The box beam, with which the opening is framed, is one of the components of the door. It is clear that when the frame of the canvas is aluminum, steel or plastic, then the box is made of the same materials.
Concerning interior options, then the box for sliding doors, as well as for swinging and swinging canvases, can be made not only from solid wood, but also from various artificially created materials. We will talk further about what types of interior door frames there are, and the video in this article will serve as a visual aid to the presented material.
Everyone knows that the highest value doors are made of solid wood. It is clear that exotic goods brought from the tropics become more expensive due to delivery, although their quality is also excellent. But what about the inexpensive wood that grows in our latitudes: spruce, pine, linden, birch?
In nature, it is not very often found without any defects. Hence high price“extra” grade array, which has the necessary quality and appearance. The price of the product depends not only on the grade, but also on the degree of value of the breed.
Traditionally for the production of high quality elite doors, beech, oak, ash are used. Species with reddish hues are also held in high esteem: cherry, walnut, alder, eucalyptus, which are usually called “mahogany.”
The larger the timber, the greater the likelihood of it having natural defects. Therefore, interior door frames are often made from spliced timber.
Note! To make it, the boards are cut into small-section bars and defective areas are removed. First, they glue together under pressure side faces, receiving short fragments. Then their ends are studded and glued along their length. The result is the strongest laminated veneer lumber without any defects in the mass.
Glued slabs are also produced using the same technology ( furniture panels), from which the door trim elements are cut out and panels are made. For the manufacture of elements panel doors, use cheaper wood boards.
For gluing them, defective wood is also used, since the slab is lined with hard fiberboard or plywood on both sides.
If the spliced timber and slabs are, although not integral in mass, still natural wood, then materials made from wood flour, sawdust and wood chips can be largely classified as composites.
These are medium and high density boards, abbreviated as MDF and HDF. They have a fairly large range of sizes, including thickness, which makes it possible to produce absolutely any parts of door leaves and frames.
So:
So, when choosing an option for your home, do not forget about the advantages of this material. The main one is stability with respect to changes in temperature indoors or outdoors, due to which both individual door parts and the fasteners installed on them are held more reliably than on solid wood.
A composite is a tandem of two or more types of raw materials or materials that can be mixed in bulk, like MDF, or have a layer-by-layer structure. The name “sandwich” is firmly attached to the last option, due to the great similarity with the “masterpiece” of the food industry of the same name.
Note! The surfaces of door elements made from composite materials, veneer artificial veneer, which perfectly imitates the natural texture of wood. It is a high-strength plastic (CPL), which manufacturers call eco-veneer.
The composites themselves can consist of different layers: including interlayers made of inexpensive solid wood, plywood, or the same MDF - which is what we see in the photo below.
So:
Eco-veneer coating makes these parts not only very aesthetically pleasing, but also protects them from accidental mechanical damage, to which solid wood carpentry is especially susceptible.
We discussed what door frames are made of. Further instructions concerns design features box timber, its dimensions and installation. Like any molded product, it has three main parameters. What are they justified by?
In cross-section, this is the width, which is tied to the thickness of the wall or partition, will provide the product with the necessary bearing capacity. For standard interior doors, these dimensions are 30*70 mm and 35*75 mm.
If you look carefully at the drawings given in the 1988 standard No. 6629, you will see that the width of the door leaf is everywhere 70 mm less than the opening. If the door is double-leaf, this difference is 72 mm.
So:
The length of the stands, of which there are two in the set, corresponds with a small margin standard height opening (2080 or 2150 mm). The length of the cross member is usually exactly half the length of the box post. If the door is one-and-a-half or two-leaf, you can simply buy three posts.
In its shape, the cross-section of a traditional box beam resembles the letter “L”. The only difference is that its protruding part can have a simple geometric contour, or be profiled.
Boxes intended for installation of a conventional platband do not have longitudinal grooves on the side edges. But there are options designed for the installation of telescopic platbands, the shelves of which are inserted into grooves on the box.
All these options are presented in the examples below:
The box beam intended for... has a slightly different configuration. It is also telescopic, but has a different thickness and width, since each stand here is mounted from two beams connected by an additional strip with sealing strips glued to it.
Frame for sliding doors
The bar is placed on one side only. On the other hand, the beams are not connected to each other at all, since the doors must fit into the internal cavity of the partition. Instead of adding, it is inserted into the internal grooves brush seal. What this whole structure looks like can be clearly seen in the picture above.
AND last option– a new product on the carpentry market. This is a box beam that is mounted into a cavity in the wall, and allows you to install the door flush with its surface. In this case, there is no need to frame the opening with platbands, since no joints will be visible. Thus, by designing the door in the same style as the wall, it can be made almost invisible.
You can see for yourself - only a small gap in the vestibule, yes door knob indicate the presence of an opening. On such a box, the canvas is hung only on. Typically, such doors are sold complete with fittings and a frame, which consists of wooden block and profile aluminum trim.
Manufacturers often take care of the consumer by applying notches and notches to the door leaves, making it as easy as possible to assemble with your own hands, and with a minimum set of tools. This is all the more convenient, since these doors are usually equipped with fittings.
However, each medal also has back side. You may not be satisfied with the hinges offered by the manufacturer, and you won’t be able to install others there - so, when buying doors, you need to pay attention to these nuances.
By the way, the diagram above clearly shows at which points door hinges need to be installed. On it you can see where and what gaps should be provided when installing the door block.
The box can be assembled in two ways:
To correctly cut out the parts of the box, you first need to accurately determine the installation diagram. The second option is easier to implement, since there is no need to cut tongues and grooves at the ends of the parts.
The block elements are secured to the ends of the opening using dowels or anchors - they are recessed into the mounting holes and covered with decorative plugs. When the door frame is securely fixed, the gaps between it and the wall are filled polyurethane foam, and with outside hide them by installing platbands.
20119 10/06/2019 5 min.When carrying out repairs, you should not forget about changing entrance and interior doors if they have already served their purpose or have lost their presentable appearance. An important criterion, affecting performance characteristics doors are correctly selected measurements of door frames. The more accurately the dimensions are set, the longer the door will last, be it an entrance or an interior door. There are established standard sizes that should also be taken into account when repairing.
Dimensions entrance doors you need to shoot correctly, first you need to figure out what elements it consists of:
Before you buy an entrance, you need not only to measure the dimensions of the opening, but also to establish, using calculations, the exact dimensions of the purchased product.
You need to measure width, depth and height. Check their compliance with the standard sizes adopted by GOST.
It is necessary to establish the distance of the narrowest part of the doorway, measuring it from one wall to the second. Usually the wall tapers where the door is located, but if it is the same throughout the opening, then the size can be measured anywhere.
If not already dismantled old door, but you need to order a new one, then the distance is measured from the middle of the trim.
To measure the height of the opening, you need to find the lowest point of the opening and from it measure the distance to its upper part. In this case, measurements should be taken at the place of narrowing; if this is not observed, then measurements can be taken along the entire perimeter of the opening.
If you have an old copy, simply measure its canvas, or the distance from the middle part of the upper casing to the floor.
The standard door height is 200 cm, but sometimes a larger size is allowed. Some manufacturers can produce products with sizes ranging from 2.1 to 2.3 m.
After installing the door leaf, you may need.
Its measurement must be carried out at three points located above, below and in the middle. This is necessary to set the widest point.
Read also about how to install interior doors yourself.
If there is still an old door in the opening, then it is necessary to measure the size of the frame and the distance at which the wall protrudes from it. Table:
Standard sizes are made within 60, 70 and 80 mm.
When choosing a box, you need to take into account the gaps: on the upper side and in width it should exceed the received size by 3 mm, its lower part should be increased by 10 mm.
When installing the box, you should take into account the gaps around the perimeter of the box between it and the wall; they are 1-1.5 mm, therefore the entrance opening is assumed to be 2 mm larger.
The height of the door is determined based on the fact that its standard size is 200 cm, to which you need to add the size of the top beam of the frame, which is 25 mm and the gaps: top - 3 mm, and bottom - 10 mm.
You can also find out about the types of locks for aluminum doors.
For balcony openings depend on the type of building. For small apartments its width is 68 cm. You can make the width smaller, but it must be at least 61 cm, otherwise it will be difficult to get onto the balcony.
Their elements are made of pine boards or timber, and on top it is decorated with veneer of trees of more valuable species. 
IN standard apartments built in Soviet time, this size is 7.5 mm, so a box with a size of 10.8 cm is selected for them. If the thickness of the interior partitions is 10 cm, then you need to install a box of 12 cm. These are standard sizes that are accepted by domestic GOSTs. In interior doors from foreign manufacturers, the door thickness range is wider and ranges from 8 to 20.5 cm.
If the thickness of the wall turns out to be greater than the selected frame, then it can be increased by using additional elements or using a compensatory frame, which can be telescopic, expansion or act as a transformer.
To increase the strength of the door structure, it is recommended to use.
When taking measurements of interior doors, the thickness of the opening may be different; this is caused by the nature of the walls; they can be load-bearing or installed as partitions.
It is regulated and can range from 190 to 200 cm. These dimensions will satisfy the opening dimensions ranging from 194 to 203 cm or 204-211 cm.
When calculating the height of the future door, you need to take into account the threshold. It can be from 1 to 2 cm, and in the end it can be 208 cm, and without it 206 cm. This is the ideal height that meets the standard dimensions of many door frames.
It is measured from one to the second wall. Between this distance the canvas and two side elements of the box should fit.
Read what locks for a metal entrance door are.
The standard width is 800 mm. Almost all manufacturers adhere to this dimension.
If necessary, insert glass into an interior door, he will tell you.
Extras can be no less important than the box itself. Due to them, it is possible to eliminate the hollow section of the doorway.
They come in two types:
The feasibility of using extensions can be determined after measuring the width of the doorway.
Read all the information about seals for interior doors.
In the video, the dimensions of the extensions are:
Comfortable dimensions for use are door widths of 120-180 cm. If the opening does not allow them to be accommodated, then the door leaves will be different in width, one smaller leaf is fixed in its place, and the second with larger dimensions is used as regular door. The latter has standard dimensions, and its smaller counterpart has dimensions equal to 1/3 of it.
The height of such doors can be from 2 to 2.5 m. Depth double doors according to the standard it is from 7.5 to 11 cm.
Set options doorways It’s not difficult if you know in which places they need to be measured. The obtained parameters are adjusted taking into account all gaps. If a mistake is made when installing doors in the house, it can be corrected by filing the frame or , the front door is not so simple . If there is a large gap between them and the wall, it may be necessary to install a counter box.
The strength of the entire structure, as well as the duration of its operation, depends on the quality of the boat. Usually the door frame and door leaf are made from the same material. The main load of the opening sash falls on the frame, and you cannot save on purchasing a cheap window, otherwise the design will be short-lived.
The frame is part of the door block. It is used in models of the type, the sash is suspended from hinges. Install the entrance boat or interior door into the opening on the wall. Most popular material for making boxes is considered array. Cheaper option - MDF and other combinations of wood waste. Lutki may have threaded grooves on the end intended for fixing and.
The hidden door frame is hidden when installed in the wall; it is made of aluminum. Even the hinges remain invisible.
The door frame design involves the use of three or four elements. U-shaped boats without a threshold consist of two posts connected at the top by a crossbar. In a full-fledged boat, the fourth element is the threshold. Such frames are required when installing a door block in a bathroom or at the entrance to a room.
Boxes are usually sold as a set with and. Additional items help to refine doorway. Device Ludki differ according to the following characteristics:
A box with telescopic handles and also equipped with a seal is considered convenient to install and use.
The consumer is offered different sizes door frames, which is determined by the location of their installation. Dimensions are maintained according to the standard. From manufacturers from different countries it is different. The most common standard size door frame interior doors domestic manufacturer coincides with products from Finland, Italy and a number of other European countries.
By standard size is:
This thickness of the interior door frame was determined for good reason. The size variation is due to different wall parameters.
Considered optimal depth door frame of an interior door - 7.5 cm. The frame is suitable for walls made of plasterboard or brick. For thick partitions made of other materials, boxes 10 cm wide are produced. There are imported boxes with a depth of up to 20.5 cm.
The total height and width of the door frame of the interior door is determined taking into account the size of the leaf. The thickness of the onion is added to the dimensions. It will be clearer with an example. Let's take a canvas 60*200 cm and a frame 7.5 cm thick. As a result of the calculations, the total width of the door with the frame will be 67.5 cm, and the height will be 207.5 cm.
The size table will help you determine the dimensions of the interior door frame.
There are different types of door frames based on design, material and other parameters. A boat consisting of three or four elements has the following connection methods racks with crossbar:
Of all the options, the design of a door frame with a right angle is considered simple.
The structure of the bows varies according to the type of fastening of extensions and platbands:
The advantage of the monoblock telescopic box is that it is fully equipped. You don’t have to buy additional trims and platbands separately.
By design There are three types of onion:
It is worth considering separately hidden box door, completely hidden together with hinges in the wall during installation. The entire block is made of aluminum and comes in two types:
The handles on the sash are also made hidden. Usually it is a slot on the canvas or a magnetic device.
The pots differ according to the material they are made of:
Metal door blocks usually come with a seal, trim and fittings. The products are installed at the entrance to the building or individual offices of the organization.
When installing the door block, you will definitely need components. The aluminum door frame goes on sale with mounting plates, seal, set of corners.
When purchasing a door frame for an interior door, a design is selected taking into account the installation location. Frames with a threshold are placed in the bathroom, at the entrance, or, if the height of the opening requires (3 blanks are required for one door). The U-shaped bowl is mounted in ordinary interior partitions(for one door you need 2.5 blanks).
If the door frame is narrow, the projections of a thick wall are hidden with extensions. The number of boards is calculated based on the size of the protrusion.
You will need hinges from the fittings. For a light sash, 2 elements are enough, and for a heavy sash you can put 3 pieces. Overhead or hidden hinges are placed on the door frame without a quarter. By design they are one-piece.
A lock and a peephole are installed on the front door. Although, the last element is optional. Any door is equipped with two handles, and a latch is attached to the interior door leaf.
Loops for metal doors made of aluminum must not only withstand heavy loads, but also last a long time. Much attention is paid to the way they are installed on the door.
Different types profile
With the spread of technology, some familiar things are changing. Doors, for example, are increasingly made of plastic and aluminum. These are modern profile structures, elegant, light. But they have different levels of strength. Aluminum solutions are increasingly used for entrance groups shops, public buildings, many install them on the verandas of houses. Here, not standard hinges for metal doors are used, but special systems, the task of which is to provide control for doors that do not have a completely standard design.
Based on the nature of thermal protection, two types of aluminum profiles can be distinguished:
warm;
cold.
Naturally, this is only conventional names. Warm received this name for the reason that inside it there is a special insert made of polymer material. It serves as a kind of insulation, so when the air temperature drops, the inside of the profile does not cool as much as the outside. There is a significant reduction in heat loss. It goes away only because the thermal conductivity of the metal is high, and the inner surface of the frame still cools down.
Cold profile - the simplest technical solution, a sheet of metal bent in the required manner. It does not have an internal filler; when frost sets in, all the problems associated with the lack of compensation are observed:
heat loss,
sudden cooling of the inner surface of the frame,
condensate,
sometimes – ice freezing.
These are the main differences related to the user characteristics of the two types of profiles and affecting the price finished product.
There is another important factor that concerns the types of hinges for an aluminum door or window sash. Depending on which profile is used to manufacture the structure, hinges are selected:
invoices,
hidden,
universal,
unilateral.
They are attached in several ways and differ in the material from which they are made, the opening angle, adjustment capabilities and other subtleties.
Materials used for manufacturing
For aluminum structures Hinges are not used for metal doors, systems, the appearance of which is familiar to literally everyone. However, the same materials are used:
brass;
stainless or low-corrosion alloys;
stainless steel;
aluminum and alloys based on it.
Each of the materials has its own advantages, which determines the areas of application of certain loops.
Brass.
Brass hinges are ideal for creating various coatings. The metal is ductile, easy to process, polish, and provides good adhesion. Also, brass hinges are the most common option in case of hidden structures, which at certain moments of door movement become visible. Such fittings are very durable, ensure long-term reliable operation, and there are no deposits or color changes on the surface. The applied coating holds up very well.
Iron-based alloys.
Widely used in adjustable structures. Elements hidden under the overlays or located inside allow various appearance defects - darkening of the surface, abrasion, oxidation. The only thing key requirements Such parts require strength and wear resistance, which iron-based alloys can successfully provide.
Stainless steel.
The most durable material for making hinges for aluminum structures. They can withstand the enormous weight of the canvas, have a modern appearance, the polished surface is very durable, characterized by a pleasant mirror shine or deliberately matted. Almost no oxide film is formed, so the appearance is ideal - even color and other characteristics.
The disadvantage is that the parts are from of stainless steel are poorly galvanized. It is difficult to coat such material. Another disadvantage is the difficulty of processing, which is why stainless steel hinges are the most expensive. If you look at the market offers, you can safely say that without lining there are only one type of stainless steel products: the color of polished metal or with a matte surface.
Aluminum and alloys are not based on it. Such loops are quite rare. Although they belong to the low price group, they have enough disadvantages that limit their use. For example, stainless steel hinges can withstand maximum loads - 150 kg for two hinges is considered normal.
Brass hinges have similar advantages - here the recommended door leaf weight is 100 kg for two hinges. Aluminum cannot boast of this level. However, hinges for aluminum structures made of the same material are found on entrance doors with a small glass area and a total weight of 50-60 kg. This solution is especially common in the area hidden loops.
Fastening methods
Depending on the profile used, there are several options for connecting the loop to the fastening area of the blade. Some of them allow you to speed up assembly as much as possible, others provide the possibility of multiple installations, and others are applicable only for a certain type of profile.
Cold structures. There is more freedom for engineering solutions. The profile is empty, so there are no restrictions on the use of anchors, screws or internal fasteners. Two main methods have become widespread: mortgages and quick assembly.
When installing embedded parts, an element is placed inside the profile part into which screws are screwed. Its design depends mainly on the configuration of the space, dimensions, and profile brand. The ability of the hinge to bear the weight of the sash depends on the area of the embedded plate and the thickness of the metal wall. Standard recommendations for this type of fastening are as follows: 100 kg of door weight, 1.7 mm profile wall thickness, 25 square centimeters of mounting plate area. For overhead hinges made of stainless steel, this type of connection is the most common.
Expansion anchors are used to speed up installation. This is an element that is inserted into the hole; when the bolt head is screwed in, the inner part expands and securely presses the hinge to the profile. This collection method, like the previous one, allows for repeated installation. You can unwind, pull out the anchor, change the loop if necessary.
Warm designs. For the installation of products from a profile filled with insulation, embedded plates are used. The difference between cold profiles is that they are placed in advance, in clearly regulated areas. To fix them in one position, special spacer bushings are used. Fastening with expansion anchor is also available.
There is another way - screwing self-tapping anchors. Although the installation speed will be maximum, the key disadvantage is that repeated dismantling and installation is impossible. The thread gradually deteriorates and the connection becomes unstable. For a warm profile with dense filler, a wedge anchor is used - when screwed, the inner part expands and reliably fixes the parts.
Special types of accommodation
Separately, it is worth noting the hidden loop options. They are mounted on the end parts of aluminum parts. Therefore, a cutout or surface overlay fit is most often used. Fastening is carried out using expansion anchors or self-tapping connections. Here there are minimal requirements; no fastenings are used, since the loop itself distributes the force over the area of its fastening zones.
All kinds of hinges are used for aluminum doors. To avoid reinventing the wheel, contact your product suppliers. Some types of fittings may be inexpensive, but can only be used for a certain type of profile.
If the goal is to create a completely invisible connection or other non-standard cases, you should choose for this purpose special fittings. Today there are a lot of technological solutions convenient options, which can provide any imaginable characteristics, parameters and amenities.
In the apartment? In this case, it is important not to fall into the common misconception that all doorways are the same in size. To protect yourself from unnecessary financial costs, it is important to correctly measure the openings and select interior doors with frames in accordance with their dimensions.
In bathrooms and restrooms they are most often installed with a threshold. In the remaining rooms of the apartment or house, as a rule, door structures without a threshold are installed. A threshold is necessary only when the floors in adjacent rooms differ in level. It allows you to hide the height difference.
professional company, which will be responsible for the correctness of its implementation.
Single interior doors with a frame and trim are installed in openings with a width of 70 to 120 cm. In accordance with the standards, doors with a width of 60 cm are installed in the bathroom and bathroom, 70 cm in the kitchen, 80 cm in the rooms. The height of the doors is usually 190 cm for the bathroom and toilet, and 200 cm for all other rooms.
The maximum possible width of a typical door leaf is 90 cm; when assembled with a frame, it can be mounted in an opening up to one meter wide. If the opening width is larger, then non-standard double interior doors are used complete with a frame. They are assembled from two standard canvases of the same or different widths. Such door designs have a spectacular appearance and can become an accent of interior design.
Large doorways can also be designed using doors on rail mechanisms. In this case, the same canvases are used as in swing structures.
What to do if the doorway is too high or too wide and is not suitable for installing standard door designs? This situation often occurs in “Stalinist” buildings, as well as in private houses. The easiest and most inexpensive way out in this situation is to bring the opening dimensions into line with current standards so that factory doors can be installed. Options such as custom-made door panels and frames or trimming doors will cost much more.
For a narrow doorway, a single-leaf sliding or swing door. And for the overall opening the best option will become double-leaf wooden designer doors with glazing, they can be installed on swing hinges or a rail mechanism.
The opening depth is usually 7 cm, but this figure often increases due to the alignment of walls or the installation of various plasterboard structures. To hide the part of the wall that will remain uncovered after installing the door frame, use an additional board.
Buying an assembled interior door with frame and handle is much more profitable than purchasing the door leaf and moldings separately. Firstly, discrepancies in color scheme, since the door frame elements are covered with the same material as the door leaf. And, secondly, the details of the box are consistent with each other and with the door leaf, which eliminates size mismatches.
The finished interior door assembled in a frame has smooth, clear cuts at the joints, which ensures the reliability and durability of the entire structure.
Such door block It is quickly and easily assembled and installed in the doorway, without requiring the use of specific tools to make cuts at the installation site.
