Petunias have a fairly long growing season. From sowing seeds to the appearance of the first flowers, an average of 70 - 80 days passes. Therefore, it is usually grown through seedlings. Under favorable conditions for growing petunia seedlings, this period can be slightly reduced, and under unfavorable conditions, the flowers will bloom a little later.
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The plant is unpretentious, can grow almost anywhere and blooms until frost. But the bushes will be even more powerful and spreading, and the flowering will be more abundant and brighter if the petunia is planted on favorable days according to the lunar calendar. Below are just such calendars with favorable planting days for January, February, March and April 2019.
January is not the best time to plant flowers. The days are still short, the sun is scarce and grow good seedlings It won't work without additional lighting. At this time, seedlings are planted for sale, but if you are going to plant flowers for yourself, then it is better to do this in late February - March.
Most auspicious days for planting petunias according to the lunar calendar in January 2019 will be - January 1, 2, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24 January.
By Lunar sowing calendar, it is strongly not recommended to plant plants during the period of the full moon and new moon. In January 2019, the full moon will be on January 21st. The new moon will be on January 6, but it is not recommended to work with plants the day before and the day after the new moon, that is, January 5, 6 and 7.
| January | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu | Fri | Sat | Sun |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 |
| 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |||
At the end of February, the days become noticeably longer, there is more sun and it is already possible to start planting seedlings of flowers without lighting.
The most favorable days for sowing petunias for seedlings in February 2019 will be February 7, 8, 16, 17, 20, 21, 24, 25 February.
The forbidden days for planting any plants are the period of the new moon on February 4, 5, 6 and the full moon on February 19.
| February | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu | Fri | Sat | Sun |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |||
You can find out about favorable days for planting other plants here: Lunar sowing calendar for February 2019
Most flower growers plant petunias for seedlings in March. Already a lot of light and heat, seedlings grow quickly, stocky and healthy.
Most good days for sowing seeds in March - March 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 23, 24 March
The forbidden days for sowing and planting are the period of the new moon - March 5, 6, 7 and the full moon - March 21. March new moon and full moon coincided with January.
| March | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu | Fri | Sat | Sun |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 |
More detailed information: Lunar calendar of gardeners, gardeners, florists for March 2019
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When a petunia sprout hatches from a seed, it already has a pair of cotyledon leaves. They are elongated and do not look at all like the so-called "real" leaves that will appear a little later. Cotyledons must be handled very carefully - they contain nutrients for a young plant. With the appearance of 2-3 pairs of true leaves (they already retain varietal characteristics, unlike cotyledons), you can start picking. What it is? In the traditional sense, picking (dive) seedlings consists of two procedures:
I use ordinary OSRAM L36W765 lamps, there are two more Flora lamps, but to be honest, I don’t see a difference in the development of plants, the main thing is that they are installed 15-20 cm above the plants.
Is it possible to recognize ampelous varieties by seedlings? 
As soon as flowering begins, immediately mark a few lower buds, where the seeds are likely to appear before the rest of the buds. Save these buds for seed collection. Having chosen the buds - be patient. Petunia seeds ripen long enough. The period from the very beginning of the flowering of the bud to the full ripening of the seeds, when they can already be harvested, is from two to three months.
In addition, they have not only a protective, but also a healing effect, so they can be used during the period when the signs of the disease have already appeared. 
When a disease occurs, it is necessary to spray with chemicals (Ridomil MC, Profit, Ridomil Gold MC - 20-25 g / 10 l of water).
Pathogen
: soil-dwelling fungi from the genera Olpidium, Pythium, Rhizoctonict, mainly Pythium debaryanum Hesse and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.
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It is drought-resistant, however, with a long absence of moisture, it requires watering. It tolerates strong soil moisture, but suffers from stagnant water. Large-flowered forms are more demanding on heat, moisture and nutritional conditions than small-flowered ones. Top dressing is the main condition for abundant and prolonged flowering of petunias, therefore, plants are fed regularly, starting a week after planting and until August with an interval of 7-10 days. Abundant flowering of petunias provide full complex fertilizers, especially with a predominance of potassium. A very good result is obtained by fertilizing with organic fertilizers, including mullein infusion, as well as humic fertilizers. Regular top dressing continues until the end of flowering.
Due to its unique adaptability to various soils, climates and growing conditions, petunia has become one of the most beloved crops for most gardeners and flower growers. It does not require special care, planting petunias in the ground, containers, planters or balcony boxes is quick and effortless. It gives fragrant and bright cascades of flowers that delight us with all shades of the rainbow, from the first days of summer to the very frosts.
1. Transplanting sprouts from common containers to separate ones.
I want to sow ampelous petunias. Which variety do you prefer? I want it to bloom with a cloud of red-white-crimson tones. And what to look for when choosing a planter?
It is quite difficult to distinguish seedlings of ampelous petunias at an early age. There are among the ampelous varieties such that for some time, already being not a small seedling, they stand as a bush for a long time and lie down literally in the middle of summer. True, their whips are not too long. These varieties are difficult to identify. But in Fortunia, the seedlings look like spiders - the central stem is short, the side stems creep. Seedlings obtained from seeds and cuttings look different. The above applies to seedlings from seeds.
Most hybrid plants are very unstable in offspring, or the flowers may be of a different color or size. That is, the result of your efforts to collect seeds and grow petunias will surprise you. That is why, when choosing hybrid varieties for growing, it is better to purchase seeds in specialized stores.
Petunia© daryl mitchell
Pathogen
: marsupial Whetzelinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) D By. .
Symptoms
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More carefully you need to take care of petunia plants planted in small containers: containers, planters, balcony boxes, especially in hanging baskets. The soil for them must be prepared nutritious, consisting of humus, peat, turf or leaf soil and sand. The percentage composition of these components may be different; the main thing is that the mixture is loose and at the same time moisture-intensive. To optimize its parameters, it is desirable to add perlite and hydrogel to the mixture. Lime is added to the mixture with high acidity. In addition, slowly dissolving complex mineral fertilizers must be added to the soil mixture for small containers. When filling boxes and containers with a mixture, it is necessary to pour drainage (gravel, expanded clay, etc.) at the bottom with a layer of at least 5 cm. . AT vivo grows in tropical areas South America. Basically it is Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina. One of its species is also found in North America - Petunia parviflora. Seedlings develop quickly and very soon, if the crops were made in one planting container, they begin to oppress each other. When diving a petunia, each sprout goes to its own territory - in a separate cup or pot.
In any case, it is better to buy several different series. Be sure to sow, I would recommend Fortunia ("NK") and Typhoons ("Biotechnics") and a few of any other ampelous ones. The fact is that although petunias are called ampelous, this “ampelism” itself is different for them. Fortuny has just the right ampelous form. They almost do not rise above the pots, the shoots are even and long, hanging from the pots with "blinds". For 1 bush you need a capacity of 5 liters. In a 10-liter I planted 2 plants. Typhoons are very powerful plants. The packaging says “cascading”, they have shoots and rise very clearly above the pots, and go to the sides and down. In a word, it is really in the shape of a hat. These petunias require a capacity of 10 liters per plant.
When can I plant petunia seedlings in open ground?
For planting grown seedlings in open ground, propagation by cuttings, see a separate page
The unique adaptability of petunias to various growing conditions, soils and climates, the simplicity of agricultural technology, the duration and brightness of flowering have made it one of the favorite crops of flower growers and gardeners. Currently, petunia is one of the first places in popularity among flyers, and with the advent of new groups and hybrids, interest in it is increasing. Looking forward to your advice! : Phyllosticta petuniae Sp.
Symptoms: The basal part of the stem becomes watery, darkens and rots. The plant withers and dies. The mycelium of the fungus quickly spreads over the substrate in expanding, often even circles, affecting all new seedlings. Mushrooms infect seedlings from the first days of life. The disease is exceptional: in some cases, if you do not take any preventive and therapeutic measures, you can lose all the seedlings.
Petunia belongs to heat-loving and light-loving plants. Grows well in sunny open areas. But you need to know that large-flowered representatives are more thermophilic than small-flowered petunias, and may stop blooming in cold wet weather. During the dry period, the plant requires abundant watering, but it will suffer from stagnant water. In order to have a long flowering, the petunia should be fed regularly. Start feeding a week after planting and do this until August with an interval of 7-10 days. Complex fertilizers are great for abundant flowering, especially if they contain more potassium. The same result is given by fertilizing with humic and organic fertilizers (mullein infusion). Shortening of the central root.
What will grow from the collected Typhoon petunia seeds? When the seedlings are hardened. Without it, the sun will scorch the leaves, the seedlings will hurt ... Before putting petunias in the sun, keep them in the shade for a week, they will get stronger there and will be easier to bear Sun rays.
Symptoms: the appearance of weeping brown spots, covered with a white coating of mycelium in humid conditions, the affected tissues soften and turn white. A white mycelium is formed on the surface and inside the stem, on which black sclerotia are soon formed - the reproductive organs of the fungus. When the sclerotia mature, they form drops of a liquid that strongly refracts light. Shoots located above the affected part die off. The fungus can damage all parts of the plant.
The greatest harm to decorative species the petunias represent the rains. During heavy summer rains, water drops break the delicate petals, making the flowers ugly and the plants sloppy. With prolonged prolonged rains, plants can completely lose their decorative effect and stop blooming. Therefore, before the rain, planters and baskets with petunias should be moved under cover. Watering flowering petunia should also be done carefully, under the root, trying not to damage the flowers.
Genus herbaceous or semi-shrub perennials family Solanaceae (Solanaceae), height from 10 cm to 1 meter. It comes from the tropical regions of South America, mainly Brazil, grows naturally in Paraguay, Bolivia, Argentina and Uruguay. One species of Petunia parviflora is found in North America.
Planting petunias in the ground in a permanent place occurs immediately after the completion of spring frosts, the plants tolerate the transplant perfectly. AT middle lane in our country, this happens in May, usually in the second half of it.
When its “center” is damaged, the root system begins to grow intensively in breadth and becomes more powerful. When diving seedlings of petunias, only procedure No. 1 is usually performed. Manipulations with the central root are gradually fading into oblivion: amateur flower growers rightly decide that when transplanting seedlings, the root system is still damaged, so there is no point in injuring it additionally.
Anything will grow. I have grown self-seeding. He was very different. One bush of petunia gave out long whips. The rest were more bushy than ampelous, but their leaves turned out to be characteristic of Typhoon Cherry. In fairness, it must be said that they grew in the open field without care. Perhaps if I transplanted them into containers with good soil and fertilized, they would show themselves differently. My land is heavy, and in the open field even Typhoon Silver does not grow, it remains very compact.
Is it better to buy petunia seedlings with or without flowers? Which of them will grow better after transplantation? Or is there no difference?
Petunia
539 : Rusty-brown spots appear on the leaves, initially rounded, then oblong with concentric zones. On the light part of the spots, the fruiting of the fungus is formed. Affected leaves wither and dry out.
Conditions conducive to the spread of the disease
: too dense crops, high humidity soil and air, high temperature (above 20 ° C), high soil acidity.
Ampelous petunias and calibrachoa can suffer greatly from the wind, so baskets and flowerpots with them should be placed in places protected from the wind.
Perennial herbaceous or semi-shrub plants used in cultivation as annuals. Stems erect or creeping, densely branched. Leaves are located in regular order or opposite (upper), soft, solid. Stems and leaves are pubescent with simple and glandular hairs. Flowers white, purple or reddish, solitary, terminal or axillary, on short peduncles, simple or double, regular or slightly irregular. The fruit is a bivalve box with very small seeds.
And despite the thermophilicity of the culture, its modern varieties calmly tolerate cold snaps, but only to positive low temperatures. This is especially true for the multiflora group. In the conditions of large cities, planting petunias in the ground begins at the end of April, meaning already flowering seedlings.
It is convenient to dive petunia seedlings with a wooden stick or a small coffee spoon
Already in the middle of spring, the sale of flowering seedlings of petunias begins in the markets and garden centers. The choice of varieties is usually small, so the search for some fancy hybrid usually ends in disappointment. To prevent this from happening, you need to learn how to grow petunia seedlings at home on your own. In fact, it's as simple as two and two. Do you want to learn? Then go ahead!
If the petunia has bloomed, then of course, it is better to cut off the flowers, but not because it will stop growing when planting, but so that the next wave of flowering is more abundant. Additional branches will grow, and the bush will be more magnificent. In addition, after the purchase, we transplant plants either into a large container or into open ground. After that, the petunia still interrupts flowering, “living in” new conditions.
In Portuguese, the word petunia petun means "tobacco". This is flowering plant so well adapted to the natural conditions of the middle zone that it is already difficult to believe that it came to us from South America. It is one of the most popular garden flowers and can be found in almost any garden. Petunias are widely grown both in flower beds and on balconies, both in public parks and in flower beds in the country. They are good in single plantings, but also go well with other annuals, bulbs or perennials.
Conditions conducive to the spread of the disease
: low temperature and high humidity. Additionally, acidic soils, excessively dense plantings and untimely removal of the affected plant parts contribute to this disease. Plants are infected through mechanical damage to tissues, but the fungus is able to penetrate inside and through stomata, so it easily spreads through the flower garden on the hands and clothes of a person when caring for plants. Preservation of pathogens (ability to disease)
In many varieties of petunias, especially in large-flowered and terry forms, appearance can spoil withered flowers. They are almost invisible in large arrays, but are clearly visible in flowerpots, planters and small flower beds near the paths. To improve the decorativeness of plantings, such flowers are removed. Petunia © Swami Stream
It is best to plant seedlings in the evening or on cloudy days, having previously spilled the beds with plenty of water. The distance between seedlings depends on the variety and type of planting. If this is a flower bed, then 15-20 cm for multi-flowered varieties, 20-25 cm for large-flowered varieties and ampelous petunia needs a distance of 25-30 cm. Planting and care in containers, planters, balcony boxes is somewhat different from the ground planting. In them, the distance between the seedlings can be no more than 10 cm. Thus, as soon as you notice that the seedlings have become crowded, carefully transplant them, along with a clod of earth around the roots, into separate "apartments". At the same time, deepen each sprout into the soil to the cotyledon leaves. Subsequently, additional roots will appear on the buried part of the stem, which will formulate a more developed root system.
Let's start by determining when to plant petunia seeds. Usually in the literature there are recommendations to date crops for the second half of March. During this period, daylight hours are already long enough to provide the sprouts with the necessary amount of light. However, these recommended terms are not the ultimate truth, they can vary significantly. If: Sowed a petunia at the end of January. And now (beginning of April) each plant has flowers at the top. My seedlings are plump, strong, low (terry) and very curly (already 20 cm shoots), dark green, gives stepchildren. But never before in 10 years was it going to bloom in a room (I usually sowed in late February - early March). What do you advise: cut off the first flowers of a petunia? But I saw that petunias with flowers are planted in flowerbeds in Moscow.
Petunia For the cultivation of petunia flower seedlings, it is assumed to use high-quality seeds, the producers of which are well-known flower growing companies. Petunia flower seedlings must meet all the necessary requirements (resistance of this variety to environmental conditions, plant size, color scheme, etc.) for seasonal gardening of gardens, parks, squares.
: mechanical damage, high air humidity.
Conservation of the pathogen: in soil and on plant debris.
PetuniaLighting
After the seedlings are planted, the soil should be mulched around it with humus or peat, this helps to retain moisture in the soil and protects the plants from possible frosts. In ordinary plastic cups, petunia seedlings will develop before planting for permanent residence
South-facing apartment windows - plant a petunia in early March The flowers definitely need to be cut off, since the seedlings will suffer for at least a month in the house. If there is a glazed balcony, then the seedlings can already be taken out there - this will slightly restrain their growth due to the lower temperature than in the room. Last year, I also planted petunias in bloom - I myself suffered and exhausted the plants. Until mid-May, she cut off the buds, then she got tired and simply began to feed the plants more intensively, giving them the opportunity to bloom.
- a wonderful flower and has an amazing ability to take root in a variety of natural conditions. Petunia is grown both in the tropics and in the north, it grows on any soil. Numerous varieties of petunias develop well in the sun, but a little shading does not bother the petunia. It is drought-resistant, heat-loving, although it can also tolerate small frosts. For sowing seeds for seedlings, a fine fraction substrate is used, made on the basis of high-quality high-moor peat, with the appropriate content of micro-macro elements and acidity pH, as well as with a minimum level of salinity. The substrate for sowing seeds must be disinfected from diseases and pests and pass water well. For sowing seeds, you can use special plastic containers with a height of at least 10 cm. The container is filled with 8 cm of substrate, the remaining 2 cm are left free in order to protect young seedlings from temperature changes and cold air movement during ventilation.
Conservation of the pathogen
: in the soil and on plant debris in the form of sclerotia, which do not lose their viability for up to three years. Mycelium may also persist. Control measures
Mainly seeds: Petunia is photophilous and thermophilic. Grows well in open sunny places. Large-flowered petunias are more thermophilic than small-flowered ones; they stop blooming in damp cold weather.
Planting of ampelous petunia and caliberhoa should take into account the blowing winds, which can severely damage the plants. Therefore, for these varieties, you should choose places protected from the wind. Usually hanging baskets, balcony or window boxes are used for ampelous petunias. Especially they will look in combination with lobelia, verbena, ivy, greenfinch, pelargonium and other ampelous plants. In flowerbeds, petunias look great with fuchsia, sweet pea, chlorophytum, lobularia, balsam, irises, pansies, tulips, hazel grouse, and so on. Among flower growers, this term means regular exposure of seedlings to low temperatures - 10-15 ° C. At first, short-term, for 10-15 minutes, and then longer "hardening", gradually turning into constant conditions of detention, allows petunia bushes to grow more compact and strong. This can be achieved if you take the seedlings every day to the glazed balcony, or open the window in the room where the plants are located.
There is good illumination - crops can be started at the end of February If you sow petunias in mid-April, when will they bloom?
Petunia in their homeland - perennial herbaceous plant, which in our climate, however, is most often grown as an annual. Plant height is from 20 to 70 cm. Petunia has a well-developed root system. Petunia flowers are large, can reach 12 cm in diameter. The variety of colors of petunias is simply incredible. Perhaps there is no such shade of color, except for green, which you will not find among flowering petunias. The bright color of the flower itself can also be complemented by various contrasting spots or stripes in the middle of the flower. Flowers also vary in shape. The edges of petunia petals are corrugated, smooth and fringed. Depending on the variety, the petunia may have larger or smaller single or double flowers. The most beautiful terry varieties of petunias are much more capricious when grown. Petunia seeds are of two types - pure and coated. The latter have a number of advantages. The shell protects the seeds from diseases and various mechanical damage, and also facilitates sowing. The advantage of unshelled seeds is only that they are less expensive and good germination can be achieved if properly sown. It is advisable to mark the crops of petunias in order to know which variety you are sowing.
: on fallen leaves.
Control measures: The focus should be on prevention: do not thicken crops, do not use too heavy or acidic substrate (optimal soil acidity for petunias pH 5.5-7), water moderately, avoid excess nitrogen fertilizers, remove diseased seedlings with part of the substrate surrounding them . When preparing the substrate for seedlings, it is undesirable to use soil from the garden or from the greenhouse, but if there is no other soil, then it must be steamed, and then biopreparations containing antagonist soil microorganisms that compete with pathogens (Agat-25 K, Fitosporin, Trichodermin and others). For preventive purposes, you can water the soil with sulfur preparations (Colloidal sulfur, Cumulus, Thiovit Jet - 40 g / 10 l of water).
. At home, growing petunia seedlings is complicated by a lack of light, so you need to take seeds with a large margin for sowing. The sooner the seeds are sown, the sooner the plants will bloom. If it is possible to give the seedlings backlight, then you can sow as early as February. Under normal conditions, it is optimal to sow in the second half of March. Another complication associated with the size of the seeds is the soil they will be placed in and maintaining its optimal moisture content. For such seeds, loose, light and nutritious soil is needed. It is advisable to sift the top layer about 1 cm thick so that the seeds evenly lie on the soil. Seeds mixed with dry sand are poured onto well-spilled soil a day before sowing. Then sprayed, covered with glass and left at a temperature of 20 - 23 ° C. On the 5th - 7th day, tiny shoots will appear that require special attention. Now they need to be sprayed daily and at least twice a day (morning and evening) turned over to the light. At this point, seedlings need high humidity, but excess moisture in the soil causes them to die from the “black leg”. When the seedlings grow up and the first leaf appears, the glass can be removed. If the shoots begin to die, they need to be sprinkled with dry sand, reduce watering and dive faster. In April, seedlings are transferred to greenhouses. Landing in the ground in a permanent place is carried out after the end of spring frosts. Plant transplants are well tolerated. Watering
Is the planting of petunias in the ground, hanging planters or flowerpots - in any case, these flowers will be a pleasure. Especially when there are a lot of them, and the flowers completely cover the shoots and leaves. Pinching (pinching) petunia seedlings is another important procedure that determines the appearance of an already adult bush: how branched, lush it will be, how much flower buds can form on it. The petunia sprout always forms a distinct central shoot that stretches upward. It must be pinched at the level of 4-5 of a real leaf, that is, with nails or thin nail scissors, carefully pinch off the growth point. After that, new shoots will begin to grow from the axils of the remaining leaves, the bushes become fluffy, compact, densely branched. Remember that the more branches a petunia has, the more flowers it will have in adulthood. Therefore, pinching petunia seedlings can be done several times, the more - the thicker the flower "ball" will be.
windows face north - postpone the sowing season until the end of March - the beginning of April Sow ordinary bush petunias, and in a couple of months, or maybe earlier, they will begin to bloom.
If a petunia is planted in the soil already blooming in May, it will bloom until frost. Petunia is great for various kinds flower beds: borders, flower beds, rabatok. If you decide to choose a terry variety for growing, do not forget that such plants are more delicate than usual. For them, you need to choose a place protected from strong winds and rain. More unpretentious small-flowered varieties of petunias will allow you to close the ones that are empty after flowering. bulbous plants places in the mixborder. Secrets of the abundant flowering of petunias. The practice of growing petunias has deduced the following formula: large capacity, regular top dressing, sufficient watering, removal of faded flowers. If you want the petunia to bush and not stretch one stem up, you need to pinch it over the third leaf.
Control measures
: deep digging and liming of the soil, adherence to proper agricultural practices, timely removal of the affected parts of the plant. Good results are obtained by introducing into the wells when planting seedlings of the biological product Trichodermin (2 g per well). When the first signs of the disease appear, treatment with biological (Integral - 5 ml / 1 l of water, Fitosporin-M - 4-5 g / 1 l of water) or chemical (Maxim - 2 ml / 1 l of water) preparations is necessary. legs "it is necessary to spray the plants and water the soil with a suspension of preparations containing mancozeb, metalaxyl or oxadixyl (Ridomil MC, Profit, Ridomil Gold MC, etc. - 20-25 g / 10 l of water).
Flowering of varieties of small-flowered petunias occurs 70-75 days after sowing, large-flowered varieties bloom 10-15 days later. Varieties with double flowers when propagated by seeds give only 40-50% of double plants, so they are often propagated by cuttings cut from mother liquors, which are kept in bright greenhouses at a temperature of 10-12 ° C in winter, with moderate humidity and intensive ventilation. After rooting, the cuttings are transplanted into 9 cm pots.
Sowing dates depend on when you want to get flowering seedlings. In order for a young petunia to begin branching, its stem is cut - pinched
Remember that if you plant the seeds too early, then the lack of light will definitely affect the health of young plants. Their development will be slowed down, they will grow frail, elongated, unable to fight diseases. You are unlikely to get beautiful petunia bushes from such seedlings. It's a completely different matter if you delay landings. In this case, you don’t have to worry about the sprouts, but the flowering will be pushed back in time. Focus on the fact that, on average, petunia blooms 10-12 weeks after sowing. Seedlings did not grow well in peat tablets. Even with feeding, the plants did not develop roots. I had to gut all the tablets and plant the “bylinochki” in ordinary soil. In addition, the tablets are very dry. Do others suffer with such pills?
Petunia propagates by seeds and cuttings. Growing petunia seedlings at home is a rather troublesome and difficult task. It is better to buy ready-made seedlings. In open ground, pre-hardened seedlings can be planted as early as May. It is necessary to leave a distance of about 20-25 cm between plants. After transplanting into the ground, a period of active plant growth begins. At this time they need to be watered. Large adult plants are watered only when the soil dries out. If you want your petunias to bloom for a long time and profusely, a week after planting them in the ground, you need to feed the plants with a complete complex mineral fertilizer which is dominated by potassium. Regular top dressing every 7-10 days continues until the end of flowering.
: preventive - high agricultural technology. In order to prevent the disease, as well as when the disease appears, spraying with copper-containing preparations can be carried out at intervals of 7-10 days (Kartocid - 50 g / 10 l of water, copper oxychloride - 40 g / 10 l of water, Oksikhom - 20 g / 10 l water, etc.). On especially valuable specimens, during the initial infection, it is necessary to clean the affected areas, and then sprinkle them with fluff lime or charcoal. It is advisable to sprinkle the soil around the plants with ash or crushed charcoal. These activities contain the development of the disease, but do not replace the treatment with chemical or biological products.
Pathogen Petunia is planted in open ground in central Russia in the second half of May. Despite the fact that this culture is very thermophilic, modern varieties and hybrids (especially from the multiflora group) can tolerate cold snaps to low positive temperatures and even small short-term frosts. In the conditions of large cities, flowering seedlings of petunias can be planted in flower beds, flowerpots and balconies in late April - early May.
In winter - preferably moderate, In the middle lane, seeds are usually sown in the second half of March, and then at the end of May - mid-June, depending on the variety group, the plants will bloom. Earlier flowering is also possible - seeds for this should be sown in late January - early February.
Mature seedlings of petunias are planted for permanent residence in balcony boxes, flowerpots, flower beds in May - early June. At this time, the probability of night frosts is practically excluded, so the seedlings, being in in large numbers land, will quickly grow and become an adult, flowering petunia. For sowing petunias for seedlings, wide and not too deep containers are used: boxes, cassettes, plastic container from under mayonnaise or butter.
Drying out seedlings in peat tablets is really a problem. I had to deal with the same. Somehow I sowed more than a hundred petunias in tablets and very soon realized that you couldn’t keep track of the humidity. Then I put sphagnum moss on the bottom of the box, put tablets on it (quite tightly) - and that's it, I solved the problem of drying out. I watered the seedlings as it turned out, more often I poured water directly onto the bottom of the pan into the moss. There are several varieties of petunias, from which, in accordance with their characteristics, you can choose the most suitable for you.
The main question that interests many beginner gardeners is how to properly plant petunias for seedlings and when to start sowing ... Sowing dates depend on when you want to get flowering seedlings. In the middle lane, sowing seeds for seedlings, as a rule, is planted in late February - early March. Then at the end of May - mid-June, depending on the variety group, the plants will bloom. You can do this in January, because it is possible to illuminate the seedlings.
Pathogens
Pathogen
: imperfect fungus Bothrytis cinerea Pers .. affecting many crops. It is better to plant seedlings on cloudy days or in the evening, after watering the pots with plants well beforehand. The distance between plants depends on the variety and type of planting. For multi-flowered petunia in flowerbed plantings, it is 15-20 cm, for large-flowered - 20-25 cm, for ampelous - 25-30 cm. In balcony boxes, containers, vases, the distance between plants can be reduced by one and a half times. After planting, the seedlings are watered (if the soil is not moist enough), and the soil around the plants is mulched with peat or humus. Mulching allows the soil to retain moisture longer and protects plants during return frosts. In summer - plentiful.
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Petunias are suitable for a variety of soil mixtures except strongly acidic and alkaline. They should be nutritious, loose, retain moisture well, but at the same time allow excess water to pass through and not lock. To independently obtain a standard mixture, take 2 parts of well-rotted humus, soddy or leafy soil, high-moor, well-decomposed peat and 1 part of sand. If the soil is acidic, add lime to it.
Planting petunia seedlings in a pot
The prepared container is filled with earth by about 2/3 of the height.
Some specimens of petunias (at the seedling stage) turn yellow, produce almost white leaves and die. Moreover, the conditions of detention are the same for everyone. Watered a couple of times with Emerald - the effect is zero. How to explain this?
Garden group petunia
For sowing, a soil mixture has been prepared since autumn: garden soil, humus, sand in a ratio of 1: 1: 2. Dishes, wooden boxes from under vegetables or cut lengthwise plastic bottles. The boxes are covered with newspapers, fall asleep and left in the cold so that it freezes well in winter. And in early January we bring it into the house. When the contents thaw, you can start sowing. If it is not possible to prepare the soil in the fall, then you can fill the containers with disinfected soil before sowing.
: Phytophthora cryptogea Pethybr. a. Laff. and Phytophthora infestans de Vagu.
: Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.
Symptoms
Petunia © SantaRosa
soil
Mix all the ingredients thoroughly and sift first through a very large sieve, then through a finer one. Fill the lower part of the pot with the largest screening (you can also pour a layer of crushed expanded clay on the bottom), and the upper third with a small one. Fill a suitable container with moist soil, scatter seeds over its surface and spray with water from a spray bottle.
Here are excellent specialists, this is one of the oldest sites. Both shenene and bulbs sell proven
Fill the selected container with soil mixture, spill it with boiling water. This execution is necessary in order to destroy possible pests. However, a high-quality store-bought mixture, even during the production process, undergoes all sorts of treatments and checks for the presence of pests (a particularly important analysis is a test for nematodes). However, it is better to play it safe and treat the earth with boiling water (steam in the oven or microwave). After 10-15 minutes, when the soil has cooled down, you can start planting petunias with seeds.
There can be several reasons for yellowing and death of seedlings. First of all, something has happened to the root system, it does not work, it does not supply nutrients to the leaves. Perhaps this overflow or transplant was carried out with severe damage to the roots. Maybe heavy, non-nutritious soil is used, or the plants are too close to each other, they don’t have enough light. It is possible that plants have chlorosis and need iron chelate.
floribunda
Seeds should be sown evenly. on damp soil, then lightly press down. Since petunia seeds are very small, they are mixed with dry sand (1: 5) before sowing. After sowing, they are not sprinkled with a substrate, but they should be immediately poured through a fine strainer with a 0.1% solution of previcur. This procedure is necessary to protect seedlings from fungal diseases. Then the containers are placed on prepared racks and tightly covered with a half-carbonate or glass lid. Subsequently, water only when necessary. In order not to move the seeds from their place and not wash them off, they are carefully sprayed from a spray bottle.
Symptoms Symptoms
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: Light brown spots or a rash appear on leaves, stems and flowers, which are then covered with a gray fluffy coating of sporulation of the fungus. The affected parts of the plant first wither and then rot, turning into a brownish mass with a gray coating. Sometimes the fungus begins to develop in the internodes, which leads to the death of the part of the plant located above the site of the lesion. If the damage is severe, the plant may die. The fungus affects petunia in any phase - from cotyledon leaves to seed ripening.The unique adaptability of petunias to various growing conditions, soils and climates, the simplicity of agricultural technology, the duration and brightness of flowering have made it one of the favorite crops of flower growers and gardeners. Currently, petunia is one of the first places in popularity among flyers, and with the advent of new groups and hybrids, interest in it is increasing. The area of its cultivation is huge - from the tropics to the Arctic and Alaska, its plantings can be found on all continents, except, perhaps, Antarctica.
: Prefers loamy or sandy soils, but can grow in any sufficiently fertile. It responds well to the introduction of humus or compost into the soil, but not fresh manure, as it contributes to the defeat of plants by fungal diseases. When preparing the soil for petunia in areas with acidic soils(pH less than 5.5) lime must be added. When digging the soil in spring, complex fertilizer is added to it. It is better to cover the seeds from above with a layer of soil, but not more than 1-2 mm, otherwise you will have to take care of them more carefully. Cover the container with glass or paper and keep at a temperature of 20-23ºС.
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Petunia seeds are sown on the surface of a wet substrate, do not sprinkle with soil on top.
Sowed various petunias. Exactly fifty percent of the seeds sprouted. And quickly, in 4-5 days. And then everything seemed to freeze. Can't wait for seedlings from the rest of the seeds?
It has flowers with a diameter of 5-8 cm, the height of the plant does not exceed 25 - 30 cm. This group is quite resistant to weather changes. Therefore, varieties and hybrids of this group of petunias can be used in almost any flower beds.
On the 5-8th day (depending on the temperature) after sowing, the first shoots appear. If too many seeds are planted and very close to each other, then during germination it is easier to pluck out extra seedlings than dive. The optimum temperature for growing petunia seedlings is 20-22 degrees Celsius. When shoots appear, the lid is opened, and the temperature in the room is gradually lowered to 18 degrees Celsius. Then water more often, also being careful. : The base of the stem turns brown and rots. The plant wilts and subsequently dies. The defeat is possible at any age, however, more often the disease coincides in time with late blight of tomatoes and potatoes, which is associated with the characteristics of the biology of pathogens.: In the phase of the cotyledon leaflets, the disease develops according to the "black leg" type (see above). From the stage of picking until the end of the growing season, the pathogen causes rotting of the root neck, while the leaves droop and wrinkle, acquiring a gray-green color with a lead tint. Oily light brown spots appear on the root neck, covered with a brown felt coating of the mycelium of the fungus. In the future, small black sclerotia appear on the mycelium. Diseased plants lag behind in growth, turn yellow and wither. The fungus is able to infect a plant at any age.
Conditions conducive to the spread of the disease Such popularity of petunia was the result and the reason that the significant efforts of geneticists, botanists and breeders around the world are aimed at creating more and more new varieties, hybrids and garden groups of petunias. Each of these groups is attractive in its own way and occupies a certain place in landscaping. Top dressing
After sowing the seeds, for the first week, 1-2 times a day, spray them with water with the addition of potassium permanganate (light pink). Then you can water less often, and increase the amount of water if necessary. It’s better to buy seedlings, they will appear in April, there are fewer problems .. that’s what I doIn recent times petunia seeds of elite varieties are processed to improve germination and easier sowing useful substances, which form a shell around the seed - a granule. Seeds in this case visually increase several times and it is easier to plant them, observing the distance between crops. However, in order for the sprout to have the strength to break through a hard granule, it must be well moistened with water. Therefore, as soon as you spread the granules on the substrate, moisten them from above with water from a spray bottle. Sometimes this measure does not work and the shell of the granule does not lend itself. Perhaps the processing technology was not followed or the storage rules were violated. Then you should pry each granule with a toothpick and try to crush it to free the seed.
I think it makes sense to wait. Last year, my Typhoon Silver petunia seeds germinated only on the 21st day. There were no further complaints, the petunia grew and developed beautifully.
Garden group petunia
When creating optimal conditions, 2.5-3 weeks after sowing, the seedlings that have appeared can dive (see below). 3 weeks after the first pick, the seedlings are planted in flower containers (8-10 cm in diameter), using a substrate containing the largest number of micro and macro elements. After transplanting petunia seedlings into flower containers for good rooting for 7-10 days, the temperature is maintained: at night +18 degrees, during the day +20 degrees Celsius, then it is lowered at night to +14, during the day to +16 degrees Celsius.
Conditions conducive to the spread of the disease
Conditions conducive to the spread of the disease
: too dense crops and plantings, high air humidity, low temperature (below 14 ° C), excess nitrogen fertilizers, lack of light. The fungus usually infects plant tissues through wounds; it is able to penetrate the flower through the pistil.
Traditionally, flower beds, borders and borders are made from petunias, planted on balconies. Modern hybrids, thanks to a powerful root system, grow well in vessels with a limited volume (containers, planters, hanging baskets and vases). Terry varieties and hybrids are best planted in places protected from wind and heavy rain: on balconies, open verandas, loggias, in containers and near the house. Fast-growing hybrids of ampelous petunias allow you to close empty places in a mixborder or after harvesting bulbs.
A week after the emergence of seedlings, you can start feeding. At first, it is better to do foliar - spray with water-soluble mineral fertilizers. If the seedlings develop poorly, you can spray it with growth stimulants (Epin-Extra, Zircon). However, you can’t get carried away with them - for the entire time of growing seedlings they are used no more than 2-3 times.
Petunias self-sow generally speaking, but if you are planting for the first time, then it is better to buy seedlings
From above, cover the planting container with a sheet of glass or transparent polyethylene so that the seeds, and then the sprouts at the very beginning of their development, are in greenhouse conditions. A stable microclimate with high humidity inside such a homemade "greenhouse" will save you from having to water the newly hatched petunia shoots. And this means that the survival rate of the younger generation in such conditions will tend to 100%. Seeds germinate only in the light, so immediately after sowing, place the container on a warm (23-26 ° C) and bright window sill.
Seeds hatch but do not shed their seed coat. How to proceed?
multicolor
And if the petunia seeds are in granules ... We draw shallow parallel grooves on the surface, spill it well, then cover it with strips cut from colored paper napkins. We press the strips lightly to the ground and carefully (using a wet wooden stick from ice cream) lay out seeds in granules on them. The granules easily adhere to the strips and are no longer lost in the ground. We do not sprinkle earth on top. We spray crops from a spray bottle. Along the grooves we put plates indicating the variety, date of sowing and the number of seeds sown. Then we cover the containers with crops with a dense transparent film and put them in a bright, warm place (about +22 degrees).
: high air humidity, cold nights with heavy dew.
: too deep planting, as well as acidic and waterlogged soils. The causative agent is not picky about the conditions environment and can develop in the temperature range of 3-25 ° C, with soil moisture of 40-100% and acidity pH 4.5-8.
Conservation of the pathogen
Petunia © Powi
spring-summer - 1 time in 2 weeks with mineral and organic fertilizers;
When caring for seedlings, it is necessary to ensure that the humidity is not too high - otherwise the petunia seedlings may get sick. If this does happen, immediately stop spraying with water, water the boxes only along the walls, so that as much as possible less water hit the plants. Spray with solutions of "Profit", "Ridomila Gold MC", "Ridomila MC" (at the rate of 2-2.5 g per liter of water).
Petunia I will plant in two weeks, and today I plant asters
Droplets of water condense on the shelter of the greenhouse, so the film (glass) must be turned over every day to the other, dry side
Drop water on the "cap", wait a little while until it softens, and help the seed to remove it. It is done like this. Take a needle and act carefully, but if the "cap" is tight, stop trying. When wet, it comes off easily. Maybe the seeds will cope on their own if you constantly drip on them and keep them covered with a transparent lid or cling film.
(multiflora) has not very large flowers with a diameter of 4-5 cm, plant height 20-25 cm. This most hardy, cold-resistant and early-flowering group of petunias enjoys the well-deserved love of flower growers. It is characterized by the most abundant flowering among all varieties and is ideal for flower beds and rabatok, where, with good care forms a continuous carpet of flowers.
Seeds germinate under the lamp daylight after 10-20 days at a temperature of + 20-22 degrees. Light is necessary for emerging sprouts and the more it is, the stronger they turn out. If there is not enough light, the sprouts stretch out and often fall. After the appearance of the first true leaf, we ventilate the crops, remove the film and reduce the temperature (at night) to + 14-16 degrees. In the phase of the 3rd leaf of planting, you can thin out a little, plant extra seedlings. In the future, the main thing is not to overmoisten them. Water every 3 days: if the soil is allowed to dry slightly, the roots will begin to seek moisture and work better. It is advisable to pinch the plants, and when early landings you can take apical cuttings.
Conservation of the pathogen
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Conservation of the pathogen
: in soil and plant debris. The fungus can overwinter in the wooden structures of greenhouses.
I just thought about this this morning! I think I'll do it on the weekend.
Now nothing will prevent the seeds from germinating after the due date - usually after 3-4 days (old seeds germinate longer - up to 10 days).
Petunia seeds were in granules. How to sow them - lay them out on the surface of the soil?
Very elegant and spectacular hybrids of ampelous petunias that have recently appeared, which are able to form real waterfalls of flowers, are very elegant and spectacular. One of these hybrids is called
When the plants grow up and get stronger, dive them into separate containers. For this, it is best to use plastic cassettes with 100, 260, 380 holes ( the best option- cassettes with 260 holes). After picking, the 1st watering is carried out with a 0.1% solution of previcur, the next - with clean water. At the same time, it is desirable to maintain the temperature for rooting seedlings within 18-20 degrees Celsius. Under such conditions, the plant quickly takes root, and on the 10th day after picking, the seedlings can be fertilized with mineral fertilizer. Top dressing is repeated 2-3 times.
: in living wintering parts of plants - carriers of the disease (for example, diseased potato tubers planted in the garden). There is strong evidence that the infection does not persist in soil and plant debris.
: in the form of sclerotia and mycelium in the soil (at a depth of up to 80 cm) up to 5-6 years. All this time he is capable of infection.
Control measures
In late spring - early summer, petunias look very impressive next to pansies, primroses, as well as bulbous - tulips, hyacinths, hazel grouse, and later - with irises and lilies. Near a reservoir and in a shady area, they will make an excellent company for hostas, daylilies, tradescantia virginia and ornamental grasses.
Pruning
When one or two true leaves appear, plant the seedlings one at a time in peat or plastic pots or seedling containers with cells with a diameter of 6-8 cm. The soil can be used the same as for sowing. Water the planted plants and cover for a couple of days with paper or non-woven covering material, such as lutrasil.
I love Petunias! I always plant on the balcony!
As soon as the first sprouts appear from the seeds, the temperature of their content can be reduced to 18-20 ° C. For example, move containers with seedlings closer to window glass and away from the battery. This event is rather desirable, but not mandatory. When the temperature drops, young plants do not stretch, respectively, grow more squat and stocky.
Required - only on the surface of well-moistened earth, pressing it against it and making a “control shot” from the sprayer to be sure. I like to sow granulated seeds - they germinate well and are easy to spread out, you can spread the granules away from each other, and then take your time with picking. Most of the petunia seeds that I sowed were granular. In a word, I am satisfied with them.
Surfinia.
Plastic cups (0.5 l) can also be used. We make holes in them for the flow of water. To the previous composition of the soil mixture, add 1 part of the husk from buckwheat or millet. The earth becomes loose, breathable. We put the glasses in a common dish and pour through the pan. Petunia grows strong and blooms in these cups. And when the threat of the last frost has passed, we transfer the seedlings to containers in a permanent place, having previously poured expanded clay to the bottom. Sprinkle a little earth on top. Petunia grown in this way practically does not get sick and blooms until the very cold.
Control measures
Control measures
: preventive - excessively dense sowing and planting, excessive watering, too low temperatures should be avoided. The development of the disease stops at high air temperature (25-27 ° C) and with a decrease in its humidity to 80% or lower. It is necessary to regularly remove the affected parts of the plant and plant residues that serve as an additional source of infection, as well as increase the proportion of phosphorus and potash fertilizers in top dressing.
In flowerpots and containers, petunias and calibrachoa will be combined with zonal pelargonium, fuchsia, lobularia, helichrysum petiolar, chlorophytum, balsam, sweet pea. In hanging baskets and window boxes, they can be planted with ampelous plants, such as lobelia, ivy, greenfinch, ivy-leaved boudra, verbena, ivy-leaved pelargonium, etc.
: Abundantly grown plants in half in the spring should be cut.
Petunia is planted in open ground in central Russia in the second half of May.
To get good seedlings of petunias, it was necessary to sow in early February. Before landing on the street, cut it 2 times to a height of 5 cm, then there will be lush, well-developed petunia bushes, the more developed the bush, the easier it is to transplant to the street and everything related to bad weather.
Petunia shoots are very small, so the first days need a very careful attitude
What lighting fixtures do you have? Phyto or just daylight?
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This plant variety has bright flowers about 6 cm in diameter, pure colors with a characteristic dark or light throat. If the summer turned out to be warm and sunny enough, surfinia can give a cascade up to 80-100 cm long.
At an early age, petunias develop very slowly, building up the root system. If, after the appearance of the first true leaf, they are picked, the plants will gain mass faster. Petunia seedlings move to a greenhouse or a glazed balcony when the night temperature does not fall below 6 degrees Celsius. Mature plants also prefer well-lit, open areas...
: during the period of growing seedlings, it is necessary to ventilate the greenhouse well and not to thicken the crops. After planting seedlings in the ground, preventive treatments with copper-containing preparations can be carried out (Kartotsid - 50 g / 10 l of water, copper oxychloride - 40 g / 10 l of water, Oksihom - 20 g / 10 l of water, etc.), but flowers are often damaged , which leads to a loss of decorativeness for several days. Preparations based on mancozeb, metalaxyl or oxadixyl (Ridomil MC, Profit, Ridomil Gold MC, etc. - 20-25 g / 10 l of water) act much softer.
: preventive - high agricultural technology and timely removal of diseased plants; bacterial (Integral - 5 ml / 1 l of water, Fitosporin-M - 4-5 g / 1 l of water) and fungal (Trichodermin - 2 g of the drug per well when planting seedlings) preparations. Seedlings are watered with suspensions of biological preparations and sown seeds are sprayed. In this case, a capsule of beneficial microorganisms is formed around the roots.
Among the remedies available to amateur flower growers, we can mention the biological product Integral (25 ml / 1 l of water), the chemical preparations Skor (2 ml / 10 l of water) and Maxim (2 ml / 1 l of water). However, all of these drugs are ineffective with a strong development of the disease.
Pathogens
Petunia © Swami Stream
Petunia
At home, growing petunia seedlings is complicated by a lack of light, so you need to take seeds with a large margin for sowing. The sooner the seeds are sown, the sooner the plants will bloom. If it is possible to give the seedlings backlight, then you can sow as early as February. Under normal conditions, it is optimal to sow in the second half of March. Another complication associated with the size of the seeds is the soil they will be placed in and maintaining its optimal moisture content. For such seeds, loose, light and nutritious soil is needed. It is advisable to sift the top layer about 1 cm thick so that the seeds evenly lie on the soil. Seeds mixed with dry sand are poured onto well-spilled soil a day before sowing. Then sprayed, covered with glass and left at a temperature of 20 - 23 ° C. On the 5th - 7th day, tiny shoots will appear that require special attention. Now they need to be sprayed daily and at least twice a day (morning and evening) turn the glass over. At this point, seedlings need high humidity, but excess moisture in the soil causes them to die from the "black leg". When the seedlings grow up and the first leaf appears, the glass can be removed. If the shoots begin to die, they need to be sprinkled with dry sand, reduce watering and dive faster. In April, seedlings are transferred to greenhouses. Planting in the ground in a permanent place is carried out after the end of spring frosts, maintaining a distance of 30-40 cm between plants. In a balcony box, container or vase, the distance can be reduced to 15-20 cm. The transplant is well tolerated.
In the very first days of their existence, petunia seedlings should get used to non-greenhouse conditions. The high humidity of the greenhouse is, of course, good, but it can play a cruel joke on seedlings. The most common disadvantages of a long stay of the substrate with sprouts under the greenhouse "cap" is the formation of mold on the ground and the spread of "black leg" disease. Therefore, every day the planting greenhouse must be ventilated by slightly opening its cover (polyethylene, glass, cassette cover, etc.). The first time, 2-3 minutes is enough, then, on each subsequent day, the time of “walking” seedlings should be increased by several minutes and, finally, remove the cover of the greenhouse completely.
Petunia is a flowering plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family. There are many varieties: terry, ampelous, cascade, large-flowered, small-flowered. Also, the plant can please any grower with its variety of colors: all shades of red, pink, blue, purple, white, and so on. Any of the varieties can be grown at home with their subsequent transplantation into open ground in the garden or in boxes on the balcony.
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To decorate your flower garden with petunias, you can buy ready-made seedlings and plant them in the ground. And you can also purchase seeds or grow a flower by cuttings.
To propagate the plant by cuttings, it is enough to save the mother plants. Petunias grown in this way grow and bloom faster. But plants germinated from seeds are distinguished by endurance and abundant flowering.
In order for the seeds to germinate for sure, you should choose fresh planting material. Sowing takes place from February to April. In Central Russia and the Moscow region, seeds are sown from February 1 to February 15, and in the Urals and Siberia not earlier than the beginning of March.
petunia seeds
Before boarding, choose right soil. Loose, light in texture, nutritious and neutral in acidity soil is suitable for normal growth.
Seeds should be planted in special containers:
It is necessary to sow petunia seeds in seedling boxes on the surface of the earth. You do not need to sprinkle them, just press them.
Shoots appear at a temperature of +25 degrees and humidity of 98%. To create such conditions, it is necessary to place the boxes in a lighted and warm room, and cover them with a non-woven fabric, glass or transparent film on top.
Covering material must be removed after the seedlings have grown a little.
Sowing petunia in peat tablets is more effective. Growing from seeds in this way does not require further transplanting of the plant into other containers. Grown flowers can be planted immediately in the ground.
Peat tablets contain a sufficient amount nutrients necessary for young plants. In order to plant seeds in tablets, you need to place them in a plastic container, fill with water and close the lid. After 15 minutes, the tablets will swell. It is necessary to drain the water, and then sow the seeds.
Planting seeds in peat tablets is very simple. Using a toothpick, place the seed in the recess located on top of the tablet. Then close the container with a lid and place it on the windowsill.
Need to create right conditions for plant germination and further growth. The container should be opened so that the condensate accumulated on the lid does not drip onto the sprouts.
Shallow plastic containers with a drainage hole are perfect for sowing.
The container is filled with substrate. Seeds are mixed with dry sifted sand for even distribution on the soil. The earth is moistened with a spray gun. The containers are covered with glass, film or non-woven material.
Picking plants begins when leaves appear. Flowers should be planted carefully so as not to injure them. Dig up the plant along with a clod of earth so as not to damage the root.
It is necessary to plant a petunia in transparent cups filled with sterilized soil. Within a month, the petunia will build up the root system. Leaf growth will begin after a month and a half. After the roots are intertwined with an earthen ball, you can transplant the petunia into large containers. The next step will be transplanting the flower into open ground.
There are two types of petunias that do not produce seeds - these are surfinia and terry petunias. They are easy to propagate by cuttings.
For cuttings you need:
Roots form after three weeks. The plant overwinters at home at a temperature of 16 degrees.
Before planting a plant outside, it must be hardened for 10 days. Daytime temperature in the first half of the term should be +18-20 degrees during the day and at night - +16 degrees. In the following days, it is necessary to reduce the indicator by 2-3 degrees.
Petunia is planted in open ground in late spring - early summer. When planting young plants, you must follow the step-by-step instructions:
In order for the future plant to please with its abundant flowering, it is necessary to begin to properly care for it even during planting.
Care includes:
For planting petunias, you can use special peat-based soil mixtures or make the substrate yourself. Before planting flowers, it is necessary to disinfect the ground with a fungicide. This is necessary in order to protect the plant from various diseases.
Seedlings need to be watered in a timely and moderate manner. There are several rules for moisturizing petunias:
AT sunny weather it is best to water the seedlings in the evening, as during the day the water will actively evaporate.
During the germination of plants, it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature within +22 degrees. After the appearance of sprouts, it is necessary to reduce the temperature of the content: during the day - +20 degrees, and at night +16 degrees.
Plants are illuminated with phytolamps. This is necessary so that the seedlings do not stretch. Additional lighting is used after the sprouts have hatched. Lighting should continue 16 hours a day.
Petunia, like any other plant, has a high need for top dressing. You should use special fertilizers, according to the instructions.
Fertilizers with a high potassium content are excellent for top dressing. Use top dressing before watering. The first fertilizer plants do two weeks after transshipment. Fertilizer is applied every two weeks throughout the season.
In order for the plant to please with its splendor, it is necessary to pinch it. The procedure involves the removal of regrown shoots after the formation of 4-5 sheets.
A great place to grow petunias is the balcony. Loggias that face south are well suited.
The following plant varieties are suitable for the balcony:
Ampel and cascade varieties are planted in hanging flowerpots or tall flowerpots on the balcony. Garden ones are grown in boxes that are placed on the floor.
Before sowing seeds, it is necessary to prepare the soil. The soil can be purchased at a specialized store. The finished substrate should be mixed with garden soil and placed in a warm place. Preparation should be done in February.
Sowing begins in early March planting material into boxes. First you need to moisten the soil. Seeds are laid on the surface of the earth. The box must be covered from above with a film or glass. This creates a greenhouse effect.
The plant box must be on sunny side balcony. Petunias will thrive in good light. Covering material is removed with sufficient germination of sprouts. After the appearance of 3-4 leaves, you can start diving. Picking is done in plastic cups, in which you must first make holes for drainage. They will be in the container until transplanted into balcony containers.
Petunias are transplanted to a permanent place in May. At this time, the positive temperature is established and the threat of frost disappears. For planting, it is best to use boxes and special flowerpots. Petunias are planted at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other. To water the plants less often, you can use the earth mixed with hydrogel in a ratio of 5: 1.
Proper plant care includes:
Chlorosis can be identified by yellowing and faded leaves. Plants are treated with preparations based on iron chelate.
powdery mildew appears as spots on the leaves. To rid the plant of the disease, the Topaz fungicide is used.
For preventive purposes, it is necessary to spray the petunia every three weeks.
Petunia is a flowering plant that can please any gardener. They decorate not only flower beds in gardens, but also home balconies. You can grow a flower both by seeds and cuttings. BUT proper care will help to achieve lush and bright flowering throughout the season.
Petunia is a real decoration of the flower bed, when you need to find out from the lunar calendar when you sow it for seedlings in 2018. Astrologers have developed their recommendations for those flower growers who want to complete all the work on time. Some tips can be very useful, help create a flower bed of incredible beauty.
Many flower growers distinguish petunia from other plants; according to the lunar calendar, you can find out when to sow it for seedlings in 2018. The plant is an annual. In order for the flower garden to attract attention, it is necessary to plant seedlings annually. However, this does not scare many flower growers. Everyone wants to create a beautiful flower bed and admire its attractive appearance for a long time.
It is desirable to start growing seedlings in the second half of March. However, sowing time depends on many factors and can be adjusted.
With good lighting in the room, planting work is allowed to begin in the first decade of March.
If it is possible to organize additional lighting, you can start sowing seeds at the end of February. If the windows in the room face the north side, you should not start sowing seeds before April.
Note. Sowing dates depend on climatic conditions. In areas with a cool climate, work should begin in February.
After the calendar dates for sowing seeds have been determined, it is worth paying attention to the recommendations of astrologers. They will tell you what time is the most successful. If you follow the advice of experts, you can grow a strong and healthy seedlings. As a result, the flower bed will delight with bright flowering for a long time.
The month is not the most suitable for sowing flowers. The light day is short, it will not be possible to get strong seedlings without good lighting. It is best to postpone work for another time.
However, if you wish, you can start work in January.
Suitable days: 1, 19, 20, 26–29.
Inappropriate days: 2, 16–18, 31.
When to sow petunias for seedlings in 2018, you should find out from the lunar calendar. At this time, the days become longer. This means that the plants will receive much more light and heat. In February, it is not necessary to use additional lighting, in any case, the flowers will be able to develop normally.
Suitable days: 1–3, 21–26.
Inappropriate days: 15–17.
March is the most preferred month for planting. Many flower growers give their preference to March. At this time, daylight hours become longer. Seedlings will be able to get stronger, before planting it on a flower bed, the root system will be completely formed.
Suitable days: 1, 3, 4, 20–23, 28–30.
Inappropriate days: 2, 16–18, 31.
In April, it is allowed not only to sow petunias for seedlings, but also to plant flowers in open ground. Experts recommend paying attention to the following dates. It is best to work only on good days. This will allow you to grow beautiful and healthy plants.
Suitable days: 1, 18–21, 24–26, 29.
Inappropriate days: 15–17, 30.
To grow seedlings, many factors must be taken into account: plant variety, seed quality, climatic conditions, rules for planting and caring for flowers.
Choice seed. The choice of seeds should be taken responsibly. It is advisable to purchase them only from a trusted manufacturer.
Note. Petunia seeds have good germination. Out of 10 seeds, 7 will definitely sprout. However, for this it is necessary to follow certain landing rules.
Variety selection. Petunias can be of different varieties, each of them is special and unique. The following varieties are of particular interest:
Having decided when to sow petunias for seedlings in 2018 according to the lunar calendar, you can proceed directly to planting work:
The variant is the most common. For planting, you can use plastic pots. At the bottom of the tank, it is necessary to lay a layer of drainage, fill the prepared soil on top. Before sowing, the soil must be watered with boiling water.
This procedure will help protect plants from pests.
Important. Seeds should be spread out in containers without sprinkling them with earth.
As soon as the seedlings germinate, a pick is required. This is due to the fact that flowers have a powerful root system. When growing petunias in one container, you will not be able to get a good result.
A very simple and common way to grow strong seedlings of petunias is to use peat tablets. First, the tablet should be soaked in water, then the excess liquid should be removed. Each tablet should contain 1 seed. Use a pipette to irrigate.
Be sure to cover the crops with plastic wrap or glass, and place in a warm place. Tablets are convenient to use. Further picking is not necessary. In addition, the color of the containers can determine when to moisten the soil.
Cassettes are convenient because they are small in size. In specialized stores you can find different cassettes, and choose the most suitable option. Cassettes differ in the number and size of cells.
As for petunias, it is necessary to choose cells that have a height of at least 10 cm. Seeds can be planted in the ground or in tablets placed in cassettes.
To grow beautiful flowers, you need to properly care for the plants. Maintenance is pretty simple. However, there are a few things to keep in mind.
To obtain beautiful flower garden, when planting plants, it is necessary to take into account the natural and climatic conditions. Cool climates can kill petunias. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe the timing of planting flowers.
When to sow petunias for seedlings in 2018 will tell moon calendar. In order for the plants to bloom in May, it is worth starting sowing work in February. Experts recommend paying attention to the following dates: 1.02. – 15.02.
The period is optimal. However, you need to understand that seedlings need additional lighting. You should take care of special lamps in advance.
If for some reason it was not possible to sow the seeds in February, you can transfer the work to another month. In this case, the plants will bloom much later.
Petunia is a favorite plant of many flower growers, a real flower bed decoration. It looks interesting both in single and in group plantings. In order for the flower bed to always bloom, you need to prepare strong seedlings.
The advice of astrologers will help determine the most favorable time for planting. As a result, all activities will be carried out with maximum benefit, and the plants will be able to delight with their magnificence.
