The basement of the house requires reliable protection against moisture penetration, wetting, sun rays and mechanical damage. To obtain a solid foundation and a uniform weight load, various facing materials are used. In this article, we will analyze in detail how to veneer the basement of a house, provide a description of the materials, their advantages and disadvantages.
The most reliable type is the sinking base. Its device perfectly protects the structure from mechanical and atmospheric damage, and for its device there is no need to build a drain. The western view looks great and complements the building.
The protruding base is equipped in frame houses with thin walls. This type requires a drain device to remove precipitation from the foundation as much as possible.
An important point in the construction of the basement is its waterproofing. Before choosing a facing material, the following points should be considered:
Facing the basement of the house and what material is better to choose this question arises for each owner country house. We offer to consider popular materials for finishing the foundation.
Plaster is used for any type of building. This mixture is in good contact with other building materials. The advantage of plastering is:
The finishing process consists of simple steps:
The photo shows the plastered facade
For cladding the basement, siding panels designed for these works are used. The advantage of such a facade is:
Among the shortcomings can be noted:
Facing the facade with siding should be after:
For your information. AT recent times manufacturers began to produce brick panels. This finish looks very beautiful and original. The product resembles a stone, sometimes it is even difficult to distinguish it. This similarity is achieved by the fact that in the production of siding panels they make an impression that clearly conveys the entire structure and roughness of the stone. The photo shows a panel element under the rubble stone.
Facing the foundation of the house artificial stone optimal and inexpensive option. The lined facade of the house has the following advantages:
Disadvantages of artificial stone:
Natural stone for facade cladding will increase the cost of purchasing materials. It is worth noting that manufacturers have learned to produce artificial stone, appearance which does not differ and completely resembles the structure of the natural. The facade with its use looks natural and natural. The photo shows a stone facade
Not everyone can do stone laying on their own. As a rule, specialists are attracted for such work.
Facing the basement with clinker tiles will cost almost the same as brickwork. This material has a number of advantages:
For information! Clinker tiles can give an interesting appearance to the facade of a private house. With the right installation of products, it is difficult to distinguish it from natural stone.
It is worth noting that clinker tiles allow you to perform additional decoration of walls and even corners of the building. The material blends perfectly with the tiles and gives the house an attractive appearance.
When laying it, a special adhesive is used that is resistant to freezing. The tile is glued like a regular tile, the only thing is there is a small nuance, the ground level is variable around the entire perimeter of the building. Before laying, it is necessary to seal the seams with grouting mortar.
In the photo, the front part, finished with clinker tiles
For information! Clinker tiles are perfectly combined and get along with other building materials.
The most economical option for facing the facade of a building is the use of corrugated board. To perform the work, a galvanized or polymer-coated product is used. Such cladding reliably protects the foundation from destruction and has a long service life.
The surface of the material is resistant to corrosion processes. To fix the corrugated board, waterproofing, thermal insulation and fasteners will be required. The end result is quite attractive. The photo shows a house sheathed with corrugated board
The ebb device is able to reliably protect the protruding part of the foundation from moisture and water. Castings are made from different materials:
As we see, there is a large number of options for lining the basement of a house. The choice of material directly depends on the financial possibilities and features of the project of a private house.
The socle is called the lower part of the foundation of the facade. It is designed to protect the walls from dirt and mechanical damage, as well as to raise the house to optimal height e.g. for flood protection.
In the question of how to finish the basement, it is important to choose durable materials, which will not only give an aesthetic design to the belt, but also make it more functional and easy to maintain.
According to building codes, the height of the decorative basement of the house should not be lower than 50-70 cm, but there are times when it is raised to a height of 150 cm from the soil surface. This is justified in the case of basements and garages under the building. Do-it-yourself decorative finishing of the basement solves the following tasks:
In spite of obvious benefits, the use of finishing may cause condensation on the surface of the basement walls. How does this happen? Water vapor that forms in the interior of the room escapes to the outside, falling on the waterproof barrier that the finish serves. The low hydrophobicity of the finishing material can also lead to its peeling off in winter.
To avoid this, it is necessary to follow the rules for the compatibility of the plinth structure and finishes. For example, paint is well compatible with brick, but unnatural for concrete pavement. This must be taken into account when choosing finishing materials.
The main advantage that plastic panels demonstrate is the absence of wet work. Panels are attached to the surface of the facade of a private house with a wooden or metal frame. After mounting it, a starting profile is installed in the lower part of the structure. Then, using the tenon-groove method, the rest of the material is installed.
Plinth processing plastic panels on outside depends on its shape. If it is built in the form of a ledge, then it is necessary to apply a special ebb; if it is built flush with the wall, then a transition bar is needed, which will connect the panels and the finishing material of the upper part of the facade of the house.
Finishing the protruding part of the foundation with panels, you must adhere to the following rules:
This material consists of small grains with a diameter of 0.8 to 3.0 mm, which, after being applied to the surface of the foundation of a private house, give the impression of a multi-colored mosaic. Its main component is resin, which protects the base from the penetration of moisture into it from the outside, but releases steam masses from its inner part.
Before treating the wall with decorative plaster, you can prepare the surface with cement or gypsum plaster. This is optional, as it normally interacts with concrete as well. The preparatory mortar is used to level the surface and to improve adhesion. Using the material, it is necessary to avoid contact with lime or heat-saving plaster.
Decorative plaster is applied to the surface of the foundation of a private house by hand.
The only tool that is used is a stainless steel grater. The mass is thrown onto the wall with a layer of thickness equal to the size of the grains included in its composition. Before it dries, the mass must be evenly smoothed with a grater.
The movements of the grater must be made in one direction. To avoid the appearance of transitions between plaster strokes, it is better to work in the “wet on wet” way. After completion of work, the base must be protected with a water repellent for several days from the harmful effects of the sun and rain.
Tiles are used to imitate natural surfaces - stone, brick, etc. Its advantage is a thinner surface and quick installation. To finish the foundation, the following tiles are produced:
Clinker tiles imitate the surface of a brick. It exactly repeats its dimensions, except for the thickness. In the installation of the material, it is important to correctly lay out the first row.
To do this, you need to calculate the level of the calculation. The calculation is done as follows: divide the height of the base by the width of the tile, increased by the width of the seam. If you get an empty gap, after all the tiles have been laid out, it can be sealed with acrylic or polyurethane mass.
On the foundation wooden house stone tiles are mounted in the same way as clinker tiles. It is alternately laid out on the surface of the foundation, fastening the material with an adhesive solution.
It is important to use special glue for working with stone, otherwise the structure may become cracked. If small-format tiles are mounted, then it is customary to leave seams of 5 mm between its elements, and 10 mm between large ones. At the final stage, they are sealed with frost-resistant jointing material.
Polymer sand tiles imitate torn stone or brickwork. Its advantage is its low weight, so the material can be used to finish a wooden house. Such a tile is mounted with screws to the crate. Between it and a layer of material, it is advisable to make insulation.
Name DSP material stands for cement-bonded particle board. Their main advantage is low cost and fire resistance.
DSP panel properties make it suitable option for finishing a country, wooden house. It is resistant to termites and rodents, which is also important for private homes. The material consists of cement, wood shavings, as well as mineralizing additives. They make the panels resistant to the spread of fungus and mold.
DSP is not only a finishing material, but also additional basement insulation wooden structure. Insulation for the basement is important if it houses a basement.
By choosing insulation with the help of DSP, the developer receives better thermal insulation than it gives mineral wool or foam. At the same time, the design of the DSP does not require additional decor.
DSP is mounted on brackets or bars. This method allows you to expand the insulation under the stove. It is attached with dowels-fungi. Then a wind barrier is installed, which is also fastened with fungi. Next, the crate is mounted. It is necessary to leave a gap of 10 mm between the frame and the wind barrier. At the end, the DSP is attached to the insulation using self-tapping screws.
Sheathing with corrugated board is suitable for arranging the basement of a wooden building, as this material allows you to extend the life of the vulnerable to external factors wood. For these purposes, galvanized sheets of the bearing type are used. Sheathing with corrugated board is done like this:
If the design is used for sheathing brick foundation, then the insulation is made using drywall, wood, a special film.
Owners of private houses know that decorative trim foundation is an inevitable procedure, but many believe that it is the prerogative of specialists. However, everything can be done with your own hands, for this you only need to strictly follow the instructions.
For decorative finishing of the foundations, you will need the following tools:
Finishing the foundation is most often carried out by plastering, followed by painting.
This refers, of course, to the basement of the house. Plastering is by far the most common and most in an inexpensive way foundation finishes. How is plastering done?
In order for the foundation to be durable and there will be no further problems with the base, the surface on which the decorative layer will be applied must be protected. First of all, you need to make a blind area. Even if you choose the most inexpensive, it will perfectly protect the surface of the basement from water and dirt, and also soften the effect of temperature changes on the foundation.
Plastering is the easiest and cheap way"Clog" the pores, strengthen and level the surface and protect it from cracking. In order to enhance the water-repellent properties, a plasticizer must be added to the cement-lime mortar. Waterproofing is an optional process. It is needed if it is planned or a planed dry board, but it will not hurt, as it extends the life of the building. If you need to protect the base from moisture, then you can use two layers of roofing material for this.
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Before proceeding with the decorative finishing of the foundation with plaster, it is necessary to eliminate all existing defects that may adversely affect the quality of the plaster. The surface must be free of dirt, greasy spots and dust. Then you need to “shoot” the chain-link mesh, for this you use metal dowels. This creates a plaster base, you can still cover the surface with a layer of mortar.
In order to be of high quality, you should study the work according to the classical technology: first, a primer layer is applied, then it needs to be allowed to dry, roughened, and then you can make a “scrub” (that is, apply a decorative layer directly). It should be noted that plaster is not the most an expensive option finishes, so do not limit yourself from an aesthetic point of view.
It is necessary to choose decorative plaster and apply it with a “spray”, for this you need to use a trowel or sprayer. Thus, a colored “coat” is created with the help of pigments. When finishing the base, the marble and granite texture looks very beautiful. This is done in the following way. Apply to the prepared surface cement mortar, then a decorative layer containing the filler is applied. The surface of the plinth is leveled, cleaned and compacted by special stamping.
Finishing the basement can be done with rustication or squares. This is done as follows: the surface is divided into fields, and a pattern is applied that imitates masonry. Rusts imitate the seams between the stones, for a greater effect, iron strips can be filled. The most popular types of rustication are: Roman, chipped, rectangular, rounded, beveled, grooved, prismatic.
If after plastering the foundation is painted, then only resistant paint should be used for these purposes. Thanks to this, the house will look well-groomed and the humidity in the room will be significantly reduced.
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It also remains one of the most common. For this, it is best to use natural stones, but artificial ones can also be used for this. The house, which is lined with stone, has an impressive appearance, it looks very massive, so it becomes attractive in appearance and reliable.
This foundation finish is good for everyone, but there are some drawbacks: this procedure is far from the cheapest, the laboriousness of the work is also impressive. Finishing is especially expensive. natural stone, however, the use of artificial stone can "eat" a large share of the budget. In order to save money, you can choose to finish the foundation basement with granite, slate or limestone.
Decorative stone trim has one more rather significant drawback: if the lower part of the building is heavily "weighted", then it turns out to be narrower towards the top. Thus, when decorative, not only skill is provided in performing construction works, but engineering thought should also work.
Stone cladding begins with the fact that you need to make a support frame (it is made of hooks, wooden pegs and a reinforced lattice), and then they are attached individual elements. In order to fix heavy stones, you need to follow certain rules:
It can also be done with adhesive solutions. It should be noted the advantages of artificial analogues: cost (it is several times lower than that of natural stone), low weight (this greatly facilitates finishing work), the relief is as close as possible to the original. Facing with artificial stone involves compliance with installation technologies ceramic tiles without attaching the material to the honeycomb frame.
Special relief on the inside of the tiles provides quality surface and excellent adhesion. Thus, you can count on the fact that such a cladding will not fall off after several years of operation.
Finally, it should be noted that decorating the basement is necessary not only for aesthetics, but also so that the humidity in the room is lower.
Good day. Bought not too long ago country cottage area 20 acres with two buildings - brick house and small wooden building for guests. AT general view, both houses are in decent condition, without serious damage to building and finishing materials. The only problem - . In both cases, it was partially missing or damaged. At the moment, I'm interested in how to inexpensively finish the basement of a brick and wooden house? I wouldn’t want to spend much money, because the buildings are quite big size and enough material is needed. If it’s not difficult, they could not tell us the nuances of mounting these materials.
Hello. As far as I understand from your description, both buildings have a tape type foundation.
For brick house it would be necessary to remove the rebounded sections of plaster or beat off the entire old finish completely. In the case of a wooden structure, it is better to produce complete dismantling cladding, as according to your criteria, the cheapest way is to perform sheathing or imitation of natural coating.
How this was done is not clear to you, but I think that the quality of the surface has become much better. Additionally, before describing the cladding technology, I will talk in more detail about preparing the surface for further finishing work.
At least in your case important criterion is the availability and cheapness of the material, I strongly recommend not to make a choice of coating only on the basis of these factors.
The protruding type of construction is most exposed to precipitation and the environment
Finishing the plinth is not easy decorative cladding outer surface. AT this case the material plays the role of not just facing and performs a number of tasks:
Taking into account and taking into account this information it is possible to significantly extend the service life of the supporting base, avoid the formation of "cold bridges", reduce the cost of seasonal surface repair and heating of the building.
The most popular materials for finishing the basement of buildings
The materials used for cladding and sheathing the basement of the house can be conditionally classified into two groups. The first is facing coatings, which are installed on a liquid base in the form of plaster, cement-sand mixture, etc. The second is facing coverings that are installed on a pre-mounted frame or crate.
This is a conditional division, since the use of various materials primarily depends on the cost and requirements that apply to it.
In your case, given that the lining of the basement of the house should be inexpensive and affordable, you can use the following materials:
These are far from all the coatings that can be used in the work, but they are quite enough for lining the basement, both brick and wooden structure. If you still take into account the time costs, then it makes sense to collect and prepare a sufficient amount of natural stone.
This approach is not simple, but can be used in areas where you can get yourself a stone such as limestone, shell rock or sandstone.
Below is a table showing average cost cladding material. For the calculation, 1 sq / m2 was taken, as a more convenient value for evaluation.
Technology for performing work using the starting and decorative plaster is the easiest to implement. As a plaster composition, you can use ordinary plaster for outdoor work, bark beetle plaster, plaster with marble chips etc.
With due diligence, you can imitate natural stone, clinker or masonry bricks.
For finishing work, you will need to prepare the necessary plaster composition. For normal alignment, you will need to purchase cement-sand mixtureМ300-500, dry composition for starting plastering works, facade paint for outdoor work, antiseptic composition, reinforcing mesh with cells 10 × 10 mm and wire thickness up to 1 mm.
When creating a decorative layer, you will need special decorative mixtures, which are sold ready-made. It can be "bark beetle" from various manufacturers, finishing putty, etc.
The solution is applied with any convenient spatula. A rule is used for alignment. The texture is created using a wooden trowel.
Cleaning and treatment of the working surface with a solution of penetrating primer
Consistently, the work on facing the basement with a plaster composition will be carried out in several stages:
The mixing of the plaster mortar is carried out in two approaches, after which it is completely ready for application.
Alignment of linear guides and application of plaster mixture
Finishing stage - moistening and grouting the plastered surface
Finishing and imitation of a brick or natural stone is carried out at the stage of leveling the composition. So, on a still fresh surface, the rule is passed. Next, the seams are stitched with a small object 1-1.5 cm wide.
After the formation of the required number of seams, a coarse brush is passed over the surface. This will give the required invoice. The process is repeated over the entire area of the basement. Facade paint is used as a finish.
The formation and imitation of masonry is carried out at a similar stage. For this plaster mixture superimposed. Further, an arbitrary semicircular or flat shape stone and produce jointing. As finish coat, to give certain shades, you can use paint for outdoor work.
In some residential buildings, the plinth is part of the foundation, while in others it rises above it. It distributes the load from the walls to the foundation and performs the functions of an external subfloor fence. And the decorative finish of the basement of a private house protects it and the entire lower part of the building from moisture, dirt and various mechanical influences. The choice of lining material should be approached as thoughtfully as possible.
The main purpose of finishing the basement is to protect the foundation and the lower part of the wall of the house from above from moisture. But the aesthetics of the appearance of the facade should not be forgotten either. When choosing a finishing material and cladding, it is often necessary to take care of only the first of these factors. But you want to get the decor not only durable and reliable, but also beautiful.
The basement of a private house can be:
Speakers;
flush with the wall;
sinking.
Types of plinth: 1-Protruding, 2-Level, 3-Western
The most inconvenient option for cladding is flush with the wall. It is problematic to mount thermal insulation material and finish on such a foundation.
The most reliable and practical is the sinking base. It is best to design a house with him. It will last the longest. Above such a base, you don’t even have to equip an ebb to protect against rain, spending materials and money.
Materials for the exterior cladding of the plinth, having various characteristics and appearance, there are a lot in stores now.
According to the latter indicator, when choosing a finish, designers recommend focusing on the contrast between the basement and wall cladding. If the wall is smooth, then the texture base should be made embossed. And vice versa.
The first among all the options for facing the foundation and basement of a private house in terms of sophistication and environmental friendliness is natural stone. But it is also the most expensive finishing material. They sell it in the form of tiles from:
Sandstone;
Limestone;
The surface of the stone can be rough, matte or polished. For the installation of such a cladding, cement mortar is used. If a porous material is chosen for finishing, then before gluing a stone with inside coated for waterproofing with water-repellent compounds. Otherwise, moisture will penetrate into the pores and destroy the tile.
Among the minuses of this plinth cladding can be noted:
Increased labor intensity of work;
The high cost of consumables.
However, the facade trimmed with natural stone looks chic. It emphasizes the high status of the owner of a private house and reflects his impeccable taste.
The stone goes well with facade plaster
Wild stone calmly endures the effects of bad weather. The foundation material after facing them appears reliable protection from rain and frost. This finish is very durable. However, if any of the stones collapses, then for repair it will be necessary to tear off several glued side by side from the base at once.
It will be impossible to replace only one tile. And when choosing this finishing material in a store, you should be careful not to take stones from different batches. Even mined in the same quarry, they can vary slightly in shade. It is unlikely that anyone will like the facade of the house, at the base of which there is a patchwork cladding.
Moss on the stone of finishing the basement of the house should not be afraid and shy. Facing materials they will definitely not be destroyed. It will only give the appearance of the building some chic and antiquity. The only trouble that can happen with such a basement finish is efflorescence. But it's really hard to fight them.
In second place in terms of price among the materials of the basement finish is clinker tiles. It is decorative, practical and quite expensive. She often performs not only the lining of the basement, but also the decoration of the walls or corners of the house.
Finishing the facade and foundation with clinker tiles of various colors
Externally facade tiles for the foundation they resemble clinker. But this brick is a rather expensive material. It will be cheaper for the plinth to take clinker tiles instead, which have a wide range of shades. No wonder architects love to use it for street decoration of cottages. Under its natural shades, there are no problems with tiles, cladding made of wood and other materials.
Installation of clinker tiles is carried out by means of frame system on the base or directly on the surface of the foundation of the house by gluing with frost-resistant glue. The first option is more expensive, but allows you to lay under the frame thermal insulation material. If the basement is made warm, then you should definitely take a closer look at such a cladding with insulation for the basement of the house.
Finishing the basement, the underlying foundation and the walls of the cottage with decorative plaster is carried out only after preliminary preparation of the surfaces to be decorated. They are subject to thorough cleaning, leveling and coating with primers. And for internal reinforcement of this finish, a reinforcing fiberglass mesh is attached under it. If fiberglass is not used, then the plaster decor of the basement will quickly crack.
When properly mixed and applied, plaster on the street will last for several years. This material will be inexpensive, but facing the basement will take a lot of time. The solution often has to be laid in several layers. And paint or whitewash is still applied on top.
In terms of practicality, street decoration in the form of decorative plaster loses before other materials. But it allows you to paint the base with any color at least several times a year, thus updating the appearance of the house. Modern facade plaster not afraid of precipitation and low temperatures. But without a water-repellent layer, such a finish will slowly begin to collapse.
The easiest way to cover the plinth is with PVC panels. Outwardly, they can imitate the most various materials. It is possible for any style in the exterior to find a plastic finish for the plinth under stone, wood or brickwork. It will not look so natural and beautiful, but it will cost many times cheaper than other analogues.
However, choosing given material, one nuance must be taken into account. There are different types of plastic siding.
Those that are intended for facades on the house are not recommended for finishing the basement. They are thinner and less impact resistant. For the basement cladding, it is necessary to choose a more wear-resistant version of the PVC material.
Installation of siding panels on the plinth is carried out using guides. For docking among themselves, these trim elements have grooves and ridges along the edges. Installation is extremely simple. And if the panel gets damaged over time, then it will not be difficult to replace it. The maintainability of this type of cladding is excellent. Finishing material for partial replacement basement decor can be found quickly.
In many regions, such a finish is cheaper than plaster. Plus, the installation of siding is the simplest, in comparison with all other options for decorating the basement. Of the tools for cladding, you only need a screwdriver and scissors for cutting material. And in case of contamination, the plastic used to finish the plinth is easy to clean.
In the photo, the house is sheathed with siding, and the basement is covered with tile panels
Any material presented can be fixed to the foundation as a skin. Each has its own advantages. Finishing the basement with some is cheaper, while others are more beautiful and durable. Much when choosing depends on the financial capabilities of the owner of the cottage and his preferences. For frame buildings siding is more suitable, and for brick or concrete tiles it is better to take clinker or natural stone tiles.
The main thing is that the decoration is in harmony with the decor of the rest of the facade. On the one hand, it should look different from what the wall is finished with. And on the other hand, to be an integral part of the overall appearance of the building.
