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What is PVC film and its distinctive features, about the advantages and disadvantages of the material, how to prepare a pool for wallpapering, basic work, final finishing.

Features of using PVC film for a swimming pool

When deciding to build a pool, it is important not only to determine its location, take into account where the groundwater flows, decide what shape the reservoir will be, but also choose what material it will be finished with. inner side.

Tile, mosaic and PVC film are offered to consumers as finishing materials. If laying the first two will take up to 3 months, then installing a film coating will take a short period of time, and even a non-professional can do it, following our instructions and recommendations.

If we take into account decorative properties PVC films are inferior to tiles and mosaics, but not everyone wants to make a work of art out of a pool; the main asset of the film material is its waterproofing qualities and reliability. The film is subjected to special treatment, which prevents the development of microorganisms on the surface of the water. This allows you to clean the pool less often.

PVC film for pools also has other names - “liner” or “alkorplan” (manufacturer’s name). It consists of polyester fiber, to which a stabilizer has been added that protects against destructive effects. ultraviolet rays. An acrylic layer is also added to the material, which gives it a shiny, attractive appearance.

This material wide application is used for interior decoration both outdoor and indoor pools. 60% of indoor and 90% of outdoor reservoirs are finished with liner.

Customers are offered two types of film:

• Regular PVC Film for Pool. This is a synthetic material, it is based on plasticized PVC. The liner is produced in rolls, its width is as follows - 1.6 m, 2.4 m and 6.8 m, the length has one size - 25 meters. One roll is enough to cover a pond with an area of ​​40 m2. The film thickness is 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm. For pools with shallow bowls, a 0.5 mm or 0.8 mm film is used. For deeper ones, 1.0 mm and 1.2 mm, respectively. Both smooth versions and those with an anti-slip surface are available for sale. Corrugated material is used to finish steps, as well as the bottom in small areas of the bowl for the safety of swimmers, especially children. The liner tolerates temperature fluctuations well and is therefore used to cover outdoor ponds. In addition to plain film, consumers are offered materials with patterns that imitate tiles, marble and even mosaics. The cost of such a coating is slightly more expensive than a smooth one.
• Butyl rubber film. It has the following qualities: strength, as well as a significant service life. This film cuts and glues well and is suitable for large bodies of water where high strength is required. The material tolerates temperature fluctuations well, which means that you can work with it even in harsh winters. It is produced in the following sizes: thickness - 1 mm, width - 3.05 m, 6.1 m, 9.15 m, 12.2 m, 15.25 m. Roll length - 15.25 m, 30.5 m , 45.75 m, and 61.0 m. The two-layer nature of the film increases its strength and durability.

Owners of small pools can be offered the first, more economical type of film. For owners of large and relief structures, it is necessary to choose the second, more durable and expensive option. When choosing a PVC film for covering pools, you need to consider two of them: important properties: elasticity, that is, the ability to stretch well and not lose its properties, as well as the thickness of the material, on which the service life of the coating depends.

The liner is a very durable material, it is suitable both for installation on new pool bowls and for the reconstruction of old ones. The relatively low price makes it affordable for buyers and ensures high waterproofing properties of the pool.

Advantages and disadvantages of PVC film

The service life of film coating is up to 10 years, which is much less than covering with tiles or mosaics. But the installation of such finishing is carried out quickly, it is easily repaired and, if necessary, replaced with another, while changing the appearance of the pool.

The main advantages include the following:

1. Easy to install.
2. It is not exposed to the sun, frost, or ice, so it is used for outdoor pools.
3. Acceptable price for wide categories of customers.
4. It has universal properties and is used for bowls made of any materials (brick, concrete, stone, etc.).
5. Long service life.
6. Prevents the development of microorganisms.

Disadvantages of PVC film:

• Damaged by a cutting object.
• In direct contact with chlorine it is destroyed.
• The liner has a limited selection of colors.

Technology of waterproofing a swimming pool with PVC film

Before waterproofing the pool with PVC film, prepare the tools that you will need to attach it: a welding machine with nozzles, a metal ruler of maximum length, a dye cord, sharp scissors. In addition, you will need the following materials: film, backing, fastening strip, elastic glue, screws.

Preparatory work

To perform technologically correct cladding reservoir, it is necessary that the surface of the bowl is perfectly smooth. If there are small deposits of plaster on the walls and bottom, they must be removed using ordinary tools - a spatula, sandpaper. If there are potholes on the surface, they must be filled with putty.

The brick bowl of the pools is first plastered, then sanded, and the concrete bowl is putty. It is necessary to give importance to the corners and sides; here all materials must be particularly well connected to the surface.

At the preparation stage, you need to ensure that the embedded parts are installed flush with the surface of the bowl and have sealing flanges. If these parts are recessed, then covering the pool with PVC film will be difficult. Typically, flanges are made of plastic or steel; they are equipped with a rubber gasket that does not react to the effects of chlorine. Screw connections allow flanges with embedded parts to be hermetically secured.

PVC film is also of no small importance for the restoration of reservoirs lined with tiles that have lost their waterproofing qualities. Here the liner is laid directly on the tile or mosaic finish. If the surface is damaged, it is necessary to dismantle the coating, level it, and then lay down the film material.

Laying the underlay and fastening strip

Finishing a pool with PVC film usually begins with laying the backing material under the liner and attaching the fastening strip. The backing material is used to protect the film from contact directly with the surface of the pool.

On the sides of the reservoir, the substrate is mounted between concrete wall and a metal fastening strip, to which the film itself is then attached. The edge of the material must hang down. When fastening, it is necessary to prevent overlapping of the material and, accordingly, the occurrence of thickenings.

The substrate is laid randomly on the base of the reservoir. When the pool has embedded elements, you need to cut holes in the underlying material equal to the size of the flange.

In the case when it is attached to a ladder, special materials should be used, for example, foil, which protect the substrate from burning when welding to the fastening strip.

The fastening strip is a tape made of metal, coated with plastic, where PVC film will be attached in the future. Strip length - 2 m, thickness - 2 mm. Fastening is done using screws at intervals of 10-15 cm.

If a body of water complex design, then the fastening strip must be installed at its bottom. If the base of the pool is pyramid-shaped, then it is fixed to all edges. In a situation where the base has the shape of steps, the fastening strip is installed, as on the sides.

If there is a ladder in the pool, a fixing angle should be used to attach the film. IN in this case all corners of the structure will be covered with corners.

The most difficult thing is to secure the fastening strip for round-shaped pools. Moreover, the smaller the roundness, the more difficult it is to fix it. Additional costs for fittings may apply.

Installation instructions for PVC film

Before gluing the PVC film for the pool, prepare a welding machine that is equipped with various attachments. The most favorable temperature conditions for welding the material are +15 degrees and above. Welding work will be carried out more efficiently if the air temperature is high.

To preserve the hermetic qualities of the film and give it aesthetically pleasing it is necessary to follow the technology of welding the material and prevent debris from getting on the sheets being welded, cut the film coating correctly to prevent unnecessary consumption of material.

Installation of film material is carried out as follows:

1. Laying the coating begins from the bottom of the reservoir. When installing, PVC films are removed from the walls of the pool by 1-2 cm, making an overlap of 5-8 cm. If the bottom of the reservoir has a complex shape, it is spread out and allowed to rest.
2. Before starting welding, you need to check the sheets for debris and other contaminants.
3. When starting to weld surfaces, you should grab the sheets; for this, use a low temperature. The tack is done so that the panels being welded do not change their position, since during the process they can move, and then folds appear that cannot be smoothed out when the pool is filled with water.
4. With large voltage drops, you need to ensure uniform heating of the surfaces being welded.
5. When welding PVC film for a pool, you need to ensure that carbon deposits do not form. When it appears, remove it using a metal brush.
6. After installing the film on the bottom, they begin to place sheets on the vertical parts of the reservoir, making an overlap of 5-8 cm. In the area of ​​the wall-bottom seams, wall-wall in the corner, an overlap of 15 cm is maintained. The PVC film is laid on the vertical parts of the reservoir by welding to the fastening strip. Here, too, before making welding, it is necessary to weld it.
7. Work on welding the material at the corners of the pool is done last.

Note! When making a wall-bottom seam, it is necessary to take into account that the stretching of the film coating occurs in the horizontal plane. In this regard, it is recommended to move the sheet away from the edge of the pool by 3 cm along the entire bottom.

Treatment of seams with sealant

After completing the welding, you need to check the seams to see if any part of them is missing somewhere, or if there is a defect during welding. Then it is recommended to treat them all with a so-called sealant. It is a liquid that has the property of hardening when exposed to air, but remaining soft during the hardening process. It is the same color as the main material.

The sealant is distributed using a special oiler. When applying the substance to vertical joints, work must be done from top to bottom. Then it must be allowed to dry for at least 30 minutes, after which you can pour water into the pool.

After installing the film covering, you can fill the structure with water, always warm, about 40 degrees, to approximately a height of 30-40 cm. Next, install the flanges of the embedded elements. At the same time, holes are made in the film, ensuring the necessary tension its sheets. Once the flanges and other embedded parts are in place, the pool can be filled to full level.

How to glue PVC film for a pool - watch the video:

The pool is now completely ready for use! It's time to enjoy relaxing on the shore of your pond.

Until recently, it was believed that building a swimming pool at the dacha with your own hands from film or any other material was the privilege of wealthy people. Today, literally anyone can afford a pond, because construction market offers a huge range of materials and tools for affordable prices, with the help of which you can easily build such a structure of any size, shape and depth. The easiest way would be to make a pool from film - minimal financial and labor costs are required, but the result will exceed all expectations. Below we will look at what this material is, how to install it correctly, as well as what types of pools can be built from it and where it would be best to place it on your summer cottage.

What is PVC film?

Polyvinyl chloride film intended for swimming pools is waterproofing material, which not only retains water, but also has high aesthetic characteristics. It is this that gives the reservoir that familiar blue tint that we are used to seeing in all pools, from inflatable country pools to public sports pools.

Therefore, this material combines two functions at once - waterproofing and decorative, which allows you to save money.

In itself, it is inexpensive, but at the same time it is perfect for a reservoir of absolutely any configuration and size. True, it is not without its drawbacks, for example, its service life usually ranges from five to ten years, depending on operating conditions, and the color range is limited. When joining layers of film, the seams remain visible, plus, it cannot be laid if groundwater flows close to the surface on which the film pool is installed. However, if the listed disadvantages do not scare or stop you, then you can safely use PVC film in construction, because this method is the most economical for people who want to create everything with their own hands. Installation is simple, the main thing is to follow the instructions, which are described step by step below.

How to build a swimming pool with your own hands at your dacha from film?

First you need to make planning, which takes into account the dimensions of the pool, its location, purpose, appearance and pool construction diagram.

Then select Construction Materials and equipment for the normal functioning of the reservoir (filters, pumps).

Then preparatory work is carried out: this includes excavating the soil (if the structure is planned to be “sunk” into the ground) and creating a drainage system, after which it is necessary to create technical niches and piping.

After this, installation work begins. This includes pouring concrete mortar, forming the walls and bottom of the reservoir, as well as PVC finishing film and installation of all purchased equipment.

The last step is to check the system for functionality.

It looks something like this step-by-step scheme building a swimming pool with your own hands. Let's take a closer look at some of the key points.

Selecting the type of reservoir and its location

First, you need to decide whether you want to build an indoor or outdoor pool at your dacha. Based on this, you will choose materials and equipment - the price for each type is different. U open type It is best to choose steel as a filling material; in an indoor pool you can save money on such equipment, but you will have to spend money on a pavilion.

Next, we select the type of structure - adult, children, family, and its purpose - for training or recreation.

As for the location of the reservoir, it is best to place it on a flat, empty area where there is no excess vegetation that could clog the water with leaves or damage the frame with the developing root system. Ideally, a pool in a country house is best located close to the water supply to make it easier to use, if there is one on the site, of course.

Design and arrangement

On at this stage you need to decide what is more important - appearance or cost savings. The most economical option would be to build a simple rectangular pond at your dacha with your own hands from film without any additional angles or bends; the smaller it is, the cheaper it is. Be sure to draw up a diagram according to which you will later build a pool with your own hands. You can do this yourself, or contact specialists and order a project, as a result of which you will receive ready-made drawings and diagrams that ensure the accuracy of the construction of the pool and the installation of its equipment.

There are three types of pool film; choose the most suitable option based on your own design requirements and its type:

• Non-reinforced film: cheap, but not very durable;
• The reinforced fabric is equipped with polyester fibers, which increase its strength characteristics, making the material cope with high pressure water column, temperature changes and mechanical load;
• The anti-slip surface is equipped with a ribbed surface, thanks to which you will not slip and get injured, which is ideal for the bowl of family and children's ponds.

Some of the films also have an additional acrylic coating, which provides additional durability as well as antibacterial properties, which is very important for a home pool.

At the stage of choosing equipment, you need to decide which filtration system is best for you - skimmer or overflow. The filter and pump are selected based on calculation of the amount of water in the reservoir.

Preparation and installation

A pool in a dacha made from film does not require any complicated preparation. All you need to do is dig a pit required size, where it will subsequently be poured concrete mortar. It is important to note here the fact that the soil walls of the pit may begin to crumble. To avoid this, it is necessary to make them not perpendicular to the ground, but with a slight slope in outside, literally 3-5 degrees will be enough.

The bottom of the pit should also not be perfectly straight: make it with a slope to the side of about 4 centimeters. Once the foundation pit for the construction of the pool is ready, installation can begin. At this stage it is necessary to fill the bowl: it will represent monolithic structure made of concrete, in which the bottom is first poured, and then the walls, and this is done using a cold seam. In some cases, builders decide to add additional strength to the walls of the bowl. To do this, even at the pouring stage, it is necessary to install a reinforced steel mesh inside the frame - this kind of trick will prevent the structure from collapsing during operation. During pouring, make sure that both horizontal and vertical surfaces

turned out to be as smooth as possible, otherwise you may damage the film, which is sensitive to any irregularities. It is very easy to deform it, but repairing it, let alone replacing it with a new one, can be very problematic.

To level the surfaces, there is a simple way - use cement diluted with water, apply it with a whitewash brush. Next, a layer of insulation is laid, which prevents the film from rubbing against hard concrete, and then the pool film itself. The seams of the material must be welded with special equipment and treated with sealant, then the film must be welded to the edges of the reservoir. finished. Upon completion, the pumping and filtering equipment purchased in advance is installed, and a comprehensive check of the functionality of the hydraulic systems is carried out.

Are you planning to install a PVC pool film yourself? Description of stages PVC installations films are quite simple and will be useful for those who want to decorate the pool with their own hands. DIY swimming pool finishing with PVC film the matter is simple and short-lived. In fact, polyvinyl chloride is a very convenient, practical and attractive material. It is perfect for finishing both a stationary and frame pool. Moreover, there is no need to wait for the glue to dry, as after laying tiles. You can immediately fill the cup with water and enjoy bathing. Let's consider laying a film coating on different types pools separately.

PVC film for finishing a pool can be purchased for 1,000 - 1,500 rubles. (Russia). The cost of the same material with patterns from imported manufacturers will cost twice as much.

Before you start covering the pool with PVC film , you need to choose the right coating that will last for more than one year. It will be safe and easy to care for. There are several types of PVC film:

1. Single-layer, not reinforced. Its thickness varies up to 1 mm. It's simple, inexpensive option, which is usually used to cover a frame pool. As a rule, after one season it requires restoration of small cracks. But if you follow the storage conditions in winter period, it may well last for several years.
2. Double-layer reinforced. More durable material than the previous one. This coating can be used for frame pools and ordinary concrete bowls. Due to the special reinforced layer, it has increased strength and wear resistance and has a thickness of up to one and a half millimeters.
3. Reinforced with ribbed surface. Ideal for covering steps in swimming pools and children's paddling pools. It is pleasant to the touch, safe with an anti-slip surface. It is also coated with a special compound that prevents algae from forming on its surface.
4. Polyvinyl chloride with acrylic coating. The most durable and expensive film. Perfect for large pools with intricate shapes. It has a bactericidal coating and protects water from blooming. Easy to care for surface.

ADVICE!Frame pools are initially equipped with liner bowls. If you are decorating a stationary pool, then the film should be cut, spread, and then welded at the installation site.

PVC finishing of a frame pool

In order to decide on the choice of film covering, you need to look at the frame of your future pool. If you are going to install a small frame pool at your dacha, then it is enough to order a ready-made film of the required size. The film coating is cut into a finished rectangular, oval or round shape. Lining the pool with PVC film requires compliance with certain rules:

• Carefully remove from the packaging and place on a flat surface (on a sand or technoplex cushion) inside the pool.
• If the pool is collapsible, then the plastic elements of the side are inserted into specially sewn holes in the material.
• The board is assembled as a construction kit, together with a film coating. The result is a finished pool bowl.
• The film is smoothed out.
• Gradually fill with warm water.
• If the pool is frame, non-demountable. The film coating is placed inside the bowl and smoothed out. But it is attached to the sides using a special plastic strip. The final procedure for filling with water is the same as described above.

PVC finishing of a concrete pool

Typically, stationary pools have a non-standard shape and large volume, so it is impossible to prepare a complete sheet of material. It is laid in layers. The roll itself is 2.5 meters long and up to 700 cm wide. The work is somewhat reminiscent of wallpapering. Installing PVC pool film by hand begins with preparing the foundation.

• The concrete must be plastered and all irregularities and roughness removed. Otherwise, the film will quickly deform.
• — geotextiles. Firstly, it will help increase the wear resistance of the film coating. Secondly, it will better retain heat in the pool. To prevent the insulation from moving during operation, it can be placed on glue. The material should fit very tightly to concrete base, without folds, creases. The glue is applied pointwise over the surface of the material. By the way, geotextiles are used not only in interior walls bowls, but also on the outside. It protects concrete from damaging effects groundwater and soil. And it prevents the cold earth from cooling the water.
• The first stage of working with the film begins with laying it on the bottom of the pool. First, solid sheets are laid, and then they go to corners, steps, and bulges.
• In order to lay the film evenly on the walls, a plumb line is required. It's easy to navigate. Laying PVC film in the pool produced from bottom to top. The film is laid overlapping each other. On the floor up to 15 cm, on the walls up to 5 cm. The joints are soldered with a special hairdryer. But you need to control the process so as not to damage the material. At the top, attach to the board using plastic tape and cut off the excess. The joints can be sealed with a special sealant matched to the tone of the film or transparent.
• As for the built-in lamps, skimmers, nozzles, drainage systems and other embedded elements of the pool, the holes for them are cut out after the film is stretched. And they are secured with plastic or metal flanges.

Restoration of the pool with PVC film

Often, a pool that has already been coated with some kind of coating needs restoration. The most optimal fast and reliable way is finishing the pool with film PVC hands. You just need to lay the film covering over the existing finish. The film is applied to plaster, tiles, and even a finished polyvinyl pool. This universal waterproofing product will protect the bowl from leaks and save time and money.

Advantages of film coating:

• Durability. Despite the fact that the film is inferior in its properties to, say, a tiled coating. With proper care, it can safely last up to 7 years.
• Economical. Compared with tiled covering costs much less. And you can also avoid spending money on professional installers and install on our own. Easy to install and dismantle.
• Fine .
• Beautiful appearance. A variety of colors and textures will satisfy every taste.
• Easy to care for. The surface of the film coating is easy to clean. Coated with an antibacterial composition, which prevents the development of microorganisms.
• Does not fade under ultraviolet light.
• Environmentally friendly material. Without harmful impurities and odor.

Disadvantages of film coating:

• Afraid of direct impact chemicals, sharp objects.
• Afraid of low temperatures. If the pool is outdoors, .
• Restoration after conservation is possible using a repair kit.

PVC film is the most suitable option if you decide to do a budget option swimming pool It is perfect as a substitute natural materials made of marble or stone.

Conclusion

Installation of PVC pool film makes it possible to quickly build a high-quality reservoir that can be used immediately. This great option and for summer cottage and for a private home. PVC film is very popular among those who like to save money on quality.

Some people are skeptical about finishing the pool bowl in this way. The main arguments against the use of PVC film are its insufficient strength, the visibility of seam joints and the gradual loss of the original color. However, pool films have many more advantages - ease of installation with your own hands, the coating performs a dual function (decorative and waterproofing), and, importantly, the low cost of the material.

The main thing is to install it correctly. And this is not difficult to do if you understand all the features of such work.

What you will need when installing a pool liner

• Hairdryer Moreover, it is special, construction (it is also called industrial). Without it, it will not be possible to properly glue individual fragments of the film. There should be several nozzles for the electric tool - with different widths of the outlet pipe and directions of the hot air stream.
• "Metal" brush. To remove carbon deposits on the working part of the hair dryer.
• Pressure roller. It is necessary for rolling the joint after welding the film strips.
• Electric drill (perforator) with a set of drills or drill bits for concrete. Will be needed when installing the substrate.
• Screwdriver. Installing fasteners using a screwdriver is not only time-consuming, but also ineffective. There is no guarantee that all screws will “go” strictly perpendicular to the plane of the base. This means that there will be distortions in the fastening tapes, and this will cause difficulties when forming the joints of the pool film strips.
• A cutting tool (scissors or a sharp knife) for cutting the coating material.
• Plumb (for leveling vertically installed fragments).
• Solvent, glue (but only elastic after drying).

Conditions for high-quality work with film

It is advisable to start installing it in the pool in hot weather. This way the PVC film will stick better to the material of the bowl. The lower temperature limit is +15 ºС.

Technology of finishing the pool bowl with film

Preparatory activities

Cleaning the surface of the bowl. It is advisable not only to remove all debris from the pool, but also to literally “lick” it. This will reveal all defects in the base on which the film will be laid.

Elimination of defects. What could it be?

Firstly, the unevenness. This is typical for concrete pools. The slightest bulge will eventually cause abrasions, scratches on the film or its damage, and therefore leaks. The same goes for shells. If the “bumps” are easy to knock down and polish with your own hands, then the “notches” just need to be sealed cement mortar, putty and level.

Secondly, partial peeling of the tiles, if they were used in the initial design of the pool, and the film is supposed to be laid on top. And such defects are also relatively easy to eliminate.

If necessary, in case of obvious damage to the bowl, it is advisable to lay a leveling screed on it. The technique for this work is simple, and there is a fairly large assortment of appropriate dry mixtures or liquid formulations. There are plenty to choose from.

Drawing up a diagram for installing fastening strips and substrate fragments. There is no standard one, since all pools differ in many linear parameters and configurations. You can only give one hint based on the size of the stripes: length – 200, width – up to 8 (in cm), thickness – 2 (mm). The layout of their placement in the pool is chosen independently, depending on the characteristics of its geometry and the number of installed film fragments. Here specific recommendations are meaningless; you will have to do everything yourself - both measurements in the bowl and drawing up a diagram for arranging fasteners for geotextiles. The film will be fused onto them.

Substrate arrangement

During the use of the pool, the film placed in the bowl is subjected to dynamic loads. This leads to increased wear (abrasion) and reduces its service life. The geotextile substrate not only prevents this, but also serves as a kind of insulating layer. The water in such a pool will cool down more slowly due to reduced heat loss through its concrete bottom and walls.

The nonwoven material is fixed in the bowl using a metal tape, which is attached to inner surface pool, securely “fastening” geotextiles to it. The peculiarity of this fastener is that one side is covered with plastic. This is where the film is “welded” to it. During the installation process, you need to take this into account and not confuse where the “bottom” and “top” of the metal strips are.

• It is worth suggesting the desired distance between the screws. Optimally - no more than 10 - 12 mm. Such a tight fit of the fasteners will ensure reliable pressing of the film to the inner surface of the pool over its entire area.
• If there are steps in the reservoir, then on their “edges” instead of strips, corners are used to fix the film.
• Installing fastening strips on the rounded areas of the bowl will be greatly simplified if triangular cuts are made in the metal in several places. Their number is easy to determine based on the radius of curvature of the surface.

Specifics of fixing geotextiles

• In accordance with the diagram, holes are drilled in the concrete and dowels are installed for the screws.
• The installation of geotextile fragments is also carried out according to a do-it-yourself diagram. It is necessary to pay attention to the reliability of the joints of all its strips and the maximum density of contact with the concrete base. No folds, gathers, gaps, etc. are allowed.

To ensure that the pieces of non-woven material do not move during operation, it is advisable to apply several adhesive “dots” to the reverse side of each (that’s what you need, an elastic adhesive composition). But not along the cuts! After leveling in these places, it is pressed to securely fix it to the concrete of the pool.

All that remains is to bend the edges of the material, see where the dowels for the screws are installed, and make holes for them. Otherwise, it will be quite difficult to find them after the pool bowl is completely finished with geotextiles.

The last technological operation at this stage of work is the installation of fastening strips and their tight clamping with the help of screws.

Laying film in the pool bowl

Cutting PVC sheets

This is one of the most important points when finishing an artificial reservoir. It is necessary to take into account that after filling it with water, the film will stretch, and the stronger the steeper the walls of the bowl. Therefore, when determining the geometry of the fragments, it is necessary to take into account that the strips are laid with an overlap (about 6 ± 2 mm, depending on the thickness), and they must lie freely in the bowl, without excessive tension. For corner connections(for example, at the junction of the bottom - the wall of the pool), the value of this parameter doubles. That is, at least 12 mm.

Film installation

• You should start by finishing the bottom of the pool. The quality of all other operations depends on how accurately this work is performed.
• Installation on walls is done from bottom to top. The main assistant at this stage is the plumb line. It is along this that the film fragments should be aligned.

Welding film sheets

One of the most difficult aspects of installing a film in a pool. It will no longer be possible to transfer something by correcting the mistakes made - you can only replace a piece of coating material.

• Adjacent strips should be laid first. After alignment, they are “tacked” to prevent their possible shift during the welding process. This can be done in two ways. If the film is thin, then it is enough to organize “point” connections with a solvent. It will melt at the places of application, and their gluing is ensured. The second option is to briefly heat the film with a hairdryer in certain areas and fix it. The work is painstaking, but everything else depends on its quality.
• After such preparation, direct welding of the film pieces is carried out. The strips at the joints are heated by hot air. Depending on the location of their installation, the appropriate nozzle for the hair dryer and its operating mode (jet temperature) are selected.

Processing the seams of the installed film

Since pools are not finished with their own hands every day, therefore, practical experience most of us don't. Therefore, small defects in welded joints are inevitable. To seal them more reliably, it is advisable to treat them with a special composition of liquid consistency - seam sealant (available for sale). It’s easy to choose the shade to match the film, and it’s easy to work with. “Jelly” is squeezed out of the tube, and after application along the joint it hardens in about half an hour (with room temperature), maintaining its elasticity.

The quality of the seam largely depends on the uniformity of heating. Therefore, a number of conditions must be met:

• try to maintain the distance between the cut of the nozzle and the seam being processed;
• ensure that the voltage supplying the hair dryer remains constant. In the private sector, this is one of the problems of power supply, so when installing the film in the pool, it is advisable to switch it on through a stabilizer;
• during the welding process, it is necessary to periodically remove carbon deposits from the nozzle (the brush has already been mentioned), otherwise the jet will gradually “play” (deviate), which will affect the reliability of gluing the film;
• Lastly, the inner corners of the pool are treated with a hairdryer. At this stage, you can make some adjustments - straighten the remaining strips, trim off the excess, and then glue them together.

It remains to add that after installing the PVC film, you need to fill the pool bowl gradually, and always with warm water. Under such conditions, the material becomes more elastic and stretches better.

By thickness

The geometry of the canvas does not matter, it is standard (in cm): length - 2,500, width - 240 or 680. But with thickness, not everything is so simple. To optimize material costs and ensure sufficient strength (and therefore durability of the coating), it is necessary to take into account the depth of the pool bowl.

• If it is within 2 m, then you can install a film thickness (in mm) in the range from 0.7 ± 0.2.
• In other cases – no less than 1.0.
• The bowls of large pools of complex configuration (embossed) are finished with a thicker, two-layer film - from 1.5.

By execution

• Regular film. The cheapest modification, which is not characterized by high strength, is therefore used to a limited extent for finishing bowls. As a rule, they are purchased for installation in prefabricated pools.
• Film with reinforcement. The most popular product modification in the private sector. Such canvases can withstand significant loads, so they can be used for DIY installation with virtually no restrictions.
• Film with anti-slip coating. It costs significantly more, but in terms of safety of using the pool (due to the ribbed surface) it significantly outperforms its analogues.
• Acrylic coated film. The main purpose of this layer is to provide bactericidal protection of the water in the pool. It does not bloom, bacteria, rot, and the like do not multiply in it. The service life of such canvases in an aquatic environment is 1.8 times higher than samples without acrylic painting.

If you understand all the features of installing the film in the pool bowl, then doing this work yourself will not cause much difficulty. Main - accurate calculations, extreme accuracy, attentiveness and strict adherence to the recommendations of specialists.

Swimming pool is quite complicated technical structure, requiring a competent approach to its construction. You cannot build a permanent pool with your own hands; it requires experienced specialists who can work with engineering communications knowledgeable about technology.
One of these technologies is lining the pool with film, which we will introduce you to in this article.

Build a swimming pool in classic version, lined with ceramic tiles, is not cheap, especially if it has a large volume.
The construction of such a structure, even a small one, requires a lot of time - more than three calendar months.

• Lining films for swimming pools can reduce this period to one and a half months, and their price significantly reduces the cost of the facility. These criteria are often decisive when a client chooses a method of finishing a pool.
• In terms of their decorative and performance properties, films for lining pools are, of course, inferior to ceramic tiles or mosaics (see Finishing a pool with mosaics: a tribute to fashion or style), but not everyone wants to make an architectural masterpiece out of this structure. For many, it is enough that the finish will be of high quality and reliable, without frills.
• What is important is that PVC film for lining pools is not only a finishing material, but also a waterproofing material, and is very elastic and durable. The production of such films is based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride, mesh reinforced made of polystyrene.

• During the production process, this material is subjected to a special impregnation that prevents the development of microorganisms on its surface.
  This is very important for the pool; it will not have to be cleaned often. So, this finish also has its advantages.
• PVC film for lining swimming pools is produced in rolls 1.6 m wide. One roll is enough to cover forty squares of a concrete bowl.
  Among the assortment PVC coatings for the pools you see in the photo above, there are smooth options, as well as films with an anti-slip surface.
• Corrugated film is used for lining the steps of stairs leading into the water, as well as for covering the bottom in the shallowest areas of the pool. By the way, this finish is highly recommended for outdoor pools, since PVC is better, than tiles, tolerates temperature changes.

• Manufacturers of this material They do everything to ensure that the finishing of pools with film is not only durable, but also aesthetically pleasing and varied.
• Except plain ones PVC films, options began to appear with designs stylized to resemble the texture of marble, ceramic tiles, and even mosaics. Naturally, such coverage is somewhat more expensive.

The service life of a pool film coating is about ten years. This is much less than ceramic tiles, and is the only drawback of this material.
But, lining PVC pools is done quickly, the film is easy to repair or replace, at the same time updating the appearance of the pool.

Preparatory work

In order for the cladding to be of high quality, work should begin by preparing the base. The quality of further finishing will depend on how well it is done.
The construction of such a structure, even a small one, requires a lot of time - more than three calendar months.

• It is important that there are no sagging or potholes on the surface of the pool bowl. If the bowl is made of brick, it must first be plastered and then sanded.
  concrete surface, you may have to putty.

• When performing alignment, Special attention You need to pay attention to the corners and sides. In these places, the adhesion of the solution to the base should be as tight as possible.
• In progress preparatory work It is necessary to pay attention that all embedded parts are installed flush with the surface, and are also equipped with sealing flanges. If it turns out that they are buried, it will be difficult to install the coating.
• Flanges are usually made of plastic or of stainless steel, and have a rubber gasket that is resistant to chlorine. These parts must provide a tight connection with the embedded elements using a screw connection.
• PVC film for pool lining is now often used for the reconstruction of old structures whose waterproofing has already been damaged. In this case, the film is installed directly on the ceramic tile.

The main thing is that it does not move away from the base anywhere. If necessary, unreliable elements of the old coating are dismantled, leveled, and then the film is installed.

Film cladding

The PVC film is fixed using a fastening strip. This is a two-meter metal tape, 2 mm thick, no more than ten centimeters wide.
On one side there is applied to the tape polymer coating, to which the film is welded:

• The fastening strip is mounted end-to-end to the surface of the walls, just below the edge of the pool, using dowels. The location of the fastening strips may vary depending on the complexity of the bowl configuration.
• And it can be multi-level, have steep slopes and turns. In each specific case, specialists make an individual decision.
  If necessary, the tape is also attached to the bottom, this will prevent movement of the bottom sheets and the formation of folds on the film.
• In some cases, mounting angles are also used, for example, if the pool has concrete staircase. They cover all protruding edges of the steps and allow you to fasten sections of PVC with tension, reducing the number of points for attaching the film to the concrete.

• Before installing the film, a special geotextile substrate is laid on the bottom of the pool. Its main task is to protect the coating from abrasion as a result of direct contact with concrete during operation.
• The substrate is clamped between the fastening strips and the base. If you are interested in this issue, you can watch the video.
  Geotextile segments are laid end-to-end, without overlap or discrepancies. In areas of the base that have a complex configuration, the substrate is fixed with glue.
• At the locations of the embedded parts, holes of the appropriate configuration are cut out in the geotextile sheets so that it does not interfere with the compression of the film by the flanges.
• In those areas where the film coating will be welded, self-adhesive foil is fixed on top of the substrate. It prevents burning of geotextile sheets.

• The cutting of the canvas must be approached with great care in order to reduce the amount of waste. For this you need good scissors and the longest possible metal ruler.
• To work, you will also need a dye cord, a special hair dryer with a set of nozzles for welding polymer materials, a pressure roller for rolling seams, and a linoleum knife. To remove carbon deposits on welding machine a metal brush is used.
• Welding of PVC sheets is carried out with a stream of hot air supplied by a hairdryer. Its temperature is regulated depending on many factors: network voltage, indoor or outdoor air temperature, welding speed.
  There are other nuances of use welding gun, the operating instructions will tell you about them.
• It also matters what the PVC sheet is welded to: to the same material or to a fastening strip. Film installation work is carried out only at above-zero temperatures. The warmer it is, the better the quality of the coating.

• First, the covering sheets that will be mounted on the bottom are laid out. They are laid with an overlap of up to five centimeters, along the entire bottom, with a slight indentation from the walls.
  If the bottom has a complex configuration and slopes, the sheets are fixed so that when the pool is subsequently filled with water, they do not move.
• It is best to spread out the film and let it rest. Before starting welding, the PVC surface must be cleaned of dust and any contaminants.
  Before welding the seam, the joints of the sheets are fixed using the tack method.
• This is incomplete heating and pressing of individual sections of the joints. This prevents the film from accidentally changing its original position, which could lead to the formation of wrinkles.
• After the installation of covering the pool bottom is completed, they begin to hang pieces of film on the walls. They are hung plumb, with the same overlap of seams as on the bottom, and welded to the fastening strips along the sides.

Note! For welding horizontal surfaces with vertical ones, as well as corner joints, the overlap between the sheets of film is greater - up to 15 cm.

• Particular attention should be paid to seams that transition from the bottom plane to the wall plane. There are some nuances here, and the specialists who install the film know about them.
  Lastly, welding is carried out in internal corners pool, after which the quality of all seams is checked.
• If everything is normal and there are no complaints about the quality of welding, the seams are treated with a special sealant. It comes complete with film and has the same color.
  This is a liquid mass that hardens in the open air, but remains elastic after hardening.
• This composition is designed to provide additional tightness of seams. It is applied to the joints of the film using a special container similar to an oil can.
  The sealant is applied to vertical seams from top to bottom. Half an hour is enough for it to harden, and you can fill the pool.

The first filling of the pool should be warm, but not hot water. First, it is filled to about forty centimeters, which promotes good tension of the vertical film covering.
After this, you can make holes in it and install flanges on the embedded parts. When the flanges and decorative elements will be installed, the pool can be filled to the top.