They built a house for me in 2018, according to my design, by professionals in their field. The project itself is somewhat more expensive compared to its competitors, but in our village they built one more house and the owners were satisfied.
We ordered the construction of a bathhouse, they completed it in the shortest possible time, without any complaints about the work of the team.
The full cycle from material production to house assembly is organized perfectly. Quality, professionalism top level. I recommend.
It is very important to find your own manager who will advise not only when concluding a contract, but also during construction. We talked with Igor, as a result, the bathhouse is ready on the site, we are using it, everything is fine. Thank you.
Great houses, great service! They told us everything and helped us with the choice. You can see everything live - we went to a facility under construction roughly similar to ours, where we saw how they work, only after that we decided to build. We thank the managers and builders for their patience in answering all the questions!
In 2018 we ordered a bathhouse. We are very pleased with the work of the employees of this company. Starting with the estimate and ending with the construction team. We were lucky because of the promotion and received a sauna stove as a gift!
Thank you for the house with a sauna. The website lists some prices, but in reality it turns out to be more. But it’s understandable that the price indicated is for the very minimum, like everyone else on the Internet, if you want comfort, pay extra for extras. In general, “thank you” to the builders.
Baths have existed in Rus' since ancient times. And if in the old days the main task of the bathhouse was hygiene procedures and maintaining cleanliness, then in the modern world it is rather a place comfortable rest with family and friends, as well as the opportunity to demonstrate their financial viability, because not every Russian can afford their own bathhouse.
Nowadays, bathhouses are built from exceptionally high quality materials so that they are comfortable, practical and serve faithfully for many years.
A modern bathhouse is not just a steam room. This is a whole multifunctional complex that includes everything that could be located in a comfortable house: the steam room itself, a recreation room, a gym or billiard room, a small swimming pool and an open veranda.
A spacious terrace is perhaps the biggest dream of any metropolis resident who values outdoor recreation in the company of close friends. However, if your cottage is not equipped with a veranda, as is often the case in old private houses and modern standard cottages, then you can compensate for this shortcoming and build a bathhouse in the yard, equipping it with a functional recreation area.
Thanks to this, you can solve several problems at once:
Terraces can be equipped with barbecues, grills and barbecues, without which no picnic is complete. There are other pleasant bonuses of such structures - you can fry kebabs and prepare other snacks right on the veranda.
In addition, the joint construction of a bathhouse and a terrace allows you to maintain a single architectural style and comply with the concept of landscape design throughout the entire site. There is no need to connect separately located objects with paths, and this significantly increases the total usable area land plot, which can be used for a flower bed, rock garden or lawn.
And, of course, combining a bathhouse with a resting place allows you to save on construction work, since the wall of the bathhouse simultaneously serves as the wall of the veranda, and this significantly reduces the consumption of necessary materials.
Special attention should be paid to the fact that connecting a terrace with a bathhouse is much more difficult than constructing them at the same time.
If the common foundation was not laid at the stage of foundation construction, then it is better to abandon the idea of a bathhouse + terrace “2 in 1”, especially if the soil is heaving. In this case, both parts will shrink differently, which leads to cracking of the walls.
If you are determined to combine two functional buildings, then it is worth considering the basic aspects of this technological process.
It is optimal to build a veranda only after the building has completed shrinkage, after that they equip a columnar foundation and build a building perimeter on it.
To reduce the likelihood of distortions, the terrace can simply not be connected to the main wall bath complex, and mask all the gaps that appear using polyurethane foam or using sliding fasteners.
It is better to arrange the roof separately for both structural elements, and so that water does not flood between the roof of the bathhouse and the covering of the veranda, they will equip an ebb L-shaped. It is placed 2-3 cm above the terrace and mounted to a log frame.
Most builders assure that the bathhouse should be wooden, and the most the best material is coniferous wood. This is a very common misconception. The fact is that coniferous wood is characterized by increased resin content, and this resin begins to emit a pungent odor under conditions of elevated temperature. That is why it is recommended to take coniferous varieties only for the construction of frame boxes, but for the finishing interior decoration you should give preference to linden, alder or oak wood.
Keep in mind that pine, juniper and cedar vapors have a beneficial effect on the body only in small quantities. When inhaling large doses, you can cause significant harm to the respiratory tract - their passages become blocked, and inhalation/exhalation becomes difficult.
It is equally important to decide standard form wood material. Many people use logs when constructing baths, since such buildings can work effectively in any season in a wide variety of climatic conditions. Other consumers prefer timber. Such material is more expensive than logs. However, its operational parameters are also higher: the timber is laid faster, but cracks much less often.
In any case, both types of wood blanks are suitable for building a bathhouse with a terrace, and the final choice is only a matter of personal preference of the owner of the site.
Well suited for the construction of sauna houses gas silicate blocks and foam concrete. These are relatively inexpensive materials that effectively solve all problems associated with the thermal insulation of a room.
The only thing you need to pay attention to Special attention– this is equipment for highly effective waterproofing of walls and their high-quality putty. The air in the steam room is humid, so walls must be reliably protected from the adverse effects of moisture. Nowadays, practically no brick baths are built, although this material is considered the most optimal for finishing the façade of a country building; they also look very stylish decorative fencing brick verandas.
For those who are looking original solutions For your site, we can recommend a round bathhouse with a terrace, built using environmentally friendly clay technology. All it takes is a couple of dump trucks of wood, a cart of hay and a large machine of clay.
At its core, creating a bathhouse project with a terrace is, in general, a simple task, but in practice it requires compliance with and application of a large number of the most different rules and principles.
The area of the steam room must be at least 10 square meters. m, and the ceiling height is not lower than 2 m– with this arrangement of the bathhouse, three people can be in the room at the same time without loss of comfort.
For any bathhouse, it is important to have the possibility of natural water drainage, so the subfloor, as a rule, is made at a certain angle.
When installing a bath complex, it is prohibited to install cables, lamps and shades; If they come into contact with steam, they may cause an accident. When constructing such premises, it is worth giving preference to specialized materials, although they are by no means cheap.
Depending on the location of the bathhouse and terrace, there are several types of layouts: open, closed and corner.
A mansion with a large open veranda and equipped steam rooms is not only stylish, but also quite comfortable. On the veranda at any time you can equip a small functional gazebo, set up a grill or barbecue for barbecuing and preparing other dishes for which access to air is important.
The terrace often serves as a playground for small children, a place for meeting guests and dancing. It is on the veranda that it is so comfortable to read, draw or just relax even in the most inclement weather, since it is, as a rule, reliably protected from the wind and sun.
For greater comfort, you can hang curtains; they will protect from the piercing wind and annoying mosquitoes and other stinging insects.
Today, more and more owners of private houses and cottages give preference to the maximum effective use their land plots. Land, especially those located within the city, in the vast majority of cases are small in size, but the owners want to build a bathhouse with a gazebo and other recreational facilities in their yard. This is especially important during the landscape planning stage.
If there is no house on the new site, but its construction is planned for several years, then first you should build a bathhouse. At first, it can be used not only for its intended purpose, but also play the role of a summer kitchen, warehouse and storage place for garden tools. Subsequently, a garage can be built above the bathhouse and on the sides of it, as well as living rooms and equip a connected veranda. This type of structure is called closed.
This also includes projects of free-standing bath structures, to which a covered veranda is attached.
She increases total area spaces for relaxation and solves a number of problems:
As a rule, panoramic glazing is used in closed terraces, and the glass is made transparent or mosaic.
Corner types of baths with a terrace are quite popular and widespread. This arrangement is considered a modern trend in garden construction. The design has a unique configuration, takes up little space on the site, and fits harmoniously into any landscape design and is combined with other buildings in the yard. Well, besides, such a bathhouse with a veranda is quite spacious inside due to its shape.
Corner modifications are preferred in situations where it is necessary for the bathhouse to be as close as possible to the cottage, almost right next to it - this may be due to the characteristics of the site or the personal wishes of the owner of the house. In this case, the terrace, which is adjacent to the main building, can have any shape - square or rectangular.
The corner bath is ergonomic. The use of this type of layout creates conditions for a more logical and beautiful use of the site area, and also allows you to tidy up the areas adjacent to the house.
A distinctive feature of corner structures is their unique shape. In the traditional version, the basic functional area of the room (the steam room and shower itself) are located perpendicular to the leisure area.
In corner-type buildings, the stove is located in the middle between the steam room and the recreation room, thanks to this the entire space is heated, which is extremely important in cold weather winter time of the year.
Corner structures are optimal for small areas. They are located on one of the corners of the local area, take up little space and fit into any landscape composition.
Buildings in the shape of a triangle always look quite stylish and attract attention with their architectural design. It is the corner baths with verandas that are considered the most acceptable in terms of ergonomics, practicality and functionality.
The choice of a specific project for building a bathhouse with a terrace most often depends on the parameters of the local area.
The steam room has been loved by the Russian people for a very long time. To this day, it is customary for large companies and entire families to go to the bathhouse, because it is not only a pleasant pastime, but also a process that brings undeniable benefits to the body. Almost every owner suburban area I would like to build a bathhouse on my territory. Corner baths are considered very convenient and visually attractive buildings, which are gaining increasing popularity today.
Such buildings have a whole set of positive characteristics, thanks to which they are so popular among consumers.
Triangular steam rooms have very few disadvantages. The main disadvantage that you may encounter when building a “corner” is the special architectural and planning characteristics of the site itself. However, if a professional is working on the project, then in such cases we will resolve the issue.
Corner-shaped buildings are very economical in terms of consumption of building materials and are convenient to use.
It is worth paying special attention to the issue of choosing a place to build a bathhouse and its orientation. It is better to build a triangular paired building in the far corner of the site so that the entrance is not visible either from the street or from neighboring sites. The distance from the residential building to the steam room should be at least 10 meters, and to the fence - from 5 meters on all sides of the building. This is done so that there is unobstructed access to it along the entire perimeter in case of a fire. For the same purpose, the building is placed on the leeward side.
According to the definition of regulations, a bathhouse is defined as a commercial building. Accordingly, no permit is required for its construction. But despite this, develop a competent detailed project still worth it. Firstly, this will help to find out what building materials are needed for the work, and, secondly, an approximate estimate will appear with an assessment of the planned cash investments. Project documentation can be obtained in several ways: order from professionals; develop independently using special computer programs or draw by hand; take advantage of ready-made developments found on the Internet.
At the initial stage, a technical specification is drawn up that determines the area of each room. The dressing room is the first room into which a person enters when entering the bathhouse. Here, as a rule, firewood is stored, and there is a place for changing clothes and hanging clothes and shoes. Often, the dressing room is combined with a rest room, if there is not enough separate space for the latter. A double-glazed window is placed here at a level of 1 meter from the floor plane. The doorway is standard: 1.8 m by 0.8 m, opening to the street.
The most important room- steam room. The area of the steam room is calculated based on 1 m² per visitor. The size of the stove must also be taken into account. The most the best option for the steam room there is a metal wood-burning stove, which is placed at a distance of 100 cm from the wall surfaces and fenced with a small brick partition so that visitors do not get burned. The heater itself should be in the steam room, and the firebox in the relaxation room.
Window openings in the steam room, as a rule, are not made. More often they are replaced by a ventilation duct. If a window is still planned, then its size is 30 by 30 cm with double glazing, and its location is the wall opposite the stove. It is better to orient the opening to the west side so that the room has natural light most of the day. The interior decoration also depends on the area. If the size allows, then it is advisable to place comfortable benches here, on which you can lie down and relax. In another option, only seating areas are provided. The steam room door must have a high threshold to minimize heat loss. Dimensions 1.5 m by 0.8 m, opening outwards.
Washing room. The equipment of this room depends on the area. You can place just a shower or an entire swimming pool in the washroom. The minimum room size is 1.8 m by 1.8 m. The window here is designed at a height of 1.5 m so as not to allow drafts.
Bathroom. To place one toilet you will need a room with dimensions of 1.2 m by 0.8 m. The rest room is the largest and most comfortable area. Here you can relax after a steam bath and chat over a cup of herbal tea. A mandatory attribute of the guest space is a table with benches made of wood.
The optimal design of a corner bath includes a dressing room, a steam room, a guest room, a bathroom and a washing room.
The next design stage is the choice of material for the construction of a corner sauna. The most popular raw materials will be various types of lumber, brick and gas concrete blocks. The first (in different types) are attractive because the wood is absolutely safe for human body. In addition, the final cost wooden bath much lower than its brick counterpart.
Today, the following types of wood materials can be used to build a sauna.
Brick saunas are durable and do not require any pre-treatment. Brick is environmentally friendly, fireproof and visually attractive. In addition, he has high thermal insulation characteristics. It is possible to construct buildings of any shape and architecture from it. But do not forget that brick raw materials strongly absorb moisture, so for a bath you will need good ventilation and vapor barrier. In addition, this is the most expensive raw material.
Having chosen the material suitable for construction, you should think about designing the foundation. Its type is determined precisely by the raw materials. Typically, masters use the following options.
Foundation types
A relatively new material for the construction of steam rooms is gas silicate block elements, which are valued for their light weight and ease of processing.
Having drawn up the design documentation, you can safely begin construction work. It is very important before starting to decide on the place where the building will stand. When choosing, many factors should be taken into account: soil type, topography, presence of sewerage, drainage systems and open natural reservoirs. Having decided on the location, you should begin purchasing high-quality raw materials.
Timber for the construction of a corner steam room on a site is chosen by the consumer quite often, because this raw material is available, environmentally friendly, and the construction process itself does not require any special skills, as a result of which you can build a bathhouse with your own hands. The purchased timber must have a flat and smooth surface, treated with special antifungal and fire-fighting compounds. If the material is of poor quality, this will affect not only the installation of the crowns, but also the service life.
To determine the quality of a wooden beam, you need to pay attention to the following points:
As for the type of wood for bath construction, then for lower crowns It is better to choose larch with high insulating qualities. The rest is laid out from various coniferous species.
It all starts with building the foundation. For a bathhouse made of profiled timber, two types are suitable. Which one to choose will depend on the type of soil. Clay soil is characterized by deep underground water, so it is advisable to make a columnar foundation here. To do this, columns are dug in throughout the entire area of the future building, namely in the load-bearing walls and in the corners, at a distance of about 0.5 m from each other. The base of the pillars is poured concrete composition, forming a special pillow.
For a strip foundation, a previously prepared trench is filled with concrete. The main thing: keep in mind that the base should rise 50 cm above ground level. Complete drying of the concrete pour occurs in 2–3 weeks, after which you can begin to construct the building.
To ensure a long service life of the bath, the foundation must be well insulated. To do this, a layer of molten bitumen is poured onto it and covered with layers of roofing felt. This operation is performed twice, after which everything cools and dries.
Laying the first crown. The lowest layer of the building consists of small slats impregnated with an antiseptic composition that protects against fungal pests and mold. Insulation is laid between the slats. On at this stage It is important to maintain horizontality. The next layer is a thick beam, which will bear the entire weight of the building. To do this, choose raw materials measuring 20 by 20, then 15 by 15. The lower beams are not attached to the foundation, since due to the total weight of the structure it will be well fixed to the base.
Laying flooring and erecting wall surfaces. The floor should be installed at a slope of 2–4 degrees in one direction. This will ensure that water flows in one direction in the future. Logs are placed that act as attachment points floor surface. Wall partitions are erected from beams, which are aligned and fastened together with pins or dowels. Insulation in the form of moss or tow is laid between the beams.
Placement of window and door openings. When erecting wall partitions, it is necessary to leave marks in advance in the places where windows and doors will be located in the future. It is along these marks that bars of appropriate sizes are cut.
Construction of the roof. Before completing construction and starting to cover the roof, you should give the entire complex time to settle. On average it will take about six months. During this period, it should be covered with a layer of timber, on top of which a sheet of roofing material or slate is laid.
After the shrinkage period has expired, construction of the gable roof begins. A rafter system is assembled from beams with a cross-section of 12 by 5, onto which transverse boards are attached. Sheets of slate are laid on them.
To lay a sewer drain, a pipe is used that runs from the drainage point to the septic tank. The pipe is dug into the ground at a slope to ensure natural drainage of water.
The construction of this, and any other brick sauna, also begins with the arrangement of the foundation. Since this structure is quite heavy, a strip type of foundation is chosen. A trench is dug for it, the bottom is covered with a sand cushion 150 mm thick. Then the formwork is built and reinforced with steel rods. All this is filled with concrete. In this state, the trench dries out for about a month to gain strength.
Before laying walls made of bricks or foam blocks, the base is waterproofed with roofing felt. The masonry is done using a mortar of cement and sand. After each laid layer, the surface is checked for horizontalness building level. A concrete beam lintel should be placed over the openings of windows and doors. When the wall partitions are laid out, floor beams are laid and a rafter system is erected for the future roof.
L-shaped bathhouse project
The main element in the steam room is the stove. It is better to give preference to a traditional heater rectangular shape, which, if desired, can be decorated with various inserts made of stone or glass. It is very important that you feel comfortable spending time in the steam room, and multi-tiered rooms can provide this. corner shelves and better rounded shape. So that you can easily use a broom, the ceiling height from the top shelf is 1.5 m, the distance between the benches themselves is about 1 m.
Based on Russian traditions and the purpose of the bathhouse, high-quality wood is chosen for its finishing. The design of a corner (like any other) steam room has certain requirements that should not be neglected. Firstly, lining of soft wood shades is used for cladding inside the building. The interior is very warm and relaxing. In addition, the naturalness of this material puts it in a leading position, bypassing its plastic counterparts.
Secondly, interior decoration must not contain sharp corners. Due to possible slipperiness and humidity, it is necessary to minimize the risk of injury when using the premises. Thirdly, the steam room must be filled with all the necessary attributes for a good rest. These can be various aromatic compositions, washcloths, hats with gloves, brooms and more. The choice of wood for interior design is obvious, because it is an environmentally friendly raw material with low thermal conductivity, which makes it suitable for use in steam rooms. high temperatures oh and high humidity very comfortable.
Inside the sauna are selected lighting with soft dim light. It is better to choose models with anti-fog lamps made in pastel colors. Devices can be placed both on the walls and on the ceiling - it all depends on personal preferences. Doors will add special aesthetics to the interior design of the bathhouse. Today you can use traditional solid products, modern glass models, giving the room a pleasant appearance.
As for the external design of a corner sauna, the main condition for choosing a suitable concept is harmonious combination with a common landscape.
As a rule, it is not customary to sheathe structures made of wood with anything. The design of a corner bath consists of impregnating the elements with special protective compounds, which can emphasize the texture of the wood, shading it. If the building is built of brick or block elements, then it is possible to use decorative cladding siding, block house, lining and other materials imitating wood or stone texture.
Any bath complex has a separate guest room inside. However, in good weather you really want to spend time on fresh air. For such a pastime, various types of extensions are used.
The terrace is attached to the sauna and is located at a height of 50 cm above the ground cover. Corner baths with a terrace look attractive, and an additional platform allows you to accommodate people outdoors. Thanks to the common roof, the combined structures look very harmonious. Also, a barbecue area is often set up on the open terrace. For this purpose, special equipment is installed on which wonderful dishes are prepared. If desired and if there is free space, it is possible to arrange a separate attached gazebo, on which a barbecue oven will also be laid out.
Another excellent solution for arranging relaxation outside the walls of the sauna are corner baths with closed veranda. Thanks to the glazing, it can be used even in bad weather, which maximizes the functionality of the entire complex. When designing a corner steam room with a veranda or terrace, you should follow some rules.
A bathhouse with an attic can be considered a full-fledged recreation complex. Thanks to this equipped attic space it is possible to expand the usable area of the building, creating a separate room there for a pleasant stay. A swimming pool will be an excellent addition to the corner bath complex. However, its presence should be thought about at the design stage, because this design requires certain manipulations with the equipment of the sewer system.
Today, every owner of a plot of land has access to their own corner bath building. The choice of projects and layouts makes it possible to build a full-fledged steam room even on the most small areas, and the simplicity of the construction process allows you to independently turn all your ideas into reality.
In most cases corner house projects have one floor. But depending on the requirements and desires of the customer, it is possible to build a house with several floors. Typically, such buildings are chosen by owners of large families or those who need large space and plenty of rooms. Layout corner house may include an attic, a terrace, and, if there are several floors, balconies. Before starting the design and construction of corner buildings, it is important to pay attention to a number of features. In order for there to be enough light in a corner house, it is necessary to correctly orient the building relative to the cardinal directions. And in order to preserve heat, it is important to take into account the wind rose.
Gaining more and more popularity projects corner baths . An angled layout allows for the most convenient and economical zoning of the bathhouse. In addition, the presence of a design feature in the form of a corner allows for the most optimal and compact placement of several buildings under one roof. This could be a bathhouse combined with a swimming pool, barbecue area, gazebo or terrace.
The convenience and practicality of corner houses are quite obvious - they will fit perfectly into narrow or corner areas. The absence of large and high stairs, with a one-story corner house, eliminates constant descents and ascents, and also increases mobility inside the house. There are buildings with external and internal corners.
The bathhouse has become a traditional place of relaxation in our country for a very long time. Today is a great opportunity to combine wellness treatments and socializing with friends. This is the best remedy for winter depression and boredom. Bath today - an integral part of most projects of country houses and dachas. Build good bath, meeting all your requirements is not an easy task. However, once you have built a quality bathhouse and understood the intricacies of construction and design, you will be able to enjoy the results for decades.
Depending on the customer’s needs, modern construction companies offer a variety of projects - from compact one-story 3x3 houses to two-story spacious baths with a swimming pool, bathroom, terrace and gazebo, in addition to the main premises - a washing room and a steam room. The bathhouse can be a separate building on the local area, or it can have a common roof with the house or be connected to it by a covered gallery.
A modern bathhouse is built from the usual wooden beams or logs, but also from expanded clay blocks, SIP panels, bricks and other materials. The choice of possible options is so wide that you can choose a project that 100 percent satisfies all your requirements and budget. It is necessary that the bathhouse also meets safety rules (primarily fire safety), GOST, building codes and regulations (SNiP).
It was mentioned above that the materials for building a bathhouse can be very diverse. Each type of material has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.
A wooden bathhouse has many advantages. This is environmentally friendly, and the pleasant smell of wood in the room, and good thermal insulation. The tree releases health-promoting substances when exposed to high temperatures, thus creating an aromatherapy effect. A wooden bathhouse will last at least 10 years. Wood specially treated with antiseptics can last 2-3 times longer.
Log (rounded or chopped) – traditional material for the construction of a bathhouse. When choosing the type of tree, it is better to choose coniferous species, for example, pine, spruce, larch. They are suitable for all rooms except the steam room, due to the strong smell of resin. For a steam room, wood species such as aspen, linden, birch or oak are more suitable. Saunas made from rounded or chopped pine logs are durable and not susceptible to rotting. Often logs from birch, oak and aspen or linden are used to build a bathhouse. Linden and aspen hold heat well and do not burn the skin when heated. The construction of one floor of a bathhouse requires about 10 rows of logs. In most cases, preference is given to rounded logs with ready-made corner joints and grooves for insulation.
Wooden beam It is considered a highly environmentally friendly material, durable, has low thermal conductivity and is therefore perfect for a bath. A bathhouse made of timber looks aesthetically pleasing, the walls are smooth and pleasant to the touch. In construction, ordinary profiled or double timber is used.
Double timber consists of several layers: internal and external, between which insulation (ecowool) and various substances (antiseptics, boric acid etc.) ensuring the fire safety of the building. A wall made of double timber has high thermal efficiency, despite the fact that its thickness is only 220 mm. The small thickness of the timber also ensures quick heating of the bath. Another important advantage is that a sauna made of timber can be built in a short time (about 3 months) and at any time of the year.
Brick is used quite often to build bathhouses because it is environmentally friendly and more durable than wood, looks aesthetically pleasing and does not require additional cladding, and has good thermal insulation. The main advantage is fire resistance and safety from the point of view of external influences. The main disadvantage is the high price, long construction times and costs for additional insulation and ventilation systems. Brick bath It takes quite a long time to warm up - warming up time can reach several hours. However, such a bathhouse will serve for a long time; after a few years, only replacement of the interior decoration will be required.
Expanded clay blocks are made from a mixture of expanded clay, cement, water and sand. They are considered environmentally friendly, durable (subject to certain operating rules) and quite budget material. Due to their low thermal conductivity, expanded clay blocks are frost-resistant. The blocks for construction are quite large - the average block has dimensions of 390x90x188. Thanks to this, in contrast to a brick bathhouse, such a building can be erected in a very short time.
Used in construction different kinds blocks: wall, partition, chimney, front, row, corner or dressing. Therefore, if a set of blocks is ordered, it is important that they have certain markings. There are also blocks to choose from: solid or hollow.
The main disadvantage of expanded clay blocks is their high hygroscopicity, due to which moisture can accumulate in the block. This leads to the destruction of walls. Therefore, when building a bathhouse made of expanded clay, it is necessary to carefully consider the ventilation system to prevent the accumulation of steam in the walls. Calibrated (multi-slotted) blocks with a tongue-and-groove connection are excellent for building a bathhouse. Due to the presence of many longitudinal slots, heat transfer increases, thereby increasing the strength of the walls.
Construction of a bathhouse made of aerated concrete or foam concrete is cheaper than other materials. The main advantage of aerated concrete blocks is speed and ease of construction. They are also energy efficient and have good thermal insulation. The service life of such a bathhouse is longer than that of wood. The blocks are light in weight, do not load the foundation, and are suitable for building a bathhouse anywhere. When choosing lightweight concrete panels as a building material, you must definitely think about insulation and siding ( external cladding). The interior walls of the steam room are decorated with wood treated with an antiseptic. This has both utilitarian and aesthetic significance. Wood is pleasant to the skin, does not burn, retains heat and looks beautiful. After several years of use, only the interior decoration is replaced; the concrete blocks remain in the same condition and do not require replacement. Internal walls The washroom is most often laid out with non-slip ceramic tiles.
For construction baths will do A fairly fashionable material today is SIP panels. They are made from compressed wood chips and polystyrene foam insulation. Sauna walls made from SIP panels are lightweight and do not require a deep foundation. You can build a bathhouse from panels in just three days. Another advantage is good thermal insulation, thanks to which the bathhouse warms up quickly and well. If you use special SIP panels (made from OSB-3 boards), you can protect the walls from rot and mold. It is better not to build a bathhouse from SIP panels yourself, but to seek the help of craftsmen. It is very difficult to build such walls yourself in a high-quality manner. Disadvantages include: high cost material, fragility and deformation at temperatures from 120 degrees.
Before building a bathhouse, you need to decide on the project. You can use ready-made projects, contact specialists, or create a project yourself. This important stage, despite the fact that the construction of a bathhouse does not require obtaining permission and project approval. Preliminary design will allow you to avoid mistakes during construction and with calculations of materials and the budget for construction.
First you need to decide on the number and size of the premises.
The choice of building size will depend on several factors. Firstly, it depends on the size of the local area. Secondly, it depends on the size of the family and the companies with whom you will be vacationing there. Thirdly, from financial capabilities, since high-quality materials will be quite expensive. The bathhouse can be a separate house or located under the same roof as the house. Separate sauna must be at least 10 meters from the house. This is necessary both for safety reasons and to prevent smoke from the stove from entering living rooms. Baths look modern with pitched roof or a canopy for a garage. Modern design companies offer many different models and styles of baths; you just need to decide on the area for construction.
Bathhouse projects larger than 10 m2 usually include a dressing room (vestibule). He performs important function in construction. This is a place to store a supply of firewood, outerwear and shoes, and most importantly, a transition zone between a street with a low temperature and a heated bathhouse. The dressing room can be equipped into a rest room or combined with it. For comfort, this part of the bath should occupy an area twice as large as the steam room. The front door opens outwards, and it is better to place it on the south side, then the snowdrifts in front of the door will be lower. Double-glazed windows are located 1 meter from the floor.
Ideally, the stove is located in the relaxation room and heats both it and the steam room. In this case, the firebox is located in the relaxation room, the heater is located in the steam room. The shelves in the steam room must be positioned so that there is room for the stove and for passages to the shelves. The location of the shelves may be different depending on the position in which visitors will steam (sitting or lying down). If the steam room does not provide ventilation duct, then you need to place a small window with double glass in it to ventilate the bath.
The steam room door is usually smaller and has a height of about 1500 mm with a high threshold. The steam room can be combined with a washing room and separated by a small partition. It must be taken into account that in this case the temperature in the room will be slightly lower and the air more humid.
The washing room is most often designed as a separate room. Depending on the size of the bathhouse, it may contain a shower, as well as a plunge pool or a swimming pool, as well as a bathroom in a separate area. In case of space limitations, the pool and plunge pool are located outside. The size of the washing room should be larger than the steam room, otherwise it will not be comfortable to use. There is also a window in the washing area. It should be located under the ceiling, at a distance of 1.5 meters from the floor, to avoid drafts.
Depending on the size of the area, the layout of the first floor of the bathhouse includes a terrace or summer veranda. It is important that the bathhouse and the veranda are built from the same materials, and also located at a distance of 10-15 mm from each other, that is, without a rigid connection of foundations. The distance between them is filled with elastic material and covered with platbands. The bathhouse floor should be 50 mm lower than the veranda floor. This is explained by the fact that the weight of a bathhouse with a stove and a veranda are significantly different, so rigid fixation of the roofs and soles can cause the building to skew and deform. In this case, the veranda must be designed together with the bathhouse. If the bathhouse has already been built, then you can add a terrace instead of a veranda.
A bathhouse with a second floor doubles as a country house, and places for overnight guests, and for relaxation and recreational water treatments. In projects of two-story baths on the second floor, you can think about the placement of living space: a guest room, a bedroom, as well as a billiard room, a recreation room and a balcony. Instead of a full second floor, you can also equip it as a guest room or bedroom attic floor. If you have a bathhouse, you need to allocate a dressing room, the rest of the space is 2 floors or an equipped attic. It is necessary to carefully consider the location of supporting structures and a solid foundation, since additional load is created on the foundation. Second important point is heat and vapor barrier between floors. Otherwise, it will not be possible to avoid the appearance of mold on the ceiling.
Designing a corner bathhouse can cause some difficulties when zoning, but it allows you to significantly save on space. The layout of the corner bath involves the location of a relaxation room and a steam room on both sides of the stove (the firebox goes into the rest room, the heater into the steam room). The entrance to the bathhouse is covered on both sides.
The most common designs of small one-story baths measuring about 16 m2 imply the presence of three main rooms: a steam room, a washroom (shower) and a relaxation room. It can be a square bathhouse measuring 3x3 or 4x4, or a rectangular one with a wall ratio of 5 by 3 or 6 by 3. A 3x5 bathhouse is quite suitable for one person or a small family. The size of the steam room is no more than 4 m2. For example, a project for a small bathhouse measuring 4x3. We divide the entire space into 2 parts: a steam room and a small shower room, separated by a thin partition, together make up half of the area (2x3), the second half is a relaxation room also measuring 2x3. Such a bathhouse can be either a separate building or an extension to the house. Today, many customers are attracted by combined projects, for example, bathhouses with a utility block (with a barn) under one roof. For a small bathhouse, a foundation on stilts is suitable.
Such a bathhouse may include, in addition to three main rooms, also a place for a kitchen, as well as a veranda or dressing room. The layout can also include a separate toilet. The lounge room has enough space for upholstered furniture. This is a bathhouse in which you can spend the night if necessary. She looks more like a mini country house. A typical project for an average 6x3 bathhouse may have the following layout. We divide the entire area into three parts along the long side: a relaxation room (3x2), a washing room (2x2) and a dressing room (1x2) in the middle, a steam room (3x2). The relaxation room, washing room and steam room are located one behind the other in this order. From the dressing room there is an entrance to the rest room. Another option for an average typical dacha is square, with 3-4 rooms, and measures 5x5. For an average wooden bathhouse, you can use a columnar foundation. This is a simple design that is perfect for lightweight wooden buildings.
A large one-story bathhouse measuring about 40 m2 is suitable for a summer house with a large local area. It may have a separate dressing room, a more spacious veranda and kitchen, as well as a swimming pool and barbecue terrace. You can create a project with a small font. A huge number of projects of large baths with dimensions of 6x8 or slightly larger - 9x7, with terraces and a vestibule, are presented by famous designers. A bathhouse with 6 by 8 walls contains all the necessary components of a good bathhouse: on the ground floor you can place a steam room, a washing room, a relaxation room, a bathroom, a terrace and a vestibule. A bathhouse with a wall ratio of 7 to 9 is, in fact, a small country house. Even one-story bathhouse This size can be equipped with everything necessary for a good rest.
Depending on the size of the bath, the entire space can be divided into 3 or more zones. Even a minimum size bath of 2x3 is recommended to be divided internal partitions, and not leave one room. Firstly, the steam room small size it warms up faster, and secondly, the washing room should be separate so that the steam room does not smell damp. And finally, the dressing room must be protected from steam, otherwise it will not be comfortable to be in it.
First, you need to allocate a dressing room, the rest of the space is for a washing room and steam room. Usually in a small bathhouse a small area is allocated for him at the entrance, on one side of which there is a door to the street, on the other to the washing room. The smallest dressing room has enough space for a small bench. A third of the entire area is enough for this. If the bathhouse is larger than 2x3, for example, 6x6, then a large area can be allocated for the dressing room, combining it with a relaxation room. Then you can allocate half of the entire area for this zone. If the space allows, then in front of the vestibule you can build a terrace or allocate an area for a veranda. In this case, an indoor recreation room is not necessary; it can be equipped on the terrace and used in summer time. This option is ideal if the bathhouse is attached to the house and you can relax in the winter directly in the house.
Next, you should separate the steam room from the washing room. Combined washing and steam rooms are not uncommon, but ideally there should be a partition between them. If the bathhouse is used by one person or a small family, then it is enough to allocate an area of 600x600 mm for the washing area. It can only accommodate a shower. The rest of the area will be equipped as a steam room. If possible and necessary, you can also place a bathroom, swimming pool or plunge pool in the washing area. An example of zoning a 20m2 (4x5) bathhouse: relaxation room 8.5 m2, washroom and bathroom 2.2 m2, steam room 4.8 m2.
The most important area of the sauna is the steam room. When planning the size of the steam room, you need to take into account that one person requires 1 m2 plus space for the stove. As a rule, the minimum size of a steam room is 2 m2. If the stove is not brick, but metal, then it should be separated by a brick partition to avoid burns. Also, the metal stove should be located at a distance of 1 meter from the wall. This does not apply to a brick oven.
When zoning a steam room, not only the preferences of the owners are important, but also the rules fire safety and building standards.
The size of the steam room is determined by several factors:
In a small steam room, 1-2 seats are enough, in a large one you can place several horizontal shelves. To save space, you can arrange the shelves in a cascade. Additional rooms and areas (billiard room, bedroom, kitchen) are allocated depending on the available space. Often these rooms are located on the second floor.
Interior decoration is a stage no less important than the design of premises. The design of a modern bath has many variations, from traditional to very original and innovative ones. One thing remains virtually unchanged - the predominance of wood in the interior. Wood itself looks aesthetically pleasing from a design and interior point of view. Several important details in the interior will add even more atmosphere to the interior.
The walls and ceiling of the steam room and relaxation room can be covered with clapboard or boards. The following types of wood have a pleasant texture and aroma: linden, aspen, poplar, oak, as well as the expensive African abashi oak.
Original antique design options are often created thanks to special wood processing(brushing and firing). In such interiors, it is necessary to use textiles with embroidery, forged elements, carved wooden accessories, and walls decorated with brooms. This creates the atmosphere of a forest hut. This gives the interior a certain originality. The protective grille on the metal parts of the stove, as well as the wooden frames of mirrors in the washing room and steam room, can be turned into a decorative element. You can use unprocessed logs and pieces of stones on the walls as decoration.
In the majority modern baths more often you can still see perfectly smooth, even and often varnished boards and modern minimalist decor. The shelves must be treated with oil, wax impregnations or aqualac. Instead of traditional lamps and lighting with wooden lampshades use small LED bulbs. In general, the lighting in the bathhouse is calm, dim, creating an atmosphere of relaxation and intimacy. Decor in a modern bathhouse, as a rule, is minimal - these are chrome-plated faucets in the sink, tiles on the floor, and a few interior accessories.
Rounded corners and flowing silhouettes of bathhouse furniture are practically the rule today. The roundness in the interior follows the texture of wood and complements it, creating a feeling of fluidity and relaxation.
Bathhouse floors can also be laid out with boards or clapboard. Today, tiles are more often used for flooring because they are easier to keep clean and look more modern. The most suitable for a bath are calm ones. pastel shades in everything, including decor. The washing room can be completely tiled, but in the steam room only the floor. For convenience, you can put a wooden grate on top of the tiles in the steam room. Instead of tiles, you can also use lining treated with a special aqualak.
Depending on the taste, preferences and needs of the owners and finances, the style of the bathhouse can be very diverse - Russian bathhouse, chalet, Finnish sauna, Turkish hammam, Roman bathhouse, Japanese bathhouse (ofuro, sento or furako), etc. Each type of bathhouse has its own a certain style of construction and interior. In addition, it can be built in general style with a house and other buildings on the territory. Let's consider several styles of bathhouse interiors.
Bathhouse in Russian style, as a rule, implies the presence of only two or three rooms: a dressing room, a wash room and the steam room itself. “Lubok decor”, wooden carvings, brooms on the walls, an embroidered tablecloth and a samovar, as well as rugs on the benches are considered traditional. The Russian bathhouse is small in size, making it easy to warm up to the desired temperature. average temperature indoors - from 45 to 70 degrees. Construction materials are usually wood, less often brick. A mandatory element of a Russian bath is a brick or metal stove. It is usually located between the relaxation room and the steam room. Ideally, a Russian bathhouse is built near a pond. If it is not there, a font or pool is installed next to the bathhouse building.
Bathhouse in Scandinavian style(Finnish sauna) differs from the Russian one, primarily in that the air temperature in it significantly exceeds the temperature of the Russian bath and reaches 130-160 degrees. The Finnish sauna has a very simple interior, maximum natural materials in decoration, minimum decor. Ideally, it should be located in a picturesque place so that after bathing procedures you can enjoy a beautiful view of the forest or lake. Finishing Finnish sauna the inside is usually made of light wood. The furniture also has simple, clear shapes, without patterns or carvings. Scandinavian style is an eco-style, so emphasized environmental friendliness is visible in everything - from construction to decor. The interior itself may have 1-2 bright accents, otherwise neutral tones.
Sauna in the style of a chalet - an alpine house, also has some elements of country style, as well as eco. Used for interior natural wood and stone, natural skins, rugs and carpets in the relaxation room, original lighting using LEDs, mosaics, etc., as well as a mountain landscape from the window. There is a lot of wood in the decor (logs, logs, stumps, etc.). An oriental-style bathhouse (Turkish hammam) is characterized by the use of mosaics and tiles with oriental patterns. The decor has a lot of bright colors, red and gold. Figurines, ottomans, hookahs, chests of drawers, low tables and other furniture occupy almost the entire space of the relaxation room.
Before building the bathhouse itself, it is important to select and design the foundation. It plays an important role both as a base for the walls and as protecting the bathhouse from excess moisture. The main types of foundation are strip, screw, monolithic and columnar. The choice of foundation depends on the size of the bathhouse, the number of floors, and the characteristics of the soil in the construction area.
Any soil is suitable for the construction of a strip foundation. It is necessary to take into account the size of the bathhouse itself, as well as slopes and subsidence of the soil. It is important to consider how deep the water is. A strip foundation requires more time and effort to build, but it is perfect for heavy two-story baths. Excavation work for laying a strip foundation is necessary.
Screw foundation Suitable for any soil. It consists of steel piles with tips for screwing into the ground. Pile-pipes come in various diameters, solid or hollow, on which logs for the walls of the bathhouse are installed. Immediately after installing the piles, you can begin building the bathhouse.
Columnar foundations are often used for small wooden baths. It is often chosen by those who build a bathhouse with their own hands. The column foundation is very easy to install. Pillars made of wood, concrete or metal are located at the corners of the building and at the intersection of walls. However, such a foundation is not suitable for massive and heavy baths.
Monolithic foundation often used for the foundation of large baths and in construction from heavy materials. It provides a reliable basis for the structure and protects against subsidence and moisture. A monolithic foundation is a continuous layer of cement and crushed stone.
Separately, it is necessary to consider the foundation for the stove. If the total weight of a brick kiln is equal to or more than 750 kg, then a separate foundation for such a kiln is necessary. The weight of a brick stove is calculated by the formula: multiply the volume of the stove by 1350 kg. A rubble concrete foundation is suitable for a brick kiln. It should be higher and deeper than the foundation of the bathhouse. To build a rubble concrete foundation, you must first build a foundation pit. Its bottom is filled with crushed stone and compacted. Next, you need to make wooden formwork around the perimeter of the pit and treat it with hot bitumen. Ruberoid is suitable for this. Next, large and small stones are poured into the pit.
The next layer is cement with sand in a ratio of 1: 3. After a day, you need to fill it up again with stones and fill it with cement-sand mortar. Repeat the layers every subsequent day until the top level of the foundation is reached. A week after the foundation is ready, you can begin to build a brick oven on it.
The walls of the bathhouse, as mentioned above, are built from wood, brick, concrete, sip panels or expanded clay. For the walls of a wooden bathhouse, timber with dimensions of 95x145, 145x145, 150x150 cm or logs of 200-220 mm are usually used. As for finishing the walls inside, they often use different types of wood (for the steam room) and ceramic tiles (for the bathroom and washroom). It is important to consider the properties of the material when heated. Wood is susceptible to rotting, so wooden walls must be treated with an antiseptic solution. Conifers trees smell strongly of resin, so they are not recommended for steam rooms.
Several types of wood can be used for wall decoration., for example, combining dark and light tones. Linden and aspen have a pleasant shade and are comfortable for the skin, so these types of wood are often used for the walls of steam rooms. In the recreation room, it is most successful to use fragrant cedar or juniper boards. It is traditional for a Finnish sauna to use spruce and pine for the walls. As a rule, for interior decoration of walls, thermal lining is used, which is intended specifically for bathhouse walls (it does not form cracks, mold, mildew, it does not rot or dry out).
The floor in the sauna can be made of various materials. Firstly, in each of the zones can be used various materials. It could be a tree a natural stone or ceramic tiles. It is recommended to choose tiles so that the pattern matches the wood structure on the walls, and is also in neutral pastel colors. The tiles must be non-slip. Otherwise, it is necessary to cover it with a wooden grate treated with aqualac.
Construction of the roof is the last stage of external work during the construction of a bathhouse. The roof for a bathhouse is a fairly simple design, so it can be erected without the help of professionals. A rolled roof made of sheet steel, turf, tiles or slate sheets is suitable as a roof for a wooden bathhouse. The next question that needs to be answered is whether the roof will be double- or single-pitch.
If the bathhouse is adjacent to the house, then the roof will definitely be pitched. More often the roof is simply flat. A gable roof is more expensive, but it allows you to equip the space under the roof as additional rooms. The angle of inclination of the slope is determined by the preferences of the owner, financial capabilities (the higher, the more expensive) and varies from 2.5 to 60 degrees. A large angle of inclination is good because snow in winter does not linger on such a roof, rolling down. However, a high roof is not recommended in areas where strong winds blow.
The air ventilation system is very important for comfortable use of the bathhouse. It must be thought out at the design stage and correspond to the size of the bathhouse. As a rule, mixed supply and exhaust ventilation is carried out in the bathhouse. For this purpose, the project includes channels for the supply of air from outside and for exhaust air exhaust. The air flow is carried out through special vent holes and an additionally installed fan or ventilation pipe.
It is better to place the inlet holes next to the stove so that the air warms up faster. Exhaust holes and the furnace ash (the hole in the furnace below the firebox) allow steam to escape to the outside. It is better to place them opposite the entrance holes (on the opposite wall). If the exhaust vent is located closer to the floor, then it is necessary to install a ventilation pipe to increase draft. It is better if the hole is both at the bottom and at the top. The steam room needs to be ventilated every 20-30 minutes.
If you are building a bathhouse from timber, it is important that the timber is smooth and even, without wormholes. It is necessary to choose the best quality materials for construction, since a well-built bathhouse can last for decades.
When building a bathhouse, fire safety rules, GOST and SNiP must be observed.
For heating you can use gas, coal, fuel oil, electricity. The latter is the most convenient, although expensive in terms of equipment. For heating with electricity modern market A number of stove models are offered. This could be an electric heater, heated floor, convector or boiler.
Arranging shelves in a cascade in a steam room saves space and is very convenient for large companies. At the same time, you can steam both sitting and in a horizontal position.
Upholstering walls with clapboard is not only practical, but also aesthetically pleasing. The arrangement of the boards vertically and horizontally makes the interior of the steam room more interesting.
Modern sauna interior made of dark wood. Stones can also be used as decoration.
Interior in old Russian style. A samovar, a lot of carvings on furniture, windows, doors, as well as dishes and accessories typical of a hut.
