The history of the 20th century is full of events of world significance. This century can rightfully be called a turning point because of the concentration of events that completely changed the course of events in the political, economic, national, and cultural development of states.
XX century - the time of the collapse of all empires in the world, the fall colonial system, the emergence of new, original cultural trends, great revolutions. It is impossible not to note the two world wars, which became a factor in the formation of the most powerful blocs in the international arena. In the course of changes in the political and economic system in many countries, new political currents, cultural and social norms. The view of the world and the understanding of the essence of power, religion, and the role of man in the world order were changing.
The importance of outstanding, charismatic personalities, who changed the course of events with their actions and decisions, cannot be underestimated. It's about about rulers of states, leaders of revolutions, cultural figures, military men, creators of well-known ideological movements. There were such personalities in many countries, and history will not forget their contribution to the development of society.
Adenauer Konrad | Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949-1963), one of the founders (1946) and in 1950-1966. chairman of the CDU, made a significant contribution to the creation of the Federal Republic of Germany and the restoration of the German economy after World War II |
Arafat Yasser | Head of the Palestinian National Authority (since 1996), Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (since 1969) |
Willy Brandt | Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (1969-1974), chairman of the SPD (1964-1987), chairman of the Socialist International since 1976, played a prominent role in normalizing relations with the social. European countries, Nobel Peace Prize (1971) |
Walesa Lech | President of Poland (1990-1995), one of the founders (1980) and leader of the Solidarity trade union, Nobel Peace Prize winner (1983) |
Wilson Woodrow | President of the United States (1913-1921), passed a number of liberal laws, put forward the idea of creating a union of states after World War I (“fourteen points”), Nobel Peace Prize winner (1920) |
Havel Vaclav | President of Czechoslovakia (1989-1992), President of the Czech Republic since 1993, playwright, human rights activist |
Gandhi Mohandas (Mahatma) | Leader and ideologist of the Indian national freedom movement, developed non-violent struggle tactics in the form of civil disobedience, killed by a member of a Hindu extremist organization |
Hindenburg Paul | President of Germany since 1925, Field Marshal General, commanded troops in 1914 Eastern Front, since 1916 - Chief of the General Staff, in 1933 handed over power to the National Socialists |
Hitler (Schicklgruber) Adolf | Fuhrer of the NSDAP from 1921, head German state since 1933 (Reich Chancellor), on Nuremberg Trials recognized as the main Nazi war criminal, committed suicide |
de Gaulle Charles | President of France (1959-1969), in 1940 founded the patriotic movement "Free France", in 1944-1946. - the head of the Provisional Government of France, on his initiative, the Constitution of 1958 was created, which made France a presidential republic |
Dawes Charles | Vice President of the United States (1925-1929), banker, headed the international committee of experts that developed the so-called. Dawes plan |
Dubcek Alexander | First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (1968-1969), one of the initiators of the Prague Spring, expelled from the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, since 1989 Chairman of the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia |
Deng Xiaoping | Chairman of the Central Commission of Advisors of the Communist Party of China of the CCP (1982-1987), Chairman of the Central Military Council of the PRC (1983-1990); one of the founders of the Chinese Red Army, in 1956-1966. General Secretary The Central Committee of the CPC, after the start of the "cultural revolution" was persecuted, in 1977, returned to leadership, the initiator of economic reform in China |
John Paul II (Karol Wojtyla) | Pope from 1978 to 2005 |
Carter James (Jimmy) | President of the United States (1977-1981), signed the SALT-2 treaty with the USSR, organizer of the Camp David Accord |
Castro fidel | Chairman of the State Council and Council of Ministers of the Republic of Cuba since 1976, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba since 1965; in 1953 he led an armed uprising against the dictatorial regime of Batista, in 1959 he came to power, the Prime Minister of the Revolutionary Government of Cuba (1959-1976), proclaimed the construction of socialism as his goal |
Kennedy John | US President (1961-1963), inclined towards a more realistic course in relations with the USSR; killed in Dallas |
Clemenceau Georges | Prime Minister of France (1906-1909, 1917-1920), chairman of the Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920), sought to establish France's military-political dominance in Europe |
Kohl Helmut | Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (1982-1998), Chairman of the CDU (1973-1998), achieved the modernization of the German economy and the unification of Germany (1990) |
Lloyd George David | Prime Minister of Great Britain (1916-1922), held a number of ministerial posts (1905-1915), introduced a number of social laws to Parliament |
Mandela Nelson | President of South Africa (1994-1999), active fighter against apartheid, sentenced to life imprisonment in 1964, released in 1990, Nobel Peace Prize winner (1993), president of the African National Congress |
Mao Zedong | Chairman of the Central Committee of the CPC since 1943, one of the founders of the CPC, under his leadership, the policy of the "Great Leap Forward" and the so-called. cultural revolution, which caused great damage to China's development |
Marshall George | General, Mrs. US Secretary (1947-1949), Secretary of Defense, initiator of the program (Marshall Plan) for the reconstruction and development of Europe after World War II, Nobel Peace Prize winner (1953) |
Milosevic Slobodan | President of Serbia (1992-1997), President of Yugoslavia since 1997, Chairman of the Main Committee of the Socialist Party of Serbia since 1990 |
Mitterrand Francois | President of France (1981-1995), participant in World War II and the Resistance movement, First Secretary of the French Socialist Party (1971-1981) |
Mussolini Benito | Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943), began his political career in the Socialist Party, founded and led the Fascist Party (1919), executed |
Nehru Jawaharlal | Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of India since 1947, "builder of a new independent India", associate of Mahatma Gandhi |
Pinochet Augusto | General, seized power in a military coup (1973), President of Chile (1974-1989), Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces (1973-1974, 1989-1998) |
Reagan Ronald | President of the United States (1981-1989), Hollywood actor, governor of California (1967-1975), pursued a monetarist course of spending cuts and a balanced budget, moved from confrontation to a policy of detente in relations with the USSR |
Roosevelt Theodore | President of the United States (1901-1909), pursued a policy of state regulation in the economy and an expansionist course in Latin America |
Roosevelt Franklin | President of the United States (1933-1945), led the United States out of economic crisis("New Deal"), made a significant contribution to the creation of the anti-Hitler coalitions and the UN |
Zapata Emiliano | Leader of the peasant movement in the Mexican Revolution (1910-1917), general, treacherously murdered |
Sun Yat-sen | Chinese politician, created the Tongmenghui organization in 1905, leader of the revolution of 1911-1912, first president of the Republic of China (1912), founder of the Kuomintang party (1912) |
Tito Josip Broz | Head of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (Union of Communists) since 1937, Supreme Commander of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia (1941-1945), Head of the Government of Yugoslavia since 1945, President of Yugoslavia since 1953, marshal, one of the leaders of the Non-Aligned Movement, put forward his model of socialism |
Thatcher Margret | Prime Minister of Great Britain (1979-1990), leader of the Conservative Party (1975-1990), pursued a tough monetary policy |
Franco Baamonde Francisco | Leader of the Spanish phalanx (1937-1975), head of the Spanish state (caudillo) (1939-1975), dictator, in 1936 led a rebellion against the Spanish Republic |
Khomeini Ruhollah | The leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran since 1979, the ayatollah (the highest spiritual rank of the Shiites), led the 1979 revolution. |
Hussein Saddam | President of the Republic of Iraq, Head of Government and Supreme Commander, Marshal since 1979 |
Chiang Kai-shek | Head of the Kuomintang government since 1927, commander-in-chief of the Chinese army since 1935, generalissimo, after the overthrow of his government in China (1949), led the government in Taiwan |
Churchill Winston | Prime Minister of Great Britain (1940-1945 and 1951-1955), repeatedly Minister since 1908, one of the initiators of the creation of the anti-Hitler coalition, a resolute opponent of totalitarianism, Nobel Prize in Literature (1953) |
Eisenhower Dwight | US President (1953-1961), General, Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in the West. Europe (1943-1945) |
The 21st century is defined by technology. In 2000, many were paranoid about the Millennium Problem. This was our fear of losing what technology has given us over the past centuries. But technology is not the only difference between the 21st century. It is also characterized by a phase of instability in both political and economic life. But in any case, it is people who make each era interesting - those who leave a mark on the history and memory of mankind. Below is our list of the 10 most influential people of the current era.
Who would have thought that a member of a rich and famous family would become the most wanted terrorist in the world? Osama bin Laden changed people's lives in the 21st century. He made us rethink the concept of national security. After September 11, 2001, no one can live the way they lived before that date. The level of attention to safety has increased not only in the United States, but also in other countries.
Osama bin Laden is on our list of the top 10 most powerful people because of his charismatic influence among Islamic radicals. He was able to convince them of the need to attack the US and other allies.
You will never recognize Craig Newmark if you see him on the street. However, this man is behind Craigslist.org, a site that has been called the “newspaper killer.” After college, Newmark worked at IBM. In the 1980s he was a programmer. In 1993, Craig moved to San Francisco, where he later created Craigslist.
What makes Craigslist such a great idea is the concept of an internet commune. Here people can exchange information. Over the years, Craigslist has evolved as a place for people to post information about things they want to sell. Craig Newmark is still dealing with the problem of fighting spammers. He also created the site Craigconnects, which is focused on charitable institutions.
In 2010, his net income was $400 million. He is also involved in other ventures, including funding NewAssignment.net, a website that aims to investigate stories posted online.
Historian, philologist, social critic and political activist, Noam Chomsky made our list of the 10 most influential people of the 21st century because of his knowledge of world politics and economics. He is the author of more than 100 books and a former professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ideologically he can be attributed to the anarcho-syndicalists and socialists.
He criticizes the American foreign policy in a relationship open market and dominance over the economies of weaker countries. The purpose of his research is to form in people a negative image of imperialism, which is inherent not only in the United States, but also in other countries. He also declared his opposition to such international institutions as the IMF, World Bank and GATT.
This is one of the founders of Facebook. He is also a well-known Internet entrepreneur and philanthropist. Without graduating from Harvard, he was able to turn the World Wide Web.
To date, there are billions of profiles registered on Facebook around the world. It is used not only as a tool for communication, but for business too. Over the years, Facebook has been changing its algorithms to be more than just a tool that you can use to connect with your friends. While some people don't like the change, Facebook is still the biggest player among the others. social networks.
As of May 2016, Mark Zuckerberg's fortune reached $51 billion. He was included in the list of the most influential people of Time magazine. But, of course, there are also disadvantages to Facebook, especially a lot of complaints about privacy and political issues.
Tony Blair served as British Prime Minister from 1997 to 2007. This is the only prime minister who has been elected for three consecutive terms. Tony Blair is known for his strong response to
the threat of terrorism. He ordered British troops to start hostilities five times during his term of office.
Tony Blair is also known for his association with George W. Bush after 2001. This outstanding person was a key player during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He believed that the world was made safer by this invasion. The militaristic approach to leadership led to the decline of his political career. With the increase in the number of victims of British soldiers, Tony Blair was forced to retire, as his popularity decreased as a result of these events.
Everyone knows the name of this man. This is a cult figure. A renowned innovator and pop culture superstar, he is the face of modern technology.
Why Steve Jobs was included in the list of 10 most influential people of the XXI century? Because it Apple company has revolutionized our daily lives. He was able to introduce technology that changed our habits and daily routine.
Steve Jobs was one of the founders of Apple. He was the owner of the Pixar animation studio. Steve Jobs was known for his ability to create innovations that have become ingrained in everyone's lives. Among the things he came up with are the very first personal computer, the iPhone, and the iPad.
But this is not the only legacy he left us. Before today Apple remains a technology leader. It is his culture of excellence and innovation that he brought to the company that has made him one of the most influential people in the world.
Sergey Brin, together with Larry Page, founded Google, the largest search engine of our time. Google has changed its approach to information. Brin is worth $39 billion, Larry Page is worth $36.7 billion.
What made Google what it is today is the ability to adapt to a changing world. These people were able to update the algorithm search engine so that the order in which websites appear on search result pages is changed. In the past, Google's algorithm simply looked at backlinks to rank a website and determine its position in the SERPs. Currently, there are several factors including social media signals, grammar and backlinks. This has made Google the number one search engine to advertise your site on.
Bill Gates is known to everyone as the richest man on earth. He is one of the founders of Microsoft. It eventually became the world's largest IT company. Currently, Bill Gates' assets are estimated at $76.4 billion. He is also often criticized for anti-competitive business practices.
The amazing thing is that Bill Gates never forgets to share and help people. He is a very famous philanthropist. Among his donations are large sums of money for various scientific endeavors. He and his wife created the most powerful charitable foundation. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has been valued at $34.6 billion. They are the second most generous philanthropist in the US with $28 billion in philanthropy.
Their charitable foundation supports various scientific projects, including the use of genetically modified organisms in agriculture. Another one amazing thing The thing that sets Bill Gates apart is his ability to influence people like Mark Zuckerberg and Warren Buffett. Together, they signed a commitment in which they pledge to donate half of their total assets to charity.
Vladimir Putin is on this list of the most powerful people as he is the sole political leader of Russia. Since 1999, he has been the Prime Minister of Russia and from 2012 to the present, the President of Russia. Putin is a very colorful political player. A former KGB agent, Vladimir Putin has a black belt in judo.
During Putin's rule, Russia has significantly improved its economic situation since the early 2000s, which is largely dependent on oil and gas exports. The country has become the 7th largest economy in the world. In addition, thanks to oil reserves, Vladimir Putin was able to pay off his debt in full by 2005. Soviet Union.
But since the beginning of 2014, with the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation, for many others political leaders Vladimir Putin has become an object of concern. developed Western countries imposed sanctions against the regime of Vladimir Putin, considering him a threat to the world. But this fact does not in the least diminish the position of the leader of the Russian Federation in his influence in the world.
Next on our list of the 10 most powerful people is US President Barack Obama. This is the first black president of the United States. Unlike other presidents, Barack Obama's electoral success was a landmark not only for the African-American community, but for all minorities in the United States. It is also the first American president to be born outside the continental United States.
In 2009, Barack Obama received Nobel Prize peace. It faced one of its biggest economic challenges during the 2008 recession. He was able to implement laws that allowed the US economy to recover.
During his term, Osama bin Laden was destroyed. Re-elected to a second term in 2012 after defeating Romney, Barack Obama called for LGBT inclusiveness. It is also the first US president in decades to normalize relations with Cuba.
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Adamovich A. M. (1927-1994) - writer, literary critic. Author of "War Under Roofs", "Sons Go to Battle", "Blockade Book", "Khatyn Tale".
Aleksandrov A.V.(1883-1946) - composer and conductor, People's Artist of the USSR (1937), Major General (1943). From 1928, he headed the Song and Dance Ensemble of the Red Army he created (since 1946, named after him). Composer of the music for the National Anthem of the USSR. Author of the song "Holy War".
Aleksandrov A.P.(1903-1994) - physicist. One of the developers of nuclear and hydrogen weapons. Three times Hero of Socialist Labor.
Asafiev B.V.(1884-1949) - musicologist, composer. Author of the ballets The Flames of Paris and The Fountain of Bakhchisarai.
Astafiev V.P.(b. 1924) - writer. Author of the novels "Tsar Fish", "Cursed and Killed" and others. Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR.
Baklanov G. Ya.(b. 1923) - writer. Author of the stories "Span of the Earth", "The Dead Have No Shame", "Forever - Nineteen", the novel "July 41".
Basov N. G.(b. 1922) - Russian physicist. Academician. One of the founders of domestic quantum electronics. Together with A. M. Prokhorov, he created the first quantum generator - a maser. In 1964, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discoveries. Double Hero Socialist Labor.
Batalov A.V.(b. 1928) - film actor and director. He starred in the leading roles in films: "The Cranes Are Flying", "Big Family", "The Rumyantsev Case", "The Lady with the Dog", "Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears", etc. National artist USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor.
Bakhrushin A. A.(1865-1929) - Russian theatrical figure. Creator of a private literary and theater museum in Moscow. In 1919, the museum was named after Bakhrushin, and he himself was appointed director for life.
Bah A. N. (1857-1946) -scientist-biochemist. In 1918, he formed the Central Chemical Laboratory at the Supreme Council of National Economy, which was later transformed into the L. Ya. Karpov Physico-Chemical Institute, of which Bach was the director until the end of his life. In 1920 he founded the Biochemical Institute of the People's Commissariat of Health (until 1935 he was its director). Academician, Hero of Socialist Labor.
Beck BUT. BUT.(1903-1972) - writer. Author of the novel "The New Appointment", the story "Volokolamsk Highway" and others.
Bely A. (Bugaev B. N.)(1880-1934) - Russian writer. Until 1917 he was known as a poet and prose writer, theorist of symbolism. Attitude to the revolution expressed in the poem "Christ is Risen" (1918). One of the founding members of the Free Philosophical Association in 1919.
Benoit BUT. N.(1870-1960) - artist, art historian, art critic. In 1917, he participated in the protection of art treasures. In 1919-1926. - theater artist Since 1926 - in exile.
Bergholz O.F.(1910-1975) - poetess. In besieged Leningrad, she spoke on the radio many times with appeals to citizens and defenders of the city. Author of works: "Leningrad Notebook", "Leningrad Diary", "Daytime Stars".
Bernes M. N.(1911-1969) - actor, singer. He acted in films ("Two fighters", etc.). Performer of lyrical songs and songs about the war.
Block A. A. (1880-1921) - Russian symbolist poet. In January 1918 he wrote the poem "The Twelve" and the poem "Scythians", in which one of the main ideas is the idea of historical retribution. In 1919 he published the study "The Last Days of the Old Regime" (based on the results of his work in the commission to investigate the crimes of the tsarist regime). In July 1920 he was elected chairman of the Petrograd branch of the All-Russian Union of Poets. He was forbidden to emigrate. I received permission to leave even when I could not leave for health reasons.
Bondarchuk S. F. (1920-1994) - film actor and director. People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor. He starred in the films: "Taras Shevchenko", "The Jumper", "The Unfinished Tale", etc. He made films: "The Fate of a Man", "War and Peace", "Waterloo", "They Fought for the Motherland", "Steppe", " Father Sergiy", "Boris Godunov" and others. Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes.
Brodsky I. A. (1940-1996) - Russian poet. Winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (1987). Since 1972 he lived in the USA. Author of a number of poetry collections: "Stop in the Desert" (1967), "The End of a Beautiful Era" (1972), "Part of Speech" (1972), "Urania" (1987). Creativity is characterized by the understanding of the world as a single metaphysical and cultural whole. Distinctive features of the style are rigidity and hidden pathos, irony. Author of essays, short stories, plays, translations.
Brodsky I.I.(1883-1939) - painter and graphic artist. Before the revolution, landscape painter. After the revolution - the author of many historical and revolutionary paintings, portraits of the leaders of the revolutionary movement.
Bryusov V. Ya.(1873-1924) - Russian poet, one of the founders of Soviet poetry. He was in charge of the literary department of the People's Commissariat of Education. He devoted many works to proving the popular character of the October Revolution.
Bulgakov M. A. (1891-1940) is one of the greatest Russian writers of the 20th century. Author of the novels The Master and Margarita (1929-1940), The White Guard (1925-1927), Theatrical Novel (1936-1937); the stories Heart of a Dog (1925), Fatal Eggs (1925); plays "Days of the Turbins" (post. 1926), "Running" (1926-1928). The master's work raises the problems of poetry and the tragic doom of the passing world, the ethical responsibility of the intelligentsia for the fruits of social experimentation, the eternal opposition of moral and creative asceticism to the forces of evil.
Burdenko N. N.(1876-1946) - surgeon, one of the founders of Russian neurosurgery. First President of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Vavilov N.I.(1887-1943) - geneticist and botanist. In 1917-1921. - professor at Saratov University. In 1919, he substantiated the theory of plant immunity to infectious diseases. Led numerous field expeditions. Academician. President (1929-
1935) and vice-president (1935-1940) of VASKhNIL. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Repressed. He died in a Saratov prison.
Belikov E.P.(b. 1935) - physicist. Academician. Since 1988 - Director of the IV Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy. Since 1991 - Vice-President of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Vertinsky A. N. (1889-1957) - stage artist. He performed since 1915. In 1919 he emigrated, in 1943 he returned to the USSR. He performed his own songs and songs based on poems by A. Akhmatova, A. Blok, S. Yesenin, V. Inber and others. He starred in the films: "What do people live for" (1912), "Conspiracy of the Doomed" (1950), "Anna on the Neck "(1954), etc.
Vishnevskaya G.P.(b. 1926) - singer (soprano), soloist of the Bolshoi Theater. People's Artist of the USSR. In 1978, together with her husband M. L. Rostropovich, she was deprived of USSR citizenship (the decision was canceled in 1990).
Voznesensky A. A.(b. 1933) - Russian poet. The author of sharply modern poems, distinguished by a complicated figurative and rhythmic system. Author of poetry collections "Antimira", "Stained Glass Master", "Temptation", poems "Masters", "Longjumeau", "Oz" and others.
Voinovich V. N.(b. 1932) - writer. The most famous works: "The Life and Extraordinary Adventures of a Soldier Ivan Chonkin", "Ivankiada", "Tribunal", "Moscow 2042".
Gaidar (Golikov) A.P.(1904-1941) - writer, one of the founders of Soviet children's literature. Author of the stories "School", "Blue Cup", "RVS", etc., fairy tales.
Gorky Maxim (Peshkov A. M.) (1868- 1936) - the founder of the literature of socialist realism, one of the founders of Soviet literature.
Grabar I. E. (1871-1960) - painter, art critic. In 1913-1925. - Director of the Tretyakov Gallery. In 1918, he took the initiative to create a Committee (fund) for the protection of cultural monuments and artistic treasures. Participated in restoration expeditions to Vladimir, Novgorod, the cities of the Volga region.
Graftio G. O. (1869-1949) - energy scientist. Author of the project of the Volkhov hydroelectric power station (1910-1911). In 1917-1920. - head. department of electrification of railways NKPS. In 1921-1927 - head of the construction of the Volkhov hydroelectric power station. Member of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR.
Grekov M. B.(1882-1934) - painter. The founder of Soviet battle painting ("Tachanka", "Trumpeters of the First Cavalry", etc.).
Grossman V. S.(1905-1964) - writer. Author of the novels "Life and Fate", "Everything Flows", a number of stories about Stalingrad.
Danelia G. N.(b. 1930) - film director. Staged films: "Seryozha", "I'm walking around Moscow", "Afonya", "Mimino", "Autumn Marathon", "Passport" and others. People's Artist of the USSR.
Dovzhenko A.P.(1894-1956) - film director, writer, screenwriter. Filmmaker:
"Arsenal", "Earth", "Shchors" and others.
Donskoy M. S. (1901-1981) - film director and screenwriter. Author of films: "How the Steel Was Tempered", "Unbowed", etc.
Zharov M.I.(1899-1981) - actor, People's Artist of the USSR. He acted in films: "A ticket to life", "Peter1", "Village detective" and others.
Zarhi A. G.(1908-1994) - director, screenwriter. Director of films: "Deputy of the Baltic", "Member of the Government", "Height", "Anna Karenina" and others. People's Artist of the USSR.
Zelinsky N. D.(1861-1953) - chemical scientist. Academician. Hero of Socialist Labor. One of the founders of organic catalysis and petrochemistry. The creator of the coal gas mask.
Zeldovich Ya. B.(1914-1987) - physicist. Major works on physical chemistry, astrophysics, elementary particle physics, nuclear physics. Together with academician Yu. B. Khariton, he created the theory of the chain decay of uranium. Three times Hero of Socialist Labor.
Ilyinsky I.V.(1901-1987) - actor, People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor. He starred in many popular films: "The Feast of St. Jorgen", "Volga-Volga", "Carnival Night", etc.
Kasatkina L. I.(b. 1925) - theater and film actress. Starred in the main roles in the films:
"Tiger Tamer", "Calling Fire on Ourselves", "Darling", "Operation Trust", "Remember Your Name", "Mother Mary" and others. People's Artist of the USSR.
Keldysh M. V. (1911-1978) - mathematician and mechanic. He made a huge contribution to the development of the Soviet aviation, nuclear and space industries. President of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Three times Hero of Socialist Labor.
Kozlovsky I. S.(1900-1993) - singer (tenor), People's Artist of the USSR. Soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre.
Konenkov S. T.(1874-1971) - sculptor. Member of the Union of Russian Artists. Author of a number of well-known works. In 1923-1945. lived in the USA. Since 1954 - full member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR. People's Artist of the USSR (1958). Hero of Socialist Labor.
Kukryniksy(a creative pseudonym based on the first syllables of surnames) - a creative team of graphic artists and painters: Kupriyanov M.V. (1903-1991), Krylov P.N. (1902-1990). Sokolov N. A. (b. 1903). The authors of topical cartoons that reflected the problems of the domestic and foreign policy life of the USSR, propaganda posters, illustrations for the works of Russian classics, paintings.
Kuprin A.I.(1870-1938) - Russian writer. He reacted ambivalently to the revolution of 1917 - he admired its scope and the heroism of the leaders, but he also feared for the fate of Russian culture, criticized a number of undertakings of the new government. From 1920 to 1937 - in exile. In 1937 he returned to the USSR.
Kurchatov I.V.(1903-1960) - physicist, academician, three times Hero of Socialist Labor. One of the creators of Soviet nuclear weapons. Under his leadership, the first Soviet nuclear reactor, the first in the USSR nuclear bomb, the world's first thermonuclear bomb, the world's first nuclear power plant.
Kustodiev B. M.(1878-1927) - painter, theater artist and graphic artist. Member of the Union of Russian Artists (since 1907) and the "World of Art" (since 1911). Before the revolution, he criticized the autocratic order, ridiculed them in his works. After the October Revolution of 1917 created a number of works glorifying, in his opinion, "the joy of liberated labor." Among such works, the painting "Bolshevik" can be called a classic.
Landau L. D. (1908-1968) - theoretical physicist, founder of the scientific school. Academician. Hero of Socialist Labor. Proceedings on magnetism, superfluidity and superconductivity, solid state physics, atomic nucleus and elementary particles, plasma, quantum electrodynamics, astrophysics. Nobel Prize. Lenin Prize. A number of state awards.
Landsberg G.S.(1890-1957) - physicist. Academician. Major works on optics and spectroscopy. Developed methods for the spectral analysis of metals and alloys.
Lansere B. E.(1875-1946) - graphic artist and painter. In 1945-1946. worked on the monumental murals of the halls of the Kazan station in Moscow. He also performed a series of five gouache "Trophies of Russian weapons".
Lemeshev C. I. (1902-1977) - singer (tenor). Soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre. People's Artist of the USSR.
Leonov E.P.(1926-1994) - theater and film actor. People's Artist of the USSR. He played in the films: "Striped Flight", "Belorussky Station", "Afonya", "The Legend of Til", "Don Story", "Gentlemen of Fortune", etc.
Leontovich M. A: (1903-1981) - physicist, academician. The main works on theoretical issues of optics, acoustics, the theory of oscillations, plasma physics, etc.
Likhachev D. FROM.(b. 1906) - a prominent philologist, public figure. Researcher of ancient Russian literature. Academician. Hero of Socialist Labor. Laureate of state awards. People's Deputy of the USSR in 1989-1992. Chairman of the Soviet Cultural Fund. Author of more than 1500 scientific papers.
Lossky N. O. (1870-1965) - Russian idealist philosopher, representative of intuitionism. After the revolution, he published "Introduction to Philosophy", "Basic Questions of Epistemology", "Logic", "Intuitive Philosophy of Bergson". In 1921 he was suspended from teaching. In 1922 he was expelled on the "ship of philosophers".
Manizer M. G.(1891-1966) - sculptor. Participant in the implementation of the monumental propaganda plan approved by Lenin. Since 1947 - Vice-President of the Academy of Arts of the USSR. People's Artist of the USSR.
Mayakovsky V.V.(1893-1930) - poet, founder of the poetry of socialist realism. In the summer of 1918 he created the first Soviet play, Mystery Buff. Wrote poems:
"150 000 OOO", "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin", "Good!" and many verses.
Meyerhold V. E.(1874-1940) - director and actor. In 1908-1917. worked in the St. Petersburg imperial theaters (Alexandria and Mariinsky). Creator of the Theater of the Revolution (later - the Meyerhold Theater). Repressed.
Merkurov S. D. (1881-1952) - sculptor. Participant in the implementation of Lenin's plan for monumental propaganda. The author of the monument to Timiryazev in Moscow, the high relief "26 Baku Commissars" in Baku. People's Artist of the USSR.
Mikhalkov S. V. (b. 1913) - poet, playwright, children's writer. One of the authors of the words of the State Anthem of the USSR. Author of popular children's poems (the most famous collection is about Uncle Styopa).
Moiseev I. A.(b. 1906) - ballet dancer, choreographer, head of the ballet team. In 1924-1939. - artist of the Bolshoi Theater, director of the ballet "Spartacus" by A. Khachaturian and others. Organizer and leader (since 1937) of the USSR Folk Dance Ensemble. Creator of a new genre - scenic folk dance. People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Moiseev N. N.(b. 1917) - a major mathematician. Specialist in the field of general mechanics and applied mathematics. Proceedings on dynamics, numerical methods of the theory of optimal control.
Mordyukova N.V.(b. 1925) - film actress. Entered the top ten outstanding actresses of the XX century. in the London Encyclopedia "Who's Who". People's Artist of the USSR. She starred in the films: "Young Guard", "Alien Relatives", "Commissioner", "Chairman", "Balzaminov's Marriage", "A Simple Story", "Diamond Hand", etc.
Mravinsky E. A. (1903-1988) - an outstanding conductor. Since 1938 - conductor of the symphony orchestra of the Leningrad Philharmonic.
Mukhina V. I. (1889-1953) - sculptor. She studied in Moscow with K. F. Yuon, I. I. Mashkov, in Paris - with E. A. Bourdelle. The author of a number of sculptural images, widely known to the general public. Among them, the most famous sculpture "Worker and Collective Farm Girl", made for the world exhibition in Paris.
Myaskovsky N. Ya.(1881-1950) - composer, teacher, music critic and public figure. One of the greatest Soviet symphonists.
Nezhdanova A.V.(1873-1950) - singer (soprano). People's Artist of the USSR (1934). Hero of Labor (1925). Since 1943 - professor at the Moscow Conservatory.
Nikulin Yu.V.(1921-1997) - actor, clown. Director of the Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard. Performer of the main roles in the films: "Prisoner of the Caucasus", "When the trees were big", "Come to me, Mukhtar!", "Diamond Arm", "Scarecrow" and others. People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Obraztsova E. V.(b. 1939) - singer (mezzo-soprano). Soloist of the Bolshoi Theatre. People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Obukhova N. A. (1886-1961) - singer (mezzo-soprano). Soloist of the Bolshoi Theater since 1916. People's Artist of the USSR (1937).
Orlova L.P.(1902-1975) - popular theater and film actress. The performer of the main roles in the films: "Merry Fellows", "Circus", "Volga-Volga", "Bright Path", "Spring", etc.
Paton E. O.(1870-1953) - scientist in the field of welding and motor building, academician. Hero of Socialist Labor. Director of the Institute of Electric Welding.
Pakhmutova A. N.(b. 1929) - composer. People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor. Laureate of state awards.
Platonov A.P.(1899-1951) - Russian writer. The novels "Chevengur" (published in 1972), "Happy Moscow" (published in 1991), the stories "The Pit" (published in 1969), "The Juvenile Sea" (published in 1979), etc. The main thing in them is rejection of forms of socialist reorganization of life imposed by force.
Prokofiev S. S.(1891-1953) - one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. Pianist and conductor. Author of music for a number of films. Opera "War and Peace", etc.
Pyryev I. A.(1901-1968) - famous film director and screenwriter. Author of films: "Tractor Drivers", "Pig and Shepherd", "The Brothers Karamazov", etc.
Raikin A.I.(1911-1989) - the largest satirist of the Soviet stage. People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor. Founder and permanent leader of the Theater of Miniatures. A brilliant master of instant transformation. Laureate of the Lenin Prize.
Rasputin V. G.(b. 1937) - Russian writer. Author of works: "Live and remember!", "Farewell to Mother", "Fire" and others. Hero of Socialist Labor. Laureate of state awards.
Raushenbakh B.V.(b. 1915) - a scientist in the field of mechanics. Proceedings on the theory of combustion, control of the orientation of spacecraft. Laureate of the Lenin Prize. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Richter S. T.(1915-1997) - an outstanding pianist, People's Artist of the USSR (1961), Hero of Socialist Labor (1975), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1961) and state prizes of the USSR and the Russian Federation.
R. I. Rozhdestvensky(1932-1994) - poet. Secretary of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR. Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR. Author of numerous poems and songs.
Rostropovich M. L.(b. 1927) - Russian musician, cellist, conductor. Soloist of the Moscow Conservatory, Professor of the Leningrad Conservatory. Since 1977 he has been Principal Conductor and Head of the US National Symphony Orchestra. Winner of the Lenin and State Prizes of the USSR, numerous foreign prizes. In 1978, he was deprived of Soviet citizenship, which was returned to him in 1990.
Ruslanova L. A.(1900-1973) - singer. Performer of Russian folk songs.
Sakharov A. D. (1921-1989) - the largest Soviet physicist. Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The main works on theoretical physics. One of the creators of domestic atomic and hydrogen weapons. Outstanding human rights activist. Three times Hero of Socialist Labor. People's Deputy of the USSR (1989).
Sviridov G.V.(1915-1998) - composer, pianist, People's Artist of the USSR (1970), Hero of Socialist Labor (1975), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1960) and state prizes of the USSR and the Russian Federation. Honorary citizen of Moscow.
Smoktunovsky I. M. (1925-1994) - one of the largest Russian actors of the XX century. Played in BDT them. Gorky (Leningrad), the Maly Theater and the Moscow Art Theater (Moscow). He has played over 80 roles in film and television. Among his main works: "Hamlet", "Beware of the Car", "Nine Days of One Year", "Tchaikovsky", "Little Tragedies" and many others. People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor. Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes.
Spivakov V. T. (b. 1944) is an outstanding violinist and conductor, artistic director, conductor and soloist of the Moscow Virtuosos chamber orchestra. Laureate of domestic and foreign awards.
Sobinov L.V.(1872-1934) - singer (tenor). Since 1919 - a member of the directorate of the Bolshoi Theater. Among the best parties are Lensky ("Eugene Onegin" by P. I. Tchaikovsky), Lohengrin ("Lohengrin" by R. Wagner).
Solzhenitsyn A.I.(b. 1918) - Russian writer. Author of books and researcher of the history of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. He became famous for his first major work "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich", and then for his research-narration "The Gulag Archipelago".
Stanislavsky(Alekseev) K. S. (1863 - 1938) - Russian, Soviet director, actor, theatrical, figure, theater theorist. Founder of the Moscow Art Theater (1898). People's Artist of the USSR (1936).
Tamm I. B.(1895-1971) - scientist, theoretical physicist. The main works on the theory of radiation, cosmic rays, nuclear physics.
Tvardovsky A. T.(1910-1971) - poet. Editor-in-Chief of the magazine "New World". Author of a number of poems ("Vasily Terkin", "Terkin in the next world", "Beyond the distance - distance"), many poems.
Temirkanov Yu. Kh.(b. 1938) - one of the world's recognized conductors. People's Artist of the USSR. Laureate of state awards.
Tovstonogov G. A.(1915-1988) - a major stage director. Since 1956 - chief director of the Bolshoi Drama Theater in Leningrad. Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes. People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor.
Tolstoy A.N.(1882-1945) - Russian writer. Until 1917 - a representative of the realist direction of Russian literature. In Soviet times, he wrote the novels "Walking Through the Torments", "Peter I", and a number of other books.
Ulanova G. S. (1909 / 10-1998) - an outstanding ballerina, People's Artist of the USSR (1951), twice Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the Lenin Prize (1957) and the State Prize of the USSR. Honorary citizen of Moscow.
Ulyanov M. A.(b. 1927) - artist, director, public figure. Artistic director of the Vakhtangov Theatre. Chairman of the Union of Theater Workers of the USSR and Russia. People's Artist of the USSR. Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes. Hero of Socialist Labor.
Utesov L. O. (1895-1982) - People's Artist of the USSR. Head of one of the first jazz orchestras in the USSR. He starred in the movie "Jolly Fellows" and others.
Fadeev A. A.(1901-1956) - writer, general secretary of the Writers' Union of the USSR. Author of the novels "Rout" and "Young Guard".
Falk R.R.(1886-1958) - Russian painter. Member of the Jack of Diamonds. Still lifes, portraits, landscapes ("Potato", 1955; "Self-portrait in a red fez", 1957) are distinguished by a finely developed color-plastic form.
Fedin K. A.(1892-1977) - writer, chairman of the board of the Writers' Union of the USSR. Author of novels: "Cities and Years", "Brothers", "First Joys", "Unusual Summer", etc.
Filonov P. N.(1883-1941) - painter and graphic artist. Founder and one of the members of the Society of Artists "Union of Youth" (1909) in St. Petersburg. In symbolic, dramatically intense works, he sought to express the general patterns of the course of world history (Feast of Kings, 1913). Later, he defended the principles of "analytical art", based on the creation of the most complex compositions capable of kaleidoscopic deployment ("Formula of the Petrograd Proletariat", late 1920s).
Florensky P. A.(1882-1943) - philosopher, scientist. In 1912-1917. editor of the journal "Theological Bulletin". AT Soviet time worked at the plant "Karbolit", the author of twenty inventions in the field of chemistry, electrical engineering. Wrote a number of philosophical works, including "The First Steps of Philosophy" and others. Repressed.
Frank S. L.(1877-1950) - religious philosopher. Member of collections of intellectuals "Milestones" and "From the depths". After the revolution - professor at Saratov and Moscow universities. Together with Berdyaev, he headed the Free Academy of Spiritual Culture. Author of the works: "The Soul of Man", "The Moral Divide in the Russian Revolution", "Essay on the Methodology of the Social Sciences". In 1922 he was expelled from the country along with other philosophers.
Khachaturyan A.I.(1903-1978) - composer, teacher, conductor. Author of ballets ("Spartacus", "Gayane", etc.).
Khariton Y. B.(1904-1996) - physicist, three times Hero of Socialist Labor. Together with Ya. B. Zeldovich, he created the theory of the chain decay of uranium. One of the creators of Soviet nuclear and thermonuclear weapons.
Cherkasov N.K.(1903-1966) - actor. People's Artist of the USSR. He starred in popular films: "Deputy of the Baltic", "Peter the Great", "Ivan the Terrible", "Everything remains for people", etc.
B. P. Chirkov(1901-1982) - Soviet actor, People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor. Starred in the leading roles in the films: "Maxim's Youth", "Maxim's Return", "Vyborg Side", "Teacher", " Faithful friends"," The Living and the Dead.
Chukovsky K. I. (Korneychukov N. V.) (1882-1969) - literary critic, children's writer, translator. Researcher of creativity N. A. Nekrasova.
Churikova I. M. (b. 1943) is a Russian actress. People's Artist of the USSR. Laureate of state and international awards. She starred in the films: "There is no ford in the fire", "Beginning", "I ask for words", "The same Munchausen", "Vassa", "Military field novel", "Mother", "Ryaba Hen" and others.
Chaliapin F.I.(1873-1938) - singer. Since 1899 - soloist of the Bolshoi Theater. In 1918, he was honorary chairman of the Council of the State Opera, then director of the artistic department of all academic theaters in Russia. Since 1919 - a member of the directorate of the Bolshoi Theater. Since 1922 - in exile.
Schnittke A. G.(b. 1934) is one of the greatest contemporary composers. Currently lives in Germany. Author of more than 70 major works, including the operas "The Eleventh Commandment", "Life with an Idiot", the ballet "Labyrinths", the oratorio "Nagasaki" and others. Winner of numerous foreign awards.
Sholokhov M. A.(1905-1984) - writer. Winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Author of the novels: "Quiet Flows the Don", "Virgin Soil Upturned", "They Fought for the Motherland" and other works. Academician.
Shostakovich D. D. (1906-1975) - composer, pianist, teacher. People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor. One of the greatest composers of the 20th century. Operas "The Nose", "Katerina Izmailova", a number of symphonic works (the largest is the 7th symphony, written in besieged Leningrad).
Shulzhenko K.I.(1906-1984) - Soviet pop singer.
Shchusev A.V.(1873-1949) - architect. The author of the design of the Kazan railway station in Moscow (1914-1926), Lenin's Mausoleum. Academician (1943).
Ehrenburg I. G.(1891-1967) - writer, public figure. Author of the novel "The Fall of Paris", the story "The Thaw", memoirs "People. Years. Life", etc.
Yuon K.F.(1875-1958) - painter, theater artist.
This simple and poorly educated man from a poor Ukrainian peasant family had a huge impact both on revolutionary events and on life. Soviet country after the revolution.
And "in gratitude" for his merits, the famous revolutionary and politician was shot by order of Stalin.
Symon Petlyura (1879 - 1926) - Ukrainian political and military figure.
In 1919-1920 he was the head of the Ukrainian People's Republic. AT early years also distinguished himself as a journalist and historian, author of several works on the history of Ukraine and the Kuban.
His activity as a politician, however, is ambiguous; Petlyura arranged murders and pogroms.
Petlyura's opponents were both Russian politicians, and Ukrainian nationalists who accused him of collaborating with Russia. Nevertheless, Symon Petliura is a very outstanding figure in Ukrainian and Russian history.
Ivan Khristoforovich Bagramyan - twice Hero of the Soviet Union. During his life there were two world wars and one civil war.
He was born into a simple family of a railway worker and became a Marshal of the USSR.
He is well remembered for his merit Kursk Bulge, and his writings and books still amaze readers.
Ivan Bagramyan was born on December 2, 1897, not far from Elizavetpol, in the village of Chardakhly. By birth, his name was Hovhannes Khachaturovich. His father worked for railway and was an artel headman. Initially, no one even thought about any military merit and glory.
An ordinary boy from a simple family studied at a parochial school, and in 1907 he entered a railway school.
Afrikan Petrovich Bogaevsky - a hereditary nobleman, commander of the Cossacks, ataman, led the White Guard movement.
While abroad, he was known as a prominent figure - he organized the United Cossack Union. A gifted cavalry commander, a courageous officer was repeatedly awarded military awards.
The year of birth of Afrikan Bogaevsky is 1873 (December 27.), Homeland - the old village of Kamenskaya in the Donetsk district. Father, Pyotr Grigoryevich, who defended Sevastopol, a wealthy military foreman, gave Afrikan a decent education.
Study and start of service:
Sergei Kuzmich Bunyachenko - Red Army soldier since the revolution, communist, participant civil war, a fighter against the Petliurites and the Krasnovites.
He fought with Denikin and Makhnovists, Basmachi and the Japanese.
To the Great Patriotic War commanded a division of the Russian liberation movement, served with the Germans with the rank of major general.
After the war, Bunyachenko was taken prisoner, the court accused him of betraying the Motherland and sentenced him to hang, depriving him of all merits.
Evgeny Fedorovich Dragunov is a hereditary gunsmith who became a designer.
He created samples of precision shooting rifles, both for combat and for participation in competitions.
Dragunov weapon models are still the best among sniper rifles.
Evgeny Fedorovich was remembered as a non-conflict person with a high sense of duty.
Today's specialists - designers consider Dragunov a mentor, a teacher. During his lifetime, the famous designer received Lenin and State Prize RF.
Vladimir Zelenovich May-Maevsky is an interesting and important personality in Russian history.
During the formation and formation of the Soviet Union, his name was forgotten, like the names of other representatives of the white movement, but in the 70s of the last century, after the release of the film "His Excellency's Adjutant", many learned about the unique personality.
This happened thanks to the image-prototype of Vladimir Zelenovich Kovalevsky, played by actor Vladislav Strzhelchik.
The biography of Vladimir Zelenovich Mai-Maevsky is of interest: in his life there are both ups and downs, there are good feedback from contemporaries, but there are opposite opinions.
Vladimir May-Maevsky was born on September 15 (27), 1867 in St. Petersburg. The Mai-Maevsky family has ancient Polish roots.
Timofey Nikolaevich Domanov led the Cossack movement against Soviet power. Participated in the 1st and 2nd world wars.
He was awarded the St. George awards, received the rank of Major General of the Wehrmacht.
The life of Timofey Nikolaevich is mysterious and strange, with mistakes and merits. Fighting against the Soviets, Timofei Nikolayevich did not betray his homeland. The officer waged war with the regime of the new state, not recognizing the communists.
After Domanov, he was executed as a traitor to the Motherland.
Timofey Domanov was born in February 1887, on the Kalinovsky farm, which belonged to Art. Migulinskaya, Upper - Don district. Father is a senior officer. At the age of 21, he served in the 12th Don Cossack Regiment as a messenger with Panfilov.
Our century has come quite recently, and therefore we cannot yet say who exactly the outstanding personalities of Russia of the 21st century are. However, an analysis of the past will give us the opportunity to understand what truly great things we can expect from Slavic blood. After all, as you know, who knows the past, knows the future.
Sergey Yesenin
A contemporary of Mayakovsky and his complete opposite as an author. A subtle and sincere lyricist, who at the same time managed to remain an eternal bully and a teenager. He raised the themes of the struggle of the individual with the environment, love for nature and, of course, for a woman.
Vladimir Vysotsky
Bard, author of many songs and poems. Greatest Poet His hoarse voice seemed to let his voice down under the legacy left to him by all the outstanding personalities of Russia in the 20th century. He raised the topics of the internal and external struggle of a person, his place in society and in the world in general. Subtle satirist.
Bulat Okudzhava
Also a poet who independently performed his poems in the form of songs. Touching and honest, he wrote poems filled with some kind of cosmic thoughtfulness. He often used metaphors, creating deep images with the help of them. His songs had a parable form, which was once (good-naturedly) parodied by Vysotsky.
Lev Kuleshov
Thanks to him, outstanding personalities of Russia began to appear in the cinema. The discoverer of the “Kuleshov effect” - “two frames that are independent in meaning, glued together, create new meaning". In fact, the founder of the montage story.
The first person in Russia to use color in cinema was the red flag in the same “Battleship Potemkin”.
Mikhail Romm
Director of documentaries ("Ordinary Fascism") and feature films ("Nine Days of One Year") films. One of the most important cinema theorists of the mid-20th century. VGIK lecturer and author of many scientific papers.
Andrei Tarkovsky
A man who manages to shoot a true art-house in the USSR. His tapes are filled with personal meanings, full of metaphors and subtle hints. He shot "Solaris" and "Stalker", most often making his works such parables-allegories.
Andrey Rublev
Modern outstanding personalities of Russia among artists would not have been possible without the person who laid the foundation for Russian painting.
Each of his canvases is like a photograph taken during the climax of the event that he was trying to capture. His paintings are infinitely alive and may not always reveal their true meaning at first sight. The main thing in Repin is the emotions of the characters and the details.
Kazimir Malevich
A great modernist, known as the author of the now-familiar Black Square. He was busy looking for new forms and ways of expressing color in painting. His paintings are full of abstractions and geometric shapes, attempts to invent something new in their art. I tried to find "absolute peace" in the paintings.
Pyotr Tchaikovsky
One of the first Russian professional composers, Tchaikovsky made a true craft out of music (in the good sense of the word). He was a man who simply could not stop writing music.
The extremely diverse topics raised in all possible genres make Pyotr Ilyich a composer capable of reaching the heart of every person. His most famous works are the ballets The Nutcracker and Swan Lake.
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
He believed that the main goal of music is the unity of the listener with the true nature of the world, which can only be expressed in a similar, melodic form.
Dmitry Shostakovich
A composer with a difficult fate, at first he worked in the style of modernism and actively experimented in all genres. However, "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District" did not please Stalin personally, and then severe repression followed.
To save himself and his family, Shostakovich had to create in a purely "state" way. However, his music really proves that even a simple listener hears the subtext put in by the composer. Many subtle moods and meanings that he invested in symphonies No. 5 and No. 7 were then understood by everyone.
Mikhail Lomonosov
The first Russian encyclopedist, "a man of all sciences." Brought Russian research to the level of Europe. He made many discoveries in almost every modern science for him.
As an academician and one of the most active personalities of his time, he was an icon for the Russian Enlightenment.
Dmitry Mendeleev
A Russian chemist who has already become legendary, who managed to create periodic system chemical elements, which significantly pushed the world science forward.
The existence of such a table clearly proves the harmony of nature and its clear system.
One of the greatest discoveries in which, in fact, the entire modern natural Science, belongs to him. He also worked in other sciences, where he also made various discoveries.
Ivan Pavlov
The first Nobel laureate from Russia. Pavlov did major discovery in biology and physiology - it was he who found out the presence of reflexes in the body of living beings. And it was this Russian scientist who divided them into conditional and unconditional.
Pavlov devoted his whole life to this discovery, and even dying, he continued to dictate his feelings to his students - so that science could better know the state of death.
Ivan Poddubny
Legendary Russian wrestler, "hero of the XX century." Haven't lost once in ten years. Wrestling champion five times.
Garry Kasparov
A chess player with many awards, "Chess Oscars" and the title of world champion. He became famous for the extremely successful combination of various tactics and strategies and the ability to emerge from a seemingly completely failed game as a winner.
"Kasparov's openings" - this is how unexpected and non-standard moves at the beginning of the game are now called.
Lev Yashin
Soviet goalkeeper, famous for his absolute "impenetrability". Considered the best goalkeeper of the 20th century. Repeatedly recognized as the best goalkeeper of the USSR. Ballon d'Or winner.
As we can see, outstanding personalities in the history of Russia have become extremely significant for all mankind. Chekhov can be safely called the best playwright in the world, and Mendeleev - the greatest chemist. All these people are important not only for Russia, but for every area in which they became famous.
It remains to be hoped that the outstanding personalities of Russia in the 21st century, just like their predecessors, will mean something for the whole world, and not just for their homeland.
