefers organic ones: infusion of mullein, nettle or liquid organomineral complexes with humates. 
Auspicious days for caring for cabbage seedlings according to the gardener's lunar sowing calendar 2016
If necessary, cabbage can be sown directly into the ground. True, this is possible only for early varieties of white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi and Chinese cabbage.
If at the beginning of April the bed is covered with a film, then by mid-April the soil will warm up enough to sow cabbage under the film. And from May you can sow in open ground.
Beijing cabbage and kohlrabi are sown until the end of July.
An interesting point: in addition to the Lunar calendar, our ancestors also took into account the days of the week! According to their observations, one should not plant and sow on Fridays, it is undesirable on Wednesdays. On Thursdays, you should refrain from picking cabbage and planting seedlings in open ground.
