Building a house from brick is quite popular throughout the territory. Russian Federation, because Brick walls have many advantages. They are reliable, fire-resistant and can last for many years. But there are also disadvantages, for example, they do not retain heat effectively enough. The problem can be easily eliminated if additional external insulation is carried out brick walls at home with special materials. How to insulate brick house Almost every owner thinks about the outside.
Under construction brick house, you have to spend a lot of money, which is why the question very often arises of how to carry out home insulation work with your own hands. Everything is quite simple and if you approach the issue thoroughly, study all the nuances and choose the right material, insulate the house from sand-lime brick, it will be possible without the involvement of hired specialists. Any hardware store salesperson knows the answer to the question of how to insulate a brick house from the outside.
There are quite a lot of insulation technologies; first, let’s consider the type of insulation for siding.
The question of what is the best way to insulate a brick house from the outside comes up very often on specialized forums. It is worth thoroughly studying all the information presented and choosing what suits you. The main division of wall insulation occurs according to the principle of installation; there are those that require additional finishing, and those that do not need it. There are simply a huge number of varieties of materials for insulation and sound insulation, many of them are similar in characteristics, and differ only in price and manufacturer.
insulation of a brick house from the outside by spraying polyurethane foam
Thermal panels for brick
Insulation for a brick house using warm plaster
As a material for making a frame, you can use metallic profile 60*27mm., or wooden blocks section 50*50 mm.
Work should begin by clearing the wall of everything that will interfere with the installation of the frame. Remove sills and slopes from windows. After which you can begin installing the end bars. If the wall to be insulated is quite flat, then the frame can be made of wood, and the bars can be secured with dowels - nails, all the way through. For external walls that have uneven surfaces, it is better to use a metal profile.
The outermost bars are installed, using a building level, strictly vertically. After which, for convenience, a cord is pulled between them; it is convenient to control the installation of the remaining bars along it. All installed bars must be at a distance of 60 cm from each other in the same plane.
The insulation is cut into pieces of the required length and placed between the bars. It should be secured using dowels - nails for insulating materials, having previously drilled holes for them in the wall.
If additional vapor barrier is necessary, it is mounted before installing the bars, directly on the wall, and only then proceed to installing the frame bars. If a metal profile is used as a frame, the whole scheme looks approximately the same, only instead of bars, profiles are installed using special hangers.
The process of insulating the brick walls of a house from the outside, using polyurethane foam, is slightly different in the order of work. You should start by cleaning the wall and removing anything that gets in the way correct installation frame. The next stage is marking and installing hangers for mounting profiles on the wall. After installing the hangers, begin applying polyurethane foam. The last step after applying the foam is installing the profiles. As in the case of bars, the outer profiles are installed first, and then the lace is pulled and the rest are mounted with its help. The profiles must be in the same plane.
Important: Before applying the foam, the hangers should be bent in such a way that they are ready for installing profiles in them; if this is not done, then after applying the foam this will no longer be possible.
After installing the frame and insulation, the next stage is installing the siding. The installation diagram depends on the type of siding panels, but general points it is worth noting.
The façade of a brick house can be finished using other technologies. For example, install slabs mineral insulation(mineral wool) and then plaster and paint the surface. Or insulate the outside walls with penoplex and cover them with brick.
Insulation of the facade of a brick house using a clinker thermal panel is fundamentally different from the installation of mineral wool and other similar types insulation. It consists in the fact that the installation of a frame and, accordingly, siding is not required. The pattern of clinker panels can be different, there are panels that look like bricks, a natural stone, etc.
Before installation, as in the case of conventional insulation, the wall must be cleaned of dust, dirt and anything that could interfere with installation. Installation of the clinker panel is done from the bottom up. From the outside, the process resembles assembling a puzzle. First, the corners and base are assembled, then the inside of the wall is gradually filled. Fastening occurs using dowel nails for insulating materials, as well as small quantity polyurethane foam, which is applied under the insulation and subsequently glues it to it.
Abroad, for a long time, this type of insulation of the external walls of a brick house is considered one of the best and is used almost everywhere. In Russia, the benefits of warm plaster have not yet been properly appreciated, although many builders are already using it in practice.
Warm plaster has a composition almost the same as regular plaster, only instead of sand bubbles of polystyrene foam, perlite or vermiculite are added to it.
Polystyrene foam is a good insulation material, anyone even unfamiliar with it knows this. construction technologies Human. The use of plaster with the addition of polystyrene foam will allow you to insulate the house without high costs, and in short term. Applying plaster does not require special preparation of the walls. Simply moisten with water and you can apply the mixture. Thermal insulation using warm plaster is quite effective because... there are no joints, cracks or other defects left on the wall through which heat can escape. Another undeniable advantage, this is the complete non-combustibility of the plaster and the absence of the need to replace the slopes on the windows, which also allows you to save on finishing.
In addition to the article, watch the video:
Brick is a durable and non-flammable material, it can withstand high loads and is used in the construction of buildings of various heights. The main disadvantage of such a house is the high thermal conductivity of the walls. The problem can be solved by increasing the thickness brickwork or by insulating the building from the outside.
Insulation of brick walls is divided into three types: external, internal and intra-wall. Last option involves constructing a building using well masonry and placing a heat insulator during the construction stage.
Internal insulation takes away the usable area of the premises, it provokes dampness in the walls and is not effective enough. Its advantage is the ability to complete the work at any convenient time and the low cost of materials. If you have a choice, you should give preference to external thermal insulation.
Among its advantages:
In order for the protection of brick walls to be reliable and durable, the materials used must have characteristics that can withstand precipitation, wind, frost and heat.
The list of popular materials for exterior cladding of a house includes a few products:
They have different composition, cost and installation features. Let's look at each material in detail.
Foam plastic - slabs of foamed polystyrene, which are cells filled with gas. This structure provides low thermal conductivity 0.032-0.039, good sound insulation and a light weight. The density of the foam is 35-50 kg/m3, the recommended layer thickness is 10 cm. The material is capable of absorbing moisture, and therefore requires waterproofing. The disadvantage of insulation is flammability, vapor permeability and sensitivity to light.
Extruded polystyrene foam - the product has the properties of polystyrene foam, but in an improved version. The material does not absorb water, it is more durable and easy to process, its thermal conductivity is 0.028-0.032. The cost of extruded polystyrene foam boards is higher than other materials for thermal insulation.
Mineral wool is one of the the best insulation materials, it does not burn, is safe, has a low density - 35-125 kg/m3. The raw materials for the material are glass, stone and slag. Air voids of 10-15 cm remain between the fibers, thanks to which mineral wool has a thermal conductivity of 0.04-0.045, absorbs noise well and allows steam to pass through. For effective protection you need a layer of 10-15 cm.
The product is available in the form of rolls, mats and slabs. Basalt wool in the slab version is characterized by resistance to deformation and increased density - 75-150 kg/m3. The material fits easily into the frame and does not cause problems during installation. The only drawback of mineral wool is its high water absorption, which requires mandatory waterproofing. The insulation is affordable, which contributes to its popularity.
Warm plaster is a dry mixture of cement, lime, plasticizers and additives from polystyrene foam granules, expanded clay, perlite. The material is somewhat inferior in terms of thermal insulation - 0.06-0.065, but has many advantages: it does not burn, is vapor permeable, resistant to moisture and microorganisms, and insulates sound well. Plaster has a significant density of 200-350 kg/m3, so it puts additional load on the foundation. Maximum thickness insulation is 5 cm.
When talking about how to insulate a brick house from the outside, you cannot miss the opportunity of finishing with thermal panels. This material is characterized by a low thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.025 with a small thickness of 60-100 mm. The base of the product is polyurethane foam, the decorative part is made of ceramic tiles. The material is resistant to frost and moisture, can be quickly installed and does not require additional finishing.
Insulation of a brick house is carried out in two ways:
Mineral wool is optimally suited for the first method, which involves creating a sheathing and a multi-layer cake with vapor and waterproofing.
Plates basalt wool strong enough to be mounted without a frame. Correct installation of insulation begins with screwing a horizontal metal profile at the bottom, which will keep the material from sliding. The plates are fixed with special glue and dowels with a wide head. Each row begins with an offset. After finishing all surfaces of the facade, a mesh is laid on the mineral wool and a layer of plaster is applied.
Panels of polystyrene foam or extruded polystyrene foam are attached to the wall using a simple technology called “wet facade” due to the presence of processes that require drying.
Working with insulating plaster will take time, especially if you lack painting skills. To properly prepare the solution, the mixture is diluted according to the instructions.
The insulation materials considered can be used in any region; the thickness of effective thermal insulation is calculated according to local climatic characteristics.
Practical and high-quality sand-lime brick is a material suitable for construction multi-storey buildings. If construction technologies are followed and the correct grade of strength is selected, a ten-story building made of sand-lime brick (SBC) will last for decades, delighting residents with its comfort and warmth. In addition, manufacturers offer a large assortment of SC varieties indicated for arranging load-bearing walls, internal partitions, self-supporting structures, the shape of the bars can also be varied, but there are some restrictions. Everything is worth talking about in more detail.
Its structure is almost identical to natural limestone. Today, plasticizers and other components are added to the composition to increase the moisture resistance of the material and strengthen its fragility.
Important! Brick production requires special equipment, so brick can be considered the least counterfeit building material.
Production stages:
The production process is similar to the production of foam and gas silicate blocks, so manufacturers often offer a full range of products.
When choosing to build a house from sand-lime brick, you need to have a good understanding of the types of products. It is worth noting that in terms of frost resistance and density, SK is identical to ceramic, that is, the qualities are extremely high.
Important! All material characteristics are regulated by GOST 379-79.
The standard indicators of the finished product are:
Frost resistance means the ability of a material, in a state of complete water saturation, to withstand cycles of thawing and freezing without loss. high quality.
Strength is an indicator of a material’s ability to resist internal and external deformations. The digital designation of the parameter shows the maximum permissible load per 1 m2.
There are also different types of bricks: solid and hollow. Unlike ceramics, silicates are equipped with cylindrical holes located in the center of the bar. It is important that manufacturers often produce SCs in the shape required by the customer. The parties can be either medium or large.
Important! Production technology requires the use of equipment, the readjustment of which takes a long time, so if you are offered a small batch, then build good house Such sand-lime brick will not work - it is counterfeit, made with manufacturing violations.
When deciding to build a residential building from SS, you need to familiarize yourself with the positive and negative qualities product. The advantages include the following indicators:
Important! Facing elements SK correspond more high requirements than the material intended for internal partitions.
Important! Lime compounds are a natural component, therefore sand-lime brick is classified as environmentally friendly pure materials. Artificial compounds (additives, plasticizers) make up no more than 0.3-0.7% of the total specific gravity.
But with all the advantages, the material has a number of disadvantages:
Advice! Provided very good waterproofing, low lying groundwater, sand-lime brick can be used for cladding the base, but the strength characteristics deteriorate over time, which will lead to the destruction of the structure ahead of schedule minimal use.
To make a choice, you should take into account the factor of evenness of the elements. Thanks to the production process, in which the blanks are released from the mold only at the very end, texture and geometric evenness are preserved in the finished form. Increased performance properties do not affect the cost - it remains low regardless of the type and grade of material.
Important! The use of SK for lining and arrangement of furnaces is strictly prohibited. In a few years, such a structure will collapse, which can cause not only expensive repairs of the entire structure, but also a fire with the complete destruction of the house.
If there is an order, bricklaying is not difficult even for a novice builder. However, you will have to be patient and attentive. The geometric shapes help ensure tight joining, but with the slightest carelessness, the dignity of the material will be lost. To carry out the work you will need cement mortar made of cement, water and sand, although many builders use clay composition.
Important! The masonry mixture must be very thick, since the blocks have increased mass.
A trowel, a hammer for straightening the masonry and a plumb line with a horizontal level will not hurt. Each row needs to be checked for vertical and horizontal alignment. As for the features of the building, they are as follows:
Important! The combination is advantageous in terms of the use of high qualities of both materials: internal partitions are rarely exposed to moisture, but must be extremely durable. The cladding often experiences aggressiveness external environment Therefore, excellent strength and resistance to water, snow and other phenomena is required.
Important! If the insulation parameters require few double bricks, laying is done in two and a half, however, with careful insulation, such laying is unprofitable.
To insulate a house made of sand-lime brick, you can use almost any materials. The peculiarity of the application is that the external method is used for cladding, which has many advantages:
There is no advice on choosing a material, since all indicators depend only on the requirements for insulation: if we are building a house in a warm climate, the lightest option is used; in colder latitudes, the shortcomings of the thermal conductivity of the insulating material need to be leveled out good insulation. An advantage for choosing thermal insulation is the low vapor permeability of sand-lime brick.
Important! Considered objectively, this point rather refers to the disadvantages, because of which the material is not recommended to be used in a humid climate, but for insulation, the disadvantages of permeability turn into advantages.
We will look at some of them in this article.
The wall that , will cool several times slower. The undoubted advantages are:
Differences in insulation
walls are not considered so popular, all due to a number of significant disadvantages:
Despite a number of disadvantages, internal insulation is characterized by positive qualities:
Organic heat insulators on the market are represented by a wide range 
range of goods.
They are based on materials of natural origin:
There are two types of mineral wool: slag and stone. To produce the first, companies use slag. Stone wool is distinguished by: CaCO3, rocks that are used for paving streets, minerals containing calcium and magnesia, volcanic rocks and others.
This concept includes the following varieties:
All these materials are characterized by corresponding fibers, which are based on glass, rocks, and slag.
Averages:
Before you decide whether to insulate brick facade this material, it must be taken into account that it is prone to excessive moisture absorption. Therefore, it is additionally treated with special chemical materials.
Mineral wool
Oversized material, which due to its characteristics and affordable price has become the most popular material for thermal insulation. In the construction market you can always find a copy whose average indicators are:
Polystyrene foam is practically free from moisture, plus it is vapor-proof. In addition, the material is quite fragile, easily flammable, and during smoldering it emits many dangerous chemical elements. U of this material There are many shortcomings, but as an economy option it is ideal.
Styrofoam
In terms of its characteristics, the material resembles the foam plastic described above, only there is one difference - exclusively the latest developments are used in its production.
Averages:
It is often used for external insulation; it is quite strong and retains heat well. Naturally, its cost is several times higher than that of the two options discussed above.
It is distinguished by sound insulation and vapor permeability.
Characteristics:
This is an ideal insulation material for cladding the external wall of a brick house, but requires special conditions due to its characteristics:
Plaster
This material is distinguished by both thermal insulation and the ability to cover the surface of walls..
Characteristics:
NOTE!
Today on the market you can find panels that are produced as imitation siding or lining. They are covered with a special quartz coating.
Thermal panels
wall pie
At the stage of thermal insulation of the wall, it is necessary to pay Special attention for vapor barrier, otherwise the insulating material will become unusable after some time. The classic material for vapor barrier is polyethylene.
When installing, you must handle it extremely carefully and do not pull it too hard, otherwise the film may become deformed, especially during seasonal changes in climatic conditions.
Waterproofing
Frequently used vapor barrier material It is customary to consider mastics specially created for these purposes. If they are applied to the wall, they will allow air to pass through while retaining moisture. Waterproofing protects various building structures
from moisture penetration. It is easy to apply, does not require special qualifications from workers, and does not form seams.
For brick walls, plaster is often used instead of vapor barrier, which is not very true in the case of mineral wool, because the insulation will begin to dampen.
Sealing cracks and preparing sheathing It is better to replace damaged walls or. major renovation The gaps in the joints are sealed natural materials.
or synthetic stone sealants Before insulating the wall, you need to take care of preparing the sheathing. The distance between its bars should be determined based on the width of the insulation board building level check the vertical and horizontal surface for finishing. The sheathing bars should be directed perpendicular to the direction of the facing panel.
Brick wall sheathing
Do not forget about installing transverse sheathing to ensure high-quality ventilation.
For the convenience of installing intermediate elements of the sheathing, a rope is pulled from the corner beam from below and above the facade. Some people mark future elements with chalk.
Insulation with mineral wool
Insulation under siding
Today, many builders insulate their facades with extruded polystyrene foam. The slabs are laid taking into account the degree of horizontality. Sags will ideally cope with the task. When installing the slab, it is extremely necessary to pay attention to maintaining the uniformity of the profile strip; for this, a building level is used.
The joining of slabs is carried out according to the principle of brickwork, in other words, you need to mount half of the slab every row. The cracks are sealed with liquid polystyrene and pieces of polystyrene foam, but it is better not to use polyurethane foam. If the slabs are poorly joined, this can be easily corrected with a float.
Foam boards are attached with glue, but do not forget about special dowels with caps. Otherwise, due to strong gusts of wind, the slabs will fall off.
As for polyurethane foam, this is a new generation material that:
Thermal insulation with polystyrene foam
Thermal insulation PPU
Insulating a brick house from the outside has a number of advantages. The main thing is to choose the right material and use it rationally, taking into account all the subtleties.
How to insulate a brick wall with your own hands:
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Content
Owners of private houses know very well how serious the issue of insulating the facade of the house is. This has become especially true with rising energy prices. Insulating the facade will help keep thermal energy inside the house, creating a comfortable and cozy atmosphere. In addition, this allows you to significantly save on utility bills. To understand how to insulate a brick house from the outside, you need to familiarize yourself with existing technologies and installation features.
When externally insulating the walls of a brick house, many nuances must be taken into account. The thermal conductivity of a wall depends on the structure of the brick, for example, whether it is hollow or solid. The quality of the chosen thermal insulator is important. It is unacceptable to use thermal insulation intended for internal insulation, for façade insulation. After all, it has significant differences in technical characteristics.
Materials for thermal insulation of external brick walls
Insulating walls from the outside means changing the appearance of the house. The final result will be influenced by the chosen thermal insulation technology.
Among the advantages:
There are two known technologies that can be used to properly insulate a house from the outside.:
In the first case, the insulation is glued directly to the wall. For this, a special adhesive mixture is used. Additionally, the heat insulator is fixed with plastic dowels. The surface is treated with special plaster mixtures, with the help of which the external appearance of the facade is formed.
Thermal insulation of external walls In the second case, a frame is constructed according to the principle of a ventilated facade. Insulation is placed between the frame posts. The frame can be made of wood or aluminum profile. Facing material, for example, lining, siding, etc., is mounted on it.
On the market you can see big choice thermal insulation materials. Each of them has its own specifications. Our article will help you figure out how to insulate brick walls.
There are several important criteria, which the insulation must comply with:
When determining the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, it is recommended to pay attention to:
Thermal insulation of house walls with external facade plaster So, what is the best way to insulate a brick house from the outside? Let's compare several technologies:
| Material | Properties |
| Styrofoam | This is foamed polystyrene, the cells of which are filled with gas. This structure provides a low thermal conductivity coefficient, which reaches 0.033. In addition to insulation, polystyrene foam increases the quality of sound insulation of the structure. This insulation is lightweight. Density – from 35 to 50 kg/m3. For facade finishing, a thickness of 100 mm is recommended. Disadvantages of polystyrene foam: flammability, sensitivity to ultraviolet rays, vapor permeability. |
| Extruded polystyrene foam | Has all the properties of polystyrene foam. But it has an additional advantage: the thermal conductivity coefficient is up to 0.028. Extruded polystyrene foam is stronger than polystyrene foam and easier to install. |
| Mineral wool | Not flammable. Environmentally friendly. Minimum density from 35 to 125 kg/m3. Thermal conductivity ranges from 0.04 to 0.045. It allows steam to pass through, eliminating the possibility of moisture formation. Has good soundproofing properties. Sold in rolls, slabs and mats. For reliable protection For a brick house, a material with a height of up to 150 mm is recommended. |
| Basalt wool | The density of slab basalt wool ranges from 75 to 150 kg/m3. Easy to install. The big disadvantage is the high level of water absorption. The insulation is necessarily protected by a special waterproofing layer. |
| Warm plaster | This is a mixture of perlite, expanded clay, polystyrene foam granules, plasticizer, lime and cement. Thermal insulation level is from 0.06 to 0.065. Does not support or spread fire. Has a high coefficient of vapor permeability. Copes with negative impact moisture. Increases sound insulation of walls. The density of warm plaster is from 200 to 350 kg/m3. Because of this, a serious load is placed on the foundation. Recommended thickness 50 mm. |
| Thermal panels | Thermal panel has a low thermal conductivity coefficient (no more than 0.025 with a product thickness of 100 mm). The thermal panel is based on polyurethane foam. Thanks to the large assortment, in addition to insulation, you can immediately decorate the facade. Front side thermal panels laid out ceramic tiles. The insulation is highly resistant to moisture and frost. Very easy to install. |
When deciding how to insulate the facade of a brick house, you should not take into account the individual technical characteristics of the building.
Of all the materials listed, the most popular are foam and mineral wool. If the work is done with your own hands, then we suggest step by step instructions how to properly insulate a brick house.
We suggest considering 2 methods of attaching mineral wool: with glue and in a frame.
Mineral wool for thermal insulation Technology of insulation with mineral wool on glue:
Advice! When insulating a house using slab mineral wool, you may find irregularities that form at the joints. They should be removed with special graters for mineral wool.
In conclusion, all that remains is to reinforce the insulating surface. The finish is covered with a decorative layer of plaster and painted.
How to insulate walls with mineral wool using frame method . Sequence of work:
Frame method insulation There are features of insulating brick walls from the outside with polystyrene foam. Sequence of work:
Expanded polystyrene for thermal insulation of brick walls Each subsequent row is laid in a checkerboard pattern. Finally, the surface is reinforced and decorative is applied to it. finishing plaster for outdoor work. After complete drying, the plaster can be painted in the desired color.
Important! If you follow the recommendations, you can do all the work yourself without involving specialists. Moreover, there is no need to use expensive equipment and tools.
We tried to consider in detail the question of how and what is the best way to insulate brick walls. The choice of thermal insulation material should be based on the characteristics of the masonry and the structure of the brick. You should not skimp on the quality of the heat insulator, because a high-quality insulated facade will allow you to save money when heating your house in winter time. We invite you to watch the video in which you will discover many nuances that will help you do the installation yourself.
