Safety requirements for handling weapons, ammunition, signal, lighting and imitation means during training and shooting exercises
Safety requirements for handling weapons and ammunition during training and firing exercises
Personnel who have not mastered the safety requirements are not allowed to fire and maintain fire.
It is forbidden to enter (drive) into areas where there are unexploded grenades and other explosive objects. These areas must be marked in a timely manner with pointers and signs with appropriate warnings.
It is forbidden to touch unexploded grenades, other explosive objects and imitations. Report each unexploded grenade to the senior shooting leader and the head of the military shooting range in the prescribed manner.
When throwing combat hand grenades, it is allowed to insert a fuse only before throwing them at the command of the shooting leader. Carrying combat hand grenades outside grenade bags is prohibited.
It is allowed to leave the shelter after 15-20 seconds after the explosion of a defensive grenade.
If a loaded combat grenade was not thrown (the safety pin was not removed), it should be unloaded only on command and under the direct supervision of the firing leader.
When firing from a helicopter in flight and from a model helicopter (simulator), load the weapon, shoot, unload and inspect it with the weapon installed on the bracket and at the command (signal) of the shooting leader on the helicopter (simulator).
It is forbidden for personnel to get up from their seats and move in the cockpit of a helicopter.
Firing by each shooter must immediately stop independently or at the command of the chief of fire in the following cases:
- the appearance of people, cars or animals on the target field, low-flying aircraft over the firing area;
- falling grenades outside the safe zone or near the dugout occupied by people, and loss of communication with the dugout;
- Raising a white flag (lantern) at the command post or in the dugout, as well as giving another established ceasefire signal from the dugout (explosive package, smoke bombs, rockets, etc.);
- report or submission from the post of cordon of the established signal about the danger of continuing firing;
- the occurrence of a fire on the target field.
From the signal "END" to the signal "FIRE", it is forbidden for anyone to be in the firing position (shooting place) and approach the weapon left on it.
It is strictly forbidden:
- load weapons with live and blank cartridges, as well as live and inert grenades until the sound signal "FIRE" (command of the head, commander);
- to direct weapons at people, to the side and to the rear of a military shooting range, regardless of whether it is loaded or not;
- open and fire from faulty weapons, faulty ammunition, in dangerous firing directions, with the white flag raised at the command (district) post and shelters (dugouts);
- leave a loaded weapon anywhere or hand it over to other persons, leave a weapon in a firing position (shooting place) without a command from the firing leader in the area (commander);
- to fire from a machine gun with a device for silent and flameless firing (PBS) with ordinary cartridges;
- enter (leave) the areas of the military shooting range (training facility), where there are unexploded combat grenades and other explosive objects; these areas are restricted areas and must be fenced off, marked with signs and signs with appropriate warnings, for example: “Danger! Unexploded grenade, do not touch!";
- disassemble combat grenades and troubleshoot them;
- touch unexploded grenades, shells and other explosive objects; each unexploded grenade (shell) immediately after detection must be marked with a pointer with a warning inscription and reported to the head of the military shooting range.
It is prohibited in peacetime to use for shooting:
- 30-mm shot (VOG-17) with a fragmentation grenade for automatic grenade launchers AGS-17 and AG-17;
- anti-tank shot PG-7V to the RPG-7 anti-tank grenade launcher of all modifications;
- 7.62 mm cartridges arr. 1943 with an incendiary bullet (3) and a bimetallic sleeve (GZh);
- 7.62-mm rifle cartridges with a light bullet (L) and a bimetallic sleeve or brass sleeve (GL), as well as with a heavy bullet (D) and a bimetallic sleeve or brass sleeve;
- 14.5-mm cartridges with an armor-piercing incendiary bullet (BS-41) and a brass sleeve, as well as with an armor-piercing incendiary tracer bullet (BZT) and a brass sleeve, with an incendiary bullet (ZP) and a brass sleeve.
Safety requirements for handling signal and lighting equipment
The SM signal mine is designed for mining the terrain in order to notify friendly troops of the appearance of the enemy at the place of its installation. It can be used to indicate (imitate) explosions of anti-personnel mines during military exercises.
Signal mines can be installed in the ground or tied to local objects (bush, tree, stake, etc.)
Fig.1 Installing the SM signal mine:
a - into the ground; b - using a local subject; 1 - mine; 2 - peg; 3 - wire stretching; 4 - fuse MUV;
5 - local subject.
Safety requirements for mine installation (Fig. 1):
- make a hole in the ground with a crowbar or a sapper's drill, 15-20 cm deep, about 3 cm in diameter;
- install a mine in the hole (tie to a stake or tree trunk);
- unscrew the plastic cap from the mine;
- screw the fuse MUV-2 (MUV) with a P-shaped pin onto the nipple;
- stretch the wire stretching;
- 5 m from the mine, drive a peg into the ground, to which tie the end of the wire stretch;
- hook a carabiner on the combat pin of the MUV-2 fuse (MUV); the stretched wire must have slack;
- remove the safety pin from the fuse MUV-2, holding it with your hand and not pulling the wire; at the MUV fuse - remove the upper safety pin from the fuse rod;
- disguise mine.
When a mine is triggered, a beam of fire is ejected from its body, and burning signal stars can fall and burn out on the ground within a radius of up to 10 m from the installation site. Considering this, in necessary cases fire safety measures should be provided.
Safety requirements for mine clearance
SM mines installed with a MUV-2 fuse are not subject to decontamination, they should be destroyed on the spot during demining, and MUV installed with a fuse are defused in the same way as POMZ-2 mines.
Reactive signal cartridges RSP are designed to give a light signal to control units in battle, as well as to illuminate the area.
30mm cartridges come in single and three-star, red, green and yellow lights. Single-star white fire cartridges are illuminating. The lighting star differs from the signal star not so much in the color of the fire as in the strength of the light. The luminous intensity of the lighting star is 8-10 times higher than the signal luminous intensity. There are also lighting and signal cartridges that combine colored fire with high strength Sveta.
Safety requirements when bringing the RSP cartridge into action:
- take a cartridge in left hand, tightly clasping the metal tip, and point the cartridge away from you forward and upward, at an angle of 70-80 ° (lighting cartridges are fired at an angle of 40-50 °).
- for greater safety, the muzzle of the launch tube should be above the level of the face;
- right hand unscrew the cap and remove the lanyard with the ring (remember that the cartridge is a product that is structurally fully prepared for a shot and does not have safety devices, so care must be taken when removing and straightening the folded cord);
- take the ring in your right hand and pull it vigorously along the axis of the cartridge (from the side of the bottom of the cartridge, from the hole of the pulled out grater, there will be a slight outflow of powder gases, so the fingers of the hand holding the launch tube should not overlap the bottom section of the screw-on narrowing);
- after the rocket takes off, throw the launch tube (pick up for reporting).
Safety requirements for handling simulation tools
Most often, the following simulation tools are used in combat training classes: blank cartridges and explosives.
A blank cartridge is designed to simulate a shot from small arms.
Damage from blank cartridges occurs when the weapon is handled ineptly, when fired at point-blank range or at very close range. They can be accompanied by serious and even fatal injuries. Extensive injuries are explained high pressure powder gases and high speed of their movement. Such damage is usually accidental, associated with ignorance of the destructive effect of powder gases.
Vzryvpaket - a pyrotechnic tool designed to simulate explosions of mines, artillery shells, grenades. It is used in tactical exercises and exercises.
The explosive package is explosive, it is intended for outdoor use.
Safety requirements
Only military personnel who are well aware of the device and the rules for handling them can use simulation tools. Violation of the rules often leads to serious consequences (death, injury to people, fires, etc.).
It is strictly forbidden:
- use faulty and worn-out blank cartridges, explosives and other imitation means;
- use bushings for blank firing with faulty threads;
- to fire blank cartridges from training and faulty military weapons;
- to fire with blank cartridges in the direction of people, military equipment, buildings located at a distance of less than 100 meters from the shooter;
- make bundles of explosives to enhance the explosion;
- Throw explosives and shoot at settlements;
- throw explosives closer than 20 meters from the location of people, buildings and flammable objects;
- use explosive packs with faulty or shortened igniter cord;
- hold the explosive package in the hand after ignition of the ignition head.
1. Ammunition at the combat supply point must be stored in boxes (safes) separately by type (boxes or safes with loose cartridges must be locked).
2. It is necessary to protect ammunition from fire, shock, dirt, dampness.
3. When issuing, make sure that there are no combat cartridges among training and blank cartridges.
4. Upon receipt, the ammunition must be inspected individually.
IT IS FORBIDDEN:
Throw ammo boxes;
Open the package by hitting various metal objects;
Heat up, disassemble live ammunition, dismantle cartridge bullets special purpose;
Use ammunition not provided for in the operational and technical documentation on the this species weapons;
Use for shooting in shooting ranges (except for open shooting ranges equipped with an earthen bullet-receiving shaft) cartridges with any types of bullets that are capable of igniting structures (cartridges with tracer, incendiary bullets) or having an armor-piercing effect exceeding established norms strength of bullet receivers, interceptions.
When working with a weapon, an internal affairs officer should not forget the folk wisdom that once a year a stick can shoot. And in our case we are talking about a device specifically designed to kill living flesh. Therefore, the main principle on which the shooter must rely during any contact with any weapon should be the rule:
Any weapon (even if it is a training weapon) should be treated as to charged.
Handling safety precautions (general safety precautions) to be taken for any contact with firearms:
1 picking up a weapon, you should make sure that this weapon is safe (unloaded). To do this, first of all, you need to remove the store, then inspect the chamber. Upon completion of work with weapons, the store joins last;
2. the weapon must be held in a safe direction (it is best to point it forward and upward, at an angle of 40-60 degrees);
3. The shooter must understand what kind of weapon is in front of him (training, gas or combat, serviceable or with defects), what cartridges are in front of him (training, gas, blank or combat);
4. when inspecting a weapon, disassembling and assembling, loading or unloading, presenting it for inspection and performing other priority actions, it is prohibited to shift the weapon from hand to hand;
5. it is necessary to put the weapon with the fuse up, while you need to make sure that it is turned on;
6. the weapon is handed over with the fuse on: - short-barreled - with the barrel down, the handle forward; - long-barreled - barrel up;
7. when working with the components and mechanisms of weapons with springs, precautions should be taken so as not to cause injury to yourself and others (when separating or attaching a bolt to a PM-type weapon, do not let it out of your hands until the intended actions are completed);
8. if there is a weapon in the hands, it is forbidden to put on, adjust, take off earmuffs, clothes, glasses, etc.
9. when shooting with two hands from a weapon with a free movement of the shutter, the press must be such that the shutter does not injure the hands;
10. when shooting from short-barreled weapons such as submachine guns, you must not hold it by the barrel near the muzzle and by the body, where there are moving parts;
11. if for some reason the cartridge was thrown out of the chamber, then the shooting should be continued until all the cartridges are used up, and then, after raising the cartridge, load the weapon with it.
1. Direct execution service tasks weapons must always be loaded and ready for combat use.
2. When receiving ammunition, the employee is obliged to check their quantity and make sure that there are no cracks, signs of corrosion and bruising on the cartridge cases, green plaque and punctures on the primer, and also that the bullet does not stagger and is not recessed in the muzzle of the cartridge case. If these signs are found, report this to the official who issued the ammunition (immediate supervisor).
3. Loading (unloading, inspection) of the weapon is carried out in a safe place equipped with a bullet catcher. Loading (unloading, inspection) of a weapon by an employee is carried out at the command of the unit on duty (controlling person), while the barrel of the weapon must be directed to the bullet catcher.
4. During the performance of official tasks, the employee is prohibited from:
Without the need to send a cartridge into the chamber;
Without the need to get a weapon from a holster;
Disassemble and assemble weapons;
Detach the store and remove ammunition from it;
Train in readiness for shooting;
Leave weapons anywhere and hand them over to other persons,
and also - to take weapons not assigned to him without the permission (instruction) of the head (senior);
Transfer weapons and ammunition to anyone during work;
Transfer weapons during a shift or duty, without observing the procedure for unloading (loading) and inspection, as well as the conditions for its delivery (issue);
Use non-standard weapons and ammunition during the performance of official duties.
5. When firing a warning shot and signaling an alarm, the weapon is directed upwards or to another safe place.
6. After the use of weapons, if the need for further firing is not caused by the situation, immediately put the weapon on the safety lock.
1. The manager and employee, when conducting classes and firing, must comply with the requirements of the Instruction and other regulatory legal acts that determine the procedure for organizing and conducting them.
2. Safety during shooting is ensured by a clear organization of shooting, precise observance, established rules and security measures, as well as the discipline of all employees.
3. An employee who has studied the device of a weapon, methods and rules of firing and has passed tests on safety requirements when handling weapons and ammunition is allowed to shoot. To perform exercises with elements great complexity, using imitation of flashes and sounds of shots, changing the illumination of the shooting gallery, only shooters who have undergone preliminary training are allowed.
4. Cleaning (if necessary) and inspection of weapons before firing is carried out in the place specified (indicated by the head).
5. Training with firearms without cartridges is only permitted in the direction of the targets or in a designated area under the direction of the Range Officer.
6. The number of cartridges loaded into the magazine (drum) of the weapon is determined by the conditions of the exercise being performed.
7. During shooting (classes), the head of shooting:
directs the shooting and controls the actions of the shooters;
Immediately stops firing by giving the commands "Stop!", "Cease fire!" in case of violation of safety requirements by the shooter, in the event of dangerous situation in the shooting sector (appearance of people, etc.) or receiving any signal about a violation of shooting safety, when visibility deteriorates due to conditions not related to the exercise;
Inspects weapons after unloading;
When a shooter is injured (wounded), the leader stops shooting and instructs the doctor to provide first aid.
8. Loading and unloading of the weapon must be carried out only at the command of the ranger, while the barrel of the weapon must be directed towards the targets or in the direction indicated by the ranger.
9. At the end of the shooting (classes), the head of the shooting:
Examines the shooting weapons and magazines;
Organizes the collection of spent cartridges, checks the consumption of ammunition.
10. Shooting is carried out only from the line of opening fire or a firing position in the specified firing sector.
11. An employee carrying out shooting must:
Inspect the weapon before firing and make sure there is no foreign objects(earth, sand, rags, etc.);
Use only serviceable weapons, excluding spontaneous shots;
Advance to the line of fire (firing position) only at the command of the chief of fire;
Report after loading on readiness to fire in the event of a delay and after completing the exercise;
While in the line of fire and not firing, put the safety on the weapon. In some cases, discharge it on command;
Having fired the last shot in the exercise or after giving the general commands “Hang up!”, “Unload!”, unload the weapon at the command of the head of shooting: put the shutter on the shutter delay (open the shutter) and, without leaving your place, present the weapon for inspection.
12. An employee, when using training or blank ammunition, must make sure that there are no live ammunition among them.
13. After classes (shooting), the employee is obliged to immediately hand over to the head of shooting the combat, blank, sports or training ammunition for weapons that he has.
14. When conducting shooting, an employee strictly prohibited :
To fire from a faulty weapon or faulty ammunition;
Load the weapon with live or blank cartridges until the command of the chief of fire "Load!" (“To battle!”) And the “Fire” signal! or outside the line of fire (line of opening fire);
Outside dangerous directions or behind cover, as well as if a dangerous situation has created in the firing zone;
Fire until the command "Fire!" or after the command "Hang up!";
To fire until reaching the line of opening fire or at the line of ceasefire;
Shoot at frames, cables, shield numbers, equipment and equipment of the shooting gallery;
Move forward when firing from a place beyond the front border of the line of fire;
Continue firing after the signal "Hang out" (commands "Cease fire!");
To point weapons at people, to the side and rear of the shooting range (shooting gallery), regardless of whether it is loaded or not;
Leave a loaded weapon anywhere or transfer it to other persons;
Transfer (leave) weapons at the firing position (shooting place) without the command of the shooting leader;
Touch the weapon while in the firing position (direction), in the intervals between series, when there are people in the firing zone;
Leave weapons and ammunition unattended;
Touching or taking the weapon of another employee without the permission of the shooting director;
When shooting in anti-noise headphones, it is forbidden to put them on, adjust and take them off with a weapon in your hands;
Interference (talk loudly) while performing the exercise to another shooter;
use phones cellular communication, pagers while at the starting position or the line of opening fire.
15. During firing, the weapon on the firing line is removed from the safety lock only after the position for shooting and (or) the “Fire” command is accepted (the appearance of targets, subject to the completion of the exercise).
16. Firing by an employee immediately stops at the command “Stop” (“Cease fire!”) Or independently in the following cases:
The appearance of people, cars, animals, aircraft in the firing sector;
At the signal "Hang up";
Giving a signal about the danger of continuing the shooting;
The occurrence of a fire (ignition) on the target field or on the territory of the exit space;
Shooter loss of orientation.
17. During the exercise from a place and on the move, if the shooting is not carried out, the weapon is put on the fuse.
Introduction
The publication is recommended to teachers and instructors of firearms training for conducting classes with cadets and students to study theoretical foundations small arms and during firing; as well as students and cadets, practical workers of law enforcement agencies and security agencies studying firearms training.
The publication addresses a variety of topics such as:
· security measures in handling weapons and ammunition;
· basics of small arms shooting;
· registration, storage and conservation of weapons and ammunition;
· organization and conduct of firing;
· psychological preparation of the shooter;
· material part of small arms, grenade launchers and grenades;
· cleaning and lubricating small arms and grenade launchers,
· checking combat and bringing weapons to normal combat;
· special weapons.
Knowledge of the theoretical foundations of shooting will help to successfully master the practical skills of handling weapons and increase confidence in their actions when handling various types of weapons.
WHERE TO START LEARNING
It would be advisable to start training with a careful study of safety precautions when handling different kind weapons and ammunition. Since these rules were not written by chance, but were the result of injuries, and possibly the death of people in whose hands there were weapons or people with weapons, from whose careless actions others suffered.
GENERAL RULES
FOR ANY TYPE OF FIREARMS
1. Picked up a weapon - check if it is loaded.
2. When handling a weapon, do not point the muzzle towards people, do not aim at another, and do not allow anyone to aim at you.
3. Consider any weapon loaded until you check and unload it yourself.
4. Unloaded a weapon - treat it like a loaded one.
5. When cocking the trigger (when the bolt is retracted), direct the barrel of the weapon only towards the target or upwards.
6. In all cases, do not put your finger on the trigger until it is necessary to open fire.
7. Before training shooting, going to work, wipe the bore of the barrel dry, check for foreign objects in the barrel, make sure that the weapon and equipment for it are in good condition.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION
Basic safety precautions:
Shooting safety is ensured by strict compliance with the requirements normative documents, proper organization firing, high discipline of students.
Everyone must know and unquestioningly observe the established safety measures when handling weapons and ammunition.
Safety during firing is ensured by: clear and competent management of the events; serviceability of weapons, imitation tools, bullet receivers and fire-fighting equipment, as well as means of amplifying speech and issuing commands.
Range boundaries open type are marked on the ground with inscriptions: "Shooting range", "Stop, shoot", "Passage and passage is prohibited", which are installed within good visibility, as well as at the intersection of paths and roads leading to the shooting range. If necessary, the boundaries of the shooting range (shooting range) can be dug in trenches. All roads and hiking trails are blocked by barriers or other barriers. In addition, in the settlements closest to the shooting range (shooting range), announcements are posted in Russian and the local (national) languages about the prohibition to enter, enter the territory of the shooting range (shooting range) during the shooting.
Unauthorized persons should not uncontrollably enter the areas of organization and conduct of firing.
Permission to open fire is given only by the chief of fire or his assistant. It is allowed to fire on commands "Fire" or "Forward". Shooting stops on command "Stop", "Stop, cease fire" or "Hang up".
When shooting in anti-noise headphones, it is forbidden to put them on, adjust and take them off with a weapon in your hands.
When performing special exercises related to turns, turns, somersaults, jumps, the weapon must be put on safety until the moment of opening fire.
When moving during exercises, when performing actions with weapons, as well as in pauses between shots when firing a pistol for an unlimited time, the weapon must be directed forward and up.
Firing by all shooters must immediately stop on their own or at the command of the chief of fire in the following cases:
¨ the appearance of people, cars or animals on the target field, as well as low-flying aircraft over the shooting area;
¨ raising a white flag (lantern) at a command post or dugout (shelter);
¨ fire from shooting.
It is forbidden:
¨ open the weapon or remove it from the holster without the permission of the chief of firing;
¨ to point the weapon, whether it is loaded or not, in the direction where people are, or in the direction of them possible appearance;
¨ load weapons with live or blank cartridges without the command of the chief of firing;
¨ to open and fire without the command of the head of firing, from a faulty weapon, in dangerous directions, with a white flag (lantern) raised at the command post of the shooting range (shooting range);
¨ to leave a loaded weapon on the firing line or anywhere else, as well as pass it on to others.
Safety measures when firing from combat hand firearms:
¨ When shooting with two hands from a weapon with a free stroke of the bolt, the grip must be such that the bolt does not injure the hands.
¨ When firing from short-barreled weapons such as Kedr, Cypress, Klin, PP-90 and PP-93 submachine guns, you cannot hold it by the barrel near the muzzle and by the body, where there are moving parts.
¨ If for some reason the cartridge was thrown out of the chamber, then shooting should be continued until all the cartridges are used up, and then, after raising the cartridge, load the weapon with it.
¨ Do not use ammunition if: there is rust, dents or green deposits on the case; the bullet wobbles in the muzzle of the case; the primer protrudes above the surface of the bottom of the case.
SECURITY MEASURES
WHEN ON SERVICE WITH A WEAPON:
¨ weapons are issued to the employee personally under his responsibility;
¨ it can be transferred to another person only by order of the senior order or in cases specially stipulated by the prescriptions of regulatory enactments;
¨ during the service for the protection of public order, weapons are not transferred to anyone;
¨ in the process of escorting detainees and persons taken into custody, during the inspection of the cells, a special car, other vehicles and premises where the escorted are kept or placed, weapons are handed over to the head of the escort (senior escort). The transferring weapon must warn that it is loaded (unloaded);
¨ the receiver of the weapon must personally make sure that it is on the safety;
¨ weapons under no pretext can be transferred to citizens;
¨ the pistol is worn in a holster, carrying a pistol in trouser pockets is strictly prohibited;
¨ before escorting detainees, especially dangerous criminals, on foot, as well as when performing escort service in courts, the pistol holster must be unbuttoned and moved on the waist belt to the side opposite from the guarded one;
¨ during the service it is forbidden: to disassemble the weapon, unnecessarily remove the safety catch, retract the bolt, send the cartridge into the chamber, separate the magazine and remove the cartridges from it.
Safety requirements for shooting.
Personnel who have not mastered the safety requirements are not allowed to fire and maintain fire.
Each soldier must strictly and unquestioningly comply with the established safety requirements when firing.
Movement at the military shooting range is permitted only along the roads and in areas that are determined by the commander of the formation (military unit) or the head to whom the military shooting range is assigned.
Forbidden conducting shooting in conditions of limited visibility, if the main and dangerous directions of firing are not observed from the position of the head of firing on the site. Permission to open fire at a military shooting range is given by the senior head of shooting.
Forbidden enter (drive) into areas where there are unexploded grenades and other explosive objects. These areas must be marked in a timely manner with pointers and signs with appropriate warnings.
Forbidden touch unexploded grenades, other explosive objects and imitations. Report each unexploded grenade to the senior shooting leader and the head of the military shooting range, in accordance with the established procedure.
When throwing combat hand grenades, it is allowed to insert a fuse only before throwing them at the command of the shooting leader. Carry live hand grenades outside grenade bags prohibited.
It is allowed to leave the shelter after 10-20 seconds after the explosion of a defensive grenade.
If a loaded combat grenade was not thrown (the safety pin was not removed), it should be unloaded only on command and under the direct supervision of the firing leader.
When firing from a helicopter in flight and from a model helicopter (simulator), load the weapon, shoot, unload and inspect it with the weapon installed on the bracket and at the command (signal) of the shooting leader on the helicopter (simulator).
Get up from their seats and move in the cockpit of a helicopter to personnel prohibited.
Firing by each shooter must immediately stop independently or at the command of the shooting leader in the following cases:
the appearance of people, cars or animals on the target field, low-flying aircraft over the firing area;
grenades falling outside the safe zone or near the dugout occupied by people, and loss of communication with the dugout;
raising a white flag (lantern) at the command post or in the dugout, as well as giving another established ceasefire signal from the dugout (explosion package, smoke bombs, rockets, etc.);
report or submission from the cordon post of the established signal about the danger of continuing firing;
fire on the target field.
load weapons with live and blank cartridges, as well as live and inert grenades until the sound signal "THE FIRE"(teams of the leader, commander);
direct weapons at people, to the side and to the rear of a military shooting range, regardless of whether it is loaded or not;
open and fire from faulty weapons, faulty ammunition, in dangerous firing directions, with a white flag raised at a command (district) post and shelters (dugouts);
leave a loaded weapon anywhere or hand it over to other persons, leave a weapon in a firing position (shooting place) without a command from the firing leader in the area (commander);
enter (leave) the sections of the military shooting range (training facility) where there are unexploded combat grenades and other explosive objects; these areas are restricted areas and must be fenced off, marked with signs and signs with appropriate warnings, for example: "Dangerous! Unexploded grenade, do not touch!;
disassemble combat grenades and troubleshoot them;
touch unexploded grenades, shells and other explosive objects; each unexploded grenade (shell) immediately after detection must be marked with a pointer with a warning inscription and reported to the head of the military shooting range.
It is prohibited in peacetime to use for shooting:
7.62 mm cartridges mod. 1943 with an incendiary bullet (З) and a bimetallic sleeve (ГЖ);
7.62 mm rifle cartridges with a light bullet (L) and a bimetallic sleeve (GZh) or a brass sleeve (GL), as well as a heavy bullet (D) and a bimetallic sleeve (GZH) or a brass sleeve (GL).
2.1. Ammo Inspection
Cartridges must be inspected before firing, when joining the outfit and by order of the commanders.
When inspecting cartridges, check:
are there any rust and bruises on the sleeves, is the bullet staggering in the muzzle of the sleeve;
whether there is a green coating on the primer, whether the primer protrudes above the surface of the bottom of the sleeve;
Are there any training cartridges among the combat cartridges?
All defective cartridges are returned to the warehouse. If the cartridges are dusty and dirty, covered with a slight green coating or rust, they must be wiped with a dry, clean rag. It is forbidden to wipe cartridges with oiled rags and to equip magazines that are richly lubricated inside with cartridges.
|
Shop Equipment Equipping the magazine with cartridges from the clip:
Ammo clip equipment: |
2.2. Outfitting the shop in the classic way To equip the store, you need to take the store in your left hand with the neck up and the convex side to the left, and in your right hand - cartridges with bullets to the little finger so that the bottom of the sleeve rises slightly above the big and index fingers. Holding the magazine with a slight inclination to the left, press the thumb to insert cartridges one at a time under the bends of the side walls with the bottom of the sleeve towards back wall shop. 2.3. Clip magazine equipment To equip the magazine with cartridges from the clip, you must: take the magazine (1) in your left hand. With your right hand, attach the adapter (2) to it so that its bends fit into the corresponding grooves on the neck of the magazine; holding the magazine in your left hand, insert the clip (3) with cartridges (4) into the adapter with your right hand, while the cartridges should be directed with bullets up; pressing the index finger of the right hand on the case of the sleeve (near the bottom) of the upper cartridge and passing the clip between the middle and index fingers, drown the cartridges in the magazine; remove an empty clip from the adapter, insert a new clip with cartridges and reload the magazine; remove the adapter from the store. Using a clip speeds up the loading of the magazine with ammo. 2.4. Ammo clip equipment To equip the clip with cartridges, insert it into the adapter so that it enters the grooves of the adapter and rests against its stop (Fig. a). |
Holding the clip with the adapter put on in the left hand, with the right hand, holding the cartridge by the bullet and upper part sleeves with three fingers (thumb, index and middle), insert it into the grooves of the holder.
The clip can be equipped with cartridges without an adapter; to do this, take the clip in the left hand, and the cartridge in the right; pressing the spring hook, insert the bullet between the clip and the spring (drown the hook); insert the cartridges into the grooves of the holder (fig. b); remove the cartridge bullet from under the clip spring.
2.5. Fulfillment of the standard for fire training: “Equipment of the magazine (tape) with cartridges”
Features of developing standards for fire training
Standards in the course of classes and trainings are worked out using serviceable training (combat) machine guns (machine guns) and training cartridges.
The weapon must be fully equipped with accessories, stowed in their places.
Training on the implementation of standards related to the disassembly and assembly of weapons, the equipment of tapes (magazines) is carried out only on training weapons and training ammunition at a separate training place. In exceptional cases, it is allowed to comply with the standards for disassembling and assembling weapons using a combat weapon assigned to military personnel, subject to special rules for careful handling of it.
The standard is considered to be fulfilled if the conditions for its implementation are observed during the work and there were no violations of safety requirements, as well as charters, manuals, instructions and guidelines.
If, during the development of the standard, the trainee makes at least one mistake that could lead to injury (damage) to personnel, damage to weapons or an accident, the standard is terminated and the trainee is assessed as "unsatisfactory".
For violation of the sequence of compliance with the standard, which did not lead to accidents, breakdown (damage) of weapons, as well as for each mistake that leads to a violation of the conditions for fulfilling the standard, the requirements of charters, manuals, manuals, instructions, the score is reduced by one point.
When meeting the standards in skin protection equipment (OZK, L-1, etc.), the time increases by 25%, and when working in respiratory protection equipment (gas mask, respirator) - by 10%.
At an air temperature of minus 10°C and below, plus 30°C and above, with heavy rain, snowfall, the time to comply with the standards increases to 20%, and when operating at night, if the time for night conditions is not determined, it increases to 30% .
Technical malfunctions of weapons discovered during the implementation of the standard are not eliminated (if they do not interfere with the implementation of the standard). After completing the standard, the trainee reports on the identified malfunctions.
The time for fulfilling the standard by the military is counted by a stopwatch from the moment the command “To fulfill the standard - PROCEED” (or another established command) is given until the moment the standard is met and the trainee reports on its implementation.
The procedure for determining the assessment for the implementation of standards
If the standard is worked out several times during the training process, then the mark for its implementation is determined by the last result shown or by the result of a control attempt.
An individual assessment for a serviceman for fulfilling several standards for firearms training is determined by the assessments received for the implementation of each standard, and is considered:
|
"Great" |
if at least 90% of the tested standards are rated positively, while at least 50% of the standards are rated "excellent" |
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"Good" |
if at least 80% of the tested standards are rated positively, while at least 50% of the standards are rated at least “good” |
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"satisfactorily" |
if at least 70% of the standards are assessed positively, and when assessed according to three standards, two are positively assessed, one of them is not lower than “good” |
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"unsatisfactory" |
The assessment for the implementation of single standards for a unit is derived from the individual assessments of the trainees and is determined by:
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"Great" |
if at least 90% of the trainees received positive marks, while at least 50% of the trainees received the mark "excellent" |
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"Good" |
if at least 80% of the trainees received positive marks, while at least 50% of the trainees received a mark of at least “good” |
|
"satisfactorily" |
if at least 70% of students received positive marks |
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"unsatisfactory" |
if the conditions for the assessment "satisfactory" are not met |
Standard: "Equipment of the magazine (tape) with cartridges"
Conditions, procedure for implementation and guidelines for the development of the standard
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Name of the standard |
Equipment store (tape) cartridges |
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Conditions for fulfilling the standard |
The trainee is in front of the table (clean bedding), on which the magazine and training cartridges (in bulk) are laid out. |
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The order of implementation of the standard |
The head of the lesson gives the command: "To the equipment of the store - PROCEED". When equipping the magazine, the trainee takes the magazine in his left hand, and equips it with training cartridges with his right hand. He controls the completeness of the magazine's equipment with cartridges through the control hole on the back wall of the magazine housing. The time is counted from the command of the leader of the lesson “To equip the store (tape) - START” until the report of the trainee “READY”. |
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Guidelines for the development of the standard |
To work out the standard, only training cartridges are used, and magazines are allowed to be used from combat weapons assigned to military personnel. |
The order of implementation of the standard
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Actions |
Actions |
Order |
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1. Gives the command: "To the equipment of the store - PROCEED". Includes stopwatch. Supervises the implementation of the standard. Fixes errors that reduce the rating. |
1. When equipping the store with 30 cartridges: |
|
|
equips the machine shop (light machine gun) with 30 training cartridges |
The trainee takes the magazine in his left hand with the neck up and the convex side to the left, and in his right hand - cartridges with bullets to the little finger so that the bottom of the cartridge case slightly rises above the thumb and forefinger. Holding the magazine with a slight inclination to the left, press the thumb to insert cartridges one by one under the bends of the side walls with the bottom of the sleeve to the rear wall of the magazine. Reports to the head of the lesson on the fulfillment of the standard, for example: "READY". |
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2. Having received the report “READY” from the trainee, stops the stopwatch. |
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Temporary indicators and assessment for the implementation of the standard
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Equipment |
Estimate by time (min. seconds) |
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"Great" |
"Good" |
"satisfactorily" |
|
|
Magazine 30 rounds |
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Further actions that are not included in the terms of the standard
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Actions |
Actions |
Order |
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Gives a command, for example: "Store (tape) - UNLOAD". Controls the order in which the receive is executed. Fixes errors. |
1. When removing cartridges from the magazine: |
|
|
removes ammo from the magazine |
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