In order not to part with summer even in harsh winters and to have the opportunity to enjoy greenery every day, you can arrange your personal winter Garden. This kind of construction is most often carried out by professionals. But if you have the desire and time, then you can pick up a simple project and arrange a winter garden in a private house with your own hands. To save as much as possible on costs and still get a high-quality result, you should take the advice of experts and also comply with all technical requirements.
One of the most important stages in the construction of a winter garden in a house is the choice of cardinal direction:
When choosing a location for a winter garden, take into account not only the specified characteristics, but also the design of the house itself.
Also at this stage it is worth familiarizing yourself with the types of designs. They are divided into two large groups:
Each option will make its own adjustments to the design and construction process. Do not forget that the shape of the winter garden room can be completely different. The most popular options:
In fact, there are much more design options for buildings, and everyone has the right to make their own changes and adjustments or combine two options into one combined one.
The modern construction market offers consumers a wide range of materials.
One of the most common types of cladding materials. Glass has been used for many years not only for winter gardens, but also for greenhouses, greenhouses, greenhouses and verandas. This popularity is due to the high bearing capacity, maximum transmission of sunlight (almost 98%), and rapid heat transfer. If we talk about the shortcomings, then here we can highlight only a few positions:
The problem of high cost can be solved by considering glass of a smaller thickness, and to increase strength, the area of the frame structure should be reinforced.
This is one of the innovative developments that, after appearing on construction market immediately gained great popularity and distribution in various areas. A winter garden made of polycarbonate will allow you to complete all the work in less time and at the same time reduce the cost of purchasing material. Its advantages include:
The upper protective layer of the material does not allow moisture to pass into the structure, so it is not afraid of various precipitation.
One more fashion trend In the construction of winter gardens and greenhouses, the use of double-glazed windows is considered. The profile can be:
Can be used for the manufacture of double-glazed windows different types glass: reflective, energy-saving, multifunctional and transparent float glass.
The intended design of the winter garden itself is a continuation of the area and roof of the house. With proper selection of materials and thoughtful design, the winter garden will not sag under the weight of snow. You must first draw up drawings and plans with dimensions. This will allow you to purchase the required amount of materials and carry out high-quality construction.
The first step in creating a winter garden is pouring the foundation. Here it is worth considering several nuances: a winter garden is a one-story structure, where the overall load is especially affected by heavy tubs with various plants. Therefore, if you want to avoid soil subsidence, you should start pouring the foundation.
When deciding how to make a foundation, follow the tape version technology. To do this, it will be enough to dig a trench according to pre-applied markings. The depth should be about 50 cm and the width no more than 15 cm. Use reinforcement to strengthen the base. A cushion of a mixture of sand and crushed stone is placed at the bottom of the trench. It will play the role of thermal insulation. Don't forget about waterproofing: one or two layers of roofing material will be enough. Then the cement mortar is poured.
When choosing materials for the floor, it is best to choose concrete. After complete hardening, it is necessary to lay finishing material, namely:
When arranging the floor, do not forget about a layer of insulation and waterproofing. The first one will not release heat into the ground, and the second one will not let it in groundwater to the design.
To build a frame, you can also choose one of the proposed options or a combination of them:
Depending on the chosen material, fasteners can be nails, screws, or dowels. Bonding can be done using a welding machine (for steel structures). The pitch between the guides is determined depending on the width of the material purchased for the cladding.
After construction, you can begin direct cladding (glass or polycarbonate) or install double-glazed windows. The joints between the walls of the house and the winter garden must be covered with insulating foam.
The ideal option is considered to be this combination: metal supports and aluminum profile.
When choosing a material for arranging a roof, you should take into account one very important point: glass will not be able to withstand snow cover, so you should not give it preference. It is best to sheathe the roof with polycarbonate or install two- or three-chamber double-glazed windows. There should also be a slope, which will allow the snow to fall down on its own and not block the path of sunlight.
The thickness of the glass in double-glazed windows should not exceed 5 mm, otherwise the roof structure will be too heavy.
To choose the right option, it is necessary not only to study the properties and capabilities of the systems, but also to know exactly the location and features of the winter garden itself. Financial capabilities should also be included in the selection criteria. Let's consider the main types of heating that can be used to heat a winter garden, as well as their positive and negative sides.
Advantages:
Flaws:
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Flaws:
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Flaws:
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Flaws:
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Flaws:
To create an optimal and efficient heating system, it is best to use several of the above options simultaneously.
A winter garden in a house can be classified as a complex engineering and technical structure that is built for the purpose of growing plants in comfortable conditions throughout the year. To implement this, you must adhere to the following mandatory conditions:
Some points are worth going into in more detail.
Due to the large number of plants in the room, air humidity constantly increases, which leads to the formation of condensation. Avoiding this is quite simple - you need to install or equip a ventilation system:
When organizing ventilation, it is worth considering that a draft is an enemy of plants that can destroy them.
Thanks to wall and roof cladding transparent material There will be a sufficient amount of natural light in the room throughout the day. But, at the same time, it is worth considering that in cloudy weather, as well as in winter period, this will not be enough. Among a wide variety of sources artificial lighting, that is, types of lamps, it is worth highlighting only fluorescent ones. Among their advantages are:
IN Lately Special phytolamps are becoming increasingly popular for creating lighting in a winter garden or greenhouse. They favor plant photosynthesis.
A constant watering system must be provided at the stage of laying the soil and forming flower beds with plants. A modern drip irrigation system is best suited for these purposes. Through the laid hoses, water will flow drop by drop into the ground. To control watering, use sensors that monitor soil moisture.
An artificial reservoir, for example, a fountain or a humidifier, will add humidity to the air itself.
According to designers, it is best to divide the winter garden into several separate zones. This approach will improve the functionality of the room. To plan your design correctly , Three main zones should be provided:
The stylistic direction of the winter garden design depends entirely on the wishes and preferences of the owners. Among the most common styles are classic, Japanese, hi-tech, country and modern.
It is impossible to arrange a spacious winter garden in an apartment. But the owners of dachas, country cottages and private houses can easily create a personal evergreen oasis in which they will enjoy spending time with a cup of tea on a frosty day. The shape and size of the winter garden will depend solely on your own capabilities and imagination.
A winter garden on the roof, depending on the arrangement, can be:
A winter garden can be installed not only in house extensions, but also on the roofs/attics of private/apartment buildings, office buildings, sports complexes, banks and restaurants.
Below are the main advantages of this solution:
Before starting construction of a roof garden, it is necessary to take into account some nuances that should be reflected in the project:
At the first stage, you should clear the roof of roofing material and everything that will interfere with construction. As for the frame, it can be made from a wooden beam/metal corner. However, the most suitable material for this purpose - an aluminum profile/pipe. The main advantage of aluminum profiles/pipes is their light weight, the possibility of painting them in the desired color and the absence of the need to maintain the frame made from it in the future.
It is better to assemble the frame on the ground .
The roof of the winter garden should have an inclination angle of 30º in inner side. Thus, water drainage will be ensured, snow will slide, and more importantly, this angle will facilitate the penetration of more sunlight into the garden. The roof should be equipped with an anti-icing system, which will prevent its deformation in the future.
The number of doors is determined at the garden design stage. The entrance to the winter garden is usually from inside the room. Because the we're talking about about a roof garden, it is important to consider the presence of a staircase with railings.
The presence of vents will help with ventilation, which will promote constant air circulation. The area for windows/doors should be ¼ of the entire glazed area of the garden. Immediately install mosquito nets on the windows.
The arrangement of other utilities and the choice of materials for glazing does not differ from the technology described in this article.
See how the winter garden structure is assembled:
In the diagrams you can see options for arranging a winter garden:
Roof gardens are one option decorative decoration buildings, gaining popularity due to worsening environmental problems. This is especially popular design solution enjoys in major cities Europe and the USA, however, recently you can increasingly see green spaces on the roofs of private houses in the suburbs and small towns.
In addition to the decorative function, such structures, when applied on a large scale, are able to cope with more serious tasks: they become a shelter for birds, help control the temperature in buildings, and become areas for agricultural activities (green roofs, hydroponics, aeroponics). One way or another, rooftop gardens bring a lot of benefits to people and the environment.
Despite the fact that the very history of mankind is associated with a reduction in the area allocated to plants, people have long sought to decorate their homes with the help of greenery. In addition to the famous Hanging Gardens, which became a wonder of the world, there are the famous Mesopotamian ziggurats, on the terraces of which plants were planted.
Another example, closer to our era, is the Villa of the Mysteries in Pompeii. A special area was built here on which trees and shrubs were grown.
The creation of gardens has practically not stopped in Europe since ancient times. In Russia, gardens built in late XIX centuries using the technology of Karl Rabitz. At that time, many apartment buildings were decorated in this way. So, rooftop gardens are not a new thing in our country.
As already mentioned, green roof gardens most often appear in urban areas. One of the main functions of such plantings is to absorb thermal radiation, which allows you to save on electricity.
The main reason for the accumulation of heat in modern cities is not a large amount of emissions into the atmosphere, but insolation - heating of surfaces by solar radiation. Plants, thanks to the constant movement of liquid in them, provide a stable temperature for their leaves and trunks, which prevents the roofs of buildings from overheating.
Scientists are confident that the widespread use of this landscaping technology will reduce the amount of smog, solve the problem of heat stress and reduce the amount of energy consumed.
Gardens also help retain rainwater, resulting in much less of it reaching the streets and happening more slowly. For many cities, the problem becomes urgent - the asphalt surface does not allow liquid to be absorbed, and drains do not cope with their task if the amount of precipitation exceeds the norm.
Soil and root systems act as natural barriers, reducing the amount of moisture that ends up in drains.
The role of additional space for growing food is also noted.
Roof garden— great option for autonomous buildings that can use the resulting vegetables and fruits in their diet. Given that soil weighs quite a lot, gardens are usually suitable for growing a limited number of plant varieties. Then, for example, hydroponics comes to the rescue.
In private houses in the city, in this way you can get almost a full area for growing fruits for the purpose of self-cooking.
Roof gardens are often confused with living roofs. The main difference is that the installation of a roof garden provides not only the presence of green spaces, but also the creation of additional recreation space for the residents of the house. Green roof, although it can cope with the same tasks, is usually created with the aim of increasing noise insulation or reducing heat transfer.
For planting on a green roof, traditionally small plants are used that can withstand the difficulties associated with insufficient watering, and also do not experience problems due to wind. Therefore, such areas often resemble a lawn in a park.
Their most common type is extensive, in which the soil layer reaches only a few centimeters. Intensive, with a deeper layer of soil, is used less frequently, since it requires certain preparation of the structure due to the mass of the poured soil.
Gardens solve aesthetic and recreational problems. A wider range of plants is used here: shrubs, trees, vines, all kinds of flowers. Growing plants for food requires deeper fertile layer Therefore, gardens are often installed on multi-story buildings designed for high loads.
Construction of a roof garden using technology requires certain preparation. Initially - training the owner of the building, who must soberly assess his capabilities. And we are not just talking about the financial component: gardens require care, without which there will be little benefit from such plantings.
Having compiled detailed plan actions and having selected the necessary materials, you can begin work. And this doesn’t mean looking at photos of roof gardens and choosing the one you like.
All actions are carried out in a certain order.
If you want to make your work easier, you can use ready-made roof garden plans. Then the result will not be unique, but already proven.
Since the climate in Russia does not allow one to enjoy flowering plants all year round, the practice of creating winter gardens on the roof - heated rooms with natural light - is widespread.
Unlike the process described above, to all the above operations we must also add the creation additional frame with its subsequent installation. Here it is necessary to think through a number of additional points, including assessing the capabilities of the building’s foundation - additional space on the roof will still require a fair amount of strength from the load-bearing structures.
In addition, a winter garden on the roof of a house, as a rule, has an internal entrance to avoid sudden temperature changes when visiting it. Therefore, construction must be carried out so that the entrance coincides with the exit to the roof, or has an additional “corridor”.
A separate problem is the vents, which should be enough to ensure air circulation. We must not forget about heating the room. If in summer the plants receive enough heat from the sun, then in winter you need to take care of the temperature. One option is heated floors. However, we must not forget about the circulation of liquid, so the plan must take into account the characteristics of the room. Portable heaters will cope with the heating task, but will require significant energy expenditure. Therefore, it is better to connect the winter garden to central system heating.
Another difficulty is watering. IN summer time the flow of liquid can be ensured by opening the roof elements, but in winter it will be necessary to establish drip irrigation. If there are not many plants, then it is easier to get by with a regular watering can.
Well, to ensure sufficient moisture, you can create an artificial pond. One way to incorporate it into your design and get aesthetic pleasure is to create a miniature fountain. By maintaining a warm atmosphere in the room, the water will partially evaporate, which will be enough to create the necessary microclimate.
Project of a house with a winter garden on the roof - technologically difficult decision, which requires a balanced assessment of many factors: from the load on the building’s supporting structures to the moisture resistance of the materials used.
It is necessary to approach the work responsibly, because a missed moment can not only deprive you of the joy of owning a garden, but also cause financial losses.
Depending on whether you are building a garden on the roof of a private house or improving a high-rise building, the number of necessary documents To coordinate and plan work, the list of materials available for work will change, as well as the ability to use various tools.
But in any case, the beauty and aesthetic value of the garden as a result is worth the effort and completion. In the photo of DIY gardens on the roof of a house you can see a lot of magnificent examples of structures.
Designing a garden on the roof of a house is becoming quite popular among both city dwellers and rural residents. This is not only an attractive way of landscaping, but also an additional place to relax. We will look further at the advantages, varieties and technology of arranging a garden on the roof of a house.
The only disadvantage of building a roof garden is that it is almost impossible to arrange it yourself - you need to contact specialists who deal with landscape design, architects and builders.
We invite you to familiarize yourself with positive qualities roof garden structures:
1. Building a rooftop garden improves the environment. IN big cities, which consist of a large number multi-storey buildings, there are very few trees and green plants. A rooftop garden is an excellent solution that will save space and at the same time purify the air and prevent the greenhouse effect.
2. Increasing sound insulation and thermal insulation - installing a roof garden reduces noise production indoors and regulates the passage of heat. A house with a garden on the roof will be warm in winter and cold in summer. Therefore, the installation costs of air conditioners and heaters are significantly reduced.
3. When a garden or lawn is installed on the roof, its service life increases by several years, because the plants and soil cover provide reliable protection it from the influence of moisture and unfavorable weather conditions. If provided proper care behind the garden, then such a roof will last more than eighteen years.
4. Constructing a rooftop garden not only saves space, but also compensates for developments. The roof garden area is almost the same as the area of the house, so the construction of the garden compensates for the area on which the house is built.
5. In big cities - which do not have good drainage systems, a roof garden is a lifesaver during heavy rains, as it retains a certain amount of water. This way, flooding can be prevented.
6. The roof garden is an additional place to relax. The furniture installed in it will allow you to have picnics here or just relax while reading a book.
7. A house with a garden on its surface not only pleases the eye, but also attracts the attention of everyone around.
8. Roof garden perfect place spending free time. It is very attractive, so here you can just enjoy nature and breathe fresh air, healing the body.
Depending on the type of roof landscaping, roof gardens are:
The first option involves constructing a garden on lightweight types of soil, with a thickness of 50 to 150 mm. This method is the easiest way to protect the roof from influence external factors and in creating an autonomous ecosystem. With this type of landscaping, it is recommended to use only plants that do not require special care and frequent watering. The extensive type of garden landscaping presupposes the presence of a continuous cover, in which only evergreen plants are present. There are no recreation areas in this type of garden. The scope of use of the extensive landscaping method extends to small houses, gazebos, outbuildings or garages. This method is convenient and easy to install. The total mass of soil with plants does not exceed twenty kilograms per 1 m², so the base does not require additional fixation. Another type of extensive gardening is the installation of ordinary tubs in which plants are planted. They are installed on a flat roof when spring arrives, and removed in the fall. This option involves the arrangement of a recreation area, but has a rather low attractiveness compared to a real garden.
The second option for building a roof garden is intensive. It assumes the presence of a real garden, with a recreation area, walking paths, and it is possible to build a gazebo, fountain, waterfall or a real reservoir. In this case, a very strong foundation is required that can withstand a ground cover of about 150-200 cm in height. This type of roof garden design is more suitable for multi-storey buildings, hotels, shops and other large objects.
In relation to the type of roof on which the garden is planned to be located, it can be:
The second type implies the possibility of constructing a garden only in an extensive version, while the first allows the use of any type of garden, depending on the strength characteristics of the building.
Roof garden photo:
The maximum slope of the roof on which the garden is planned to be installed is thirty degrees. If the roof slope is greater, the soil will begin to crumble under the influence of moisture and rain.
Roof flat type must withstand the highest possible loads. Ordinary soil, the layer of which is 10 cm, installed on one square meter roof area, weighs 200 kg, and in addition to soil, you will also need the presence of trees, accessories and people staying in the garden. To reduce the load, it is recommended to use special lightweight drainage systems.
In winter, snow will linger on the roof surface, so the load will become more than 600 kg. Landscape design consultants recommend installing heavy objects on the load-bearing part of the building, thus reducing the load.
You should also take care to strengthen vertical structures and their protection from strong wind. The perimeter of the roof must be edged with a special parapet, which will protect people in the garden. Don’t forget to take care of designing a special, and most importantly, convenient entrance to the garden.
Creating a rooftop garden should be taken very seriously. It assumes the presence of a large number of layers, none of which is recommended to be missed.
We invite you to familiarize yourself with the stages of developing a roof garden and their features:
1. The supporting structure of the roof acts as the first and main layer. If the garden is installed on a flat roof, then it will be a reinforced concrete slab, otherwise it is necessary to provide a continuous sheathing. If there are roofing materials in the form of slate or tiles, take care to remove them, as they are not required during the construction of the garden. On a flat roof, the reinforced concrete slab should be installed in such a way as to provide a slight slope, a maximum of two degrees, to allow water to drain away in case of rain. To do this, you must first prepare cement mortar and apply it to the slab in the form of a screed, the required slope.
2. The next layer involves installing waterproofing. You should be very careful about the arrangement of this layer, since if a leak occurs, you will need to remove the entire structure to repair it. The best option for carrying out waterproofing work is the use of bitumen-polymer materials of a guided roll type. The first layer is fastened mechanically, and the second layer is first guided, and then all seams are soldered. The extreme sections must be bent to a height that exceeds the thickness of the insulating layer.
3. Thermal insulation material is used as the third layer. In this design, it is appropriate to use polyurethane or polystyrene foam boards. You should avoid small seams between the plates, and also use glue for their more reliable installation.
4. A layer of protection against penetration of the root system involves installing a root-protective membrane that will prevent roots from entering garden plants into previous layers of thermal and waterproofing. Some experts in the construction industry recommend not installing this layer if big trees there are none in the garden. But landscape designers insist on arranging any garden with the presence of this layer. This function is performed by a gasket made of polymers; it is characterized by elasticity, the presence of special cells that retain moisture and steel-coated films.
5. The fifth layer is geotextile. This material Sold in rolls and installed on the surface with a large overlap.
6. Next installation is required drainage system, its thickness varies from 50 to 100 mm. The main function of this layer is to remove excess moisture and supply water to plants at the time they need it. Standard option is the use of perlite coke, crushed pumice or expanded clay gravel. If such materials are not available, it is possible to use ordinary clay or gravel, but note that such a structure will be heavier. To improve water flow, it is recommended to install perforated pipes.
8. Well, the last thing is the layer of soil in which the plants will grow. Usually, a special soil is installed on the roof, which is filled with sand, perlite, expanded clay, peat, clay and slate rocks. The thickness of this layer ranges from 50 mm to 500 mm. It is prohibited to use ordinary black soil or other soil without additives in the roof garden, as the structure will be very heavy, which will affect both the general condition of the building and will lead to the garden sliding down.
When preparatory work Once the creation of the garden is completed, you should select the plants and begin planting them. The roof is a place where there is a lot of wind and sun, so the plants must be appropriate.
Do not choose plants that have extensive root system. It is better to choose arrow-shaped plants or climbing species.
The only difference between creating a garden on a pitched roof and a straight roof is that a drainage layer is optional for a pitched roof. Since the water already flows down the slope. Perimeter pitched roof needs to be further strengthened to prevent soil sliding.
The main difference between a rooftop winter garden and a regular garden is the presence of a veranda or room in which the plants are located. The winter garden is a transparent structure that has vertical and pitched surfaces.
The basis of the winter garden is a structure of beams, trusses or columns, which are made of wood, metal or aluminum.
Depending on its location, a winter garden can be:
The shape of the garden also depends on the preferences of its owner. Winter garden structures come in various types and shapes, but their construction requires support in the form of a parapet or foundation. They have an autonomous heating and ventilation system, are characterized by the presence of lighting and devices responsible for controlling humidity.
The installation location of the winter garden is also important; let’s consider the main options for its installation:
The process of selecting a plant for a roof garden is quite complex and time-consuming. All plants will thrive in sunny and windy conditions. They should be unpretentious and also be combined with each other.
The soil layer freezes very quickly in winter, as it is thin, so plants must be frost-resistant.
Therefore, we highlight several requirements that are mandatory for plants for a roof garden:
There are not so many plants recommended for planting on the roof, about 60 species. These are some types of sedum, herbaceous or ground cover plants. Among the trees, you should focus on their dwarf species: deciduous shrubs or conifers. Choose those types of plants that do well in the climate in which the garden is located. Since exotic species are very expensive and do not always take root in extreme conditions garden The composition of the soil for each landscape area should differ from each other, depending on the type of plants that are planted on it. Provide moderate watering of the plants, since with abundant humidity, water will get into the layers of insulation.
Under the right conditions, plants on the roof grow faster than on the ground. Because the sun's rays are too bright, they germinate earlier in the spring, and their leaves are brighter and more colorful in the fall.
Roof gardens attract a large number of birds, so here you have the opportunity to feel at one with nature. There is another option for installing a mini-greenhouse in the garden, since the sun is close, vegetables, fruits or flowers will ripen much faster in such a greenhouse.
For garden landscaping, it is recommended to use plants that have an extensive root system. To plant large plants, you need to create a special box, niche or flower bed. If the climatic conditions are cold enough, take care of constructing a plant heating system.
If the appropriate conditions exist, then a fountain, waterfall or pool will fit perfectly on the roof. Then it will bring even more joy to its inhabitants.
Used for intensive landscaping fewer species plants than with extensive. It is recommended to plant plants that have a fibrous root system. For the winter, such plants cover thermal insulation material. To decorate the roof and diversify it appearance, use potted plants.
You can organize a winter garden on the roof of both a private and apartment building. This non-standard option has its advantages. In the summer, it will be possible to do without using a complex ventilation system - you just have to open the windows; natural light will spread throughout the entire area of the eco-zone; you will only need to adjust the curtains; and you can also look at the stars every night, enjoying the intoxicating aromas of nature.
1. The area where the winter garden will be located must first be prepared - cleared of all unnecessary things.
2. Check that the roof slope is at least 30°. Only under this condition will melt water, rain and snow not linger on it, and the room will better “receive” the rays of the sun. Ideally, care should also be taken to prevent icing of the roof - to prevent its deformation due to excessive weight load. To do this, an anti-ice system is used: a cable is laid along the rafters and around the perimeter of the roof, through which heat will flow.
3. Before you start installation work indoors, improve entrance group. The number of doors directly depends on the features of the project. If the entrance is from the inside, you will need to organize stairs and railings. If outside, we recommend using sliding door. As practice has shown, this option is the most practical.
4. As soon as the territory of the object, including the adjacent one, is ready, you can begin assembling the frame. Ideally, this should be an aluminum profile or pipe. Both materials weigh little and require no maintenance. In addition, it can be given any color, so the presence of metal in the greenhouse will not be so noticeable.
5. Let's move on to glazing. According to the rules, at least ¼ of the glazed surface must be vents. To avoid spending money on repairing them later, immediately choose reliable hinges. And, of course, do not forget to order mosquito nets.
note
It is more profitable to fix the glazing on the ground. Otherwise, you will have to erect scaffolding, which will be an extra expense.
Glazing of the winter garden roof is made using glass or polycarbonate. Here is a summary table of the benefits of each material.
| Glass | Polycarbonate |
| Uniform, perfect transparency (it does not become cloudy over time) | Ease |
| Scratch resistance | Simplicity self-replacement damaged sheet |
| More aesthetic appearance | Lower cost |
| With an energy-saving coating, the cost of heating the garden in cold weather can be significantly reduced | Better heat and sound insulation characteristics (the difference is insignificant, but still there) |
note
If you decide to use a glass sheet, make sure that it has a reflective protective film. Thanks to her long stay in winter garden on the roof of a house in summer period will become much more comfortable, and the plants will be freed from excess sunlight. However, you can fight it with the help of blinds, roller blinds, roller shutters, etc.
Whatever glazing of the winter garden roof you choose, remember that the main requirement for this design is tightness. Otherwise, the ecozone will not last long, since the flora will not withstand either drafts or low temperature conditions characteristic of our country in the cold season.
6. After the glazing is ready, lay engineering Communication: exhaust hood, irrigation systems, heating, air conditioning and lighting - natural sunlight is not enough for the life of some types of plants. Phytolamps will be required, as they will create conditions as close as possible to natural environment habitat of exotic flowers, trees and grasses.
But ventilation is not required - the desired effect is achieved by using vents and transoms. Due to the limited number of plants, an irrigation system will also be superfluous. If you have available funds, it is, of course, possible to organize it. This will save you from unnecessary hassle. But you can get by with a watering can - the work will take no more than 5 minutes a day.
A winter garden on the roof requires additional heat only in the cold season. As a rule, it lasts from November to March. And the question immediately arises: which is better, a central or portable air heating system?
The answer to this depends on the area of the winter garden, glazing materials, plant characteristics, etc. The most common option is the organization of a “Warm Floor” system. It can be installed under any floor covering, even parquet. And if necessary, you can turn on the heater as an addition.
If the area allocated for the ecozone is large, it is recommended to create a reservoir on it. It could be decorative lake or a full pool. Since indoors all year round It will be warm - evaporating, the moisture will create the most comfortable environment for the plantings.
If the area of the winter garden on the roof is small, additional humidification of the space will still be required. However, here you can get by with installing a fountain. There is a cheaper option, but only with a glass roof. A metal cylinder is painted dark, water is poured into it, placed in the most illuminated place and a flexible tube is attached to it. It, in turn, must be connected to a hydraulic mechanism for opening the hatch, mounted on a folding transom. As the water in the cylinder heats up, it will “open” the window sash, and when it cools, it will “close” it. This is the trick.
Having prepared the room, you can set up a winter garden on the roof - zone it and plant plants. The florist will tell you how to do this correctly.
The content of the articleGreen roofs with real gardens are no longer a novelty abroad. Moreover, the governments of some countries encourage the creation of green spaces on the roofs of all buildings, both industrial, public and private, without exception, and even financially stimulate this innovation. Large cities have long suffered from an unfavorable environmental situation, suffocating from a lack of oxygen, and roof gardens can solve these problems to some extent.
Greening of flat roofs and roofs with a slight slope is divided into extensive and intensive. A roof garden will be perceived as intensive landscaping, as it involves people, large plants, and equipment for recreation and watering.
Extensive garden– this, nevertheless, is not a garden in the general sense of the word. Such roof landscaping involves the construction of lawns or flower beds with a small layer of soil and a minimum of pedestrian areas. As a rule, plants that do not require special care and can withstand heat and cold are planted in such gardens. Such a garden is not intended as a place for relaxation or entertainment, although it is less expensive than an intensive one.
The high cost of land in cities with high building density does not encourage the construction of many parks and public gardens. Therefore, the question of additional greening of cities in the context of a deteriorating environmental situation arises. A rooftop garden can:
Energy savings on air conditioning are due to the fact that roof gardens create their own microclimate, protecting the roof of the building from overheating. As a result, the temperature in the rooms on the upper floors decreases by 3-4 degrees. And if there are enough roof gardens, this can even reduce the air temperature in a given area of the city.
garden arrangement option
In the same way, in winter, the cost of heating the upper floors is reduced, since the soil layer and enhanced waterproofing all provide additional thermal insulation to the roof. These same factors serve for longer service life of the roof, protecting it from exposure to ultraviolet rays and preventing the waterproofing carpet from freezing in winter.
Making a winter garden on the roof is not an easy task, but it is possible. First of all, you need to know what loads the existing roof can withstand. And if a winter garden is supposed to be built when the house is just being built, then measures must be taken to strengthen the ceiling, foundation and walls. A roof garden, in addition to strengthening the load-bearing capacity of the house’s structures, requires the installation of enhanced waterproofing and a drainage system, since the plants need to be watered and excess water must be removed. In addition, you need to use materials that will not allow the root system of plants to germinate in heat - waterproofing layer, thereby destroying them.
When installing a garden on the roof, if it is in the open air, it is necessary to take care of the safety of people in the garden. For this purpose, a concrete parapet with a height of at least 1.2 m is installed.
A winter garden involves keeping growing plants on the roof of the house all year round. Therefore, they need protection from the cold in winter and maximum sunlight. For this purpose, translucent structures are arranged, which, in addition to sunlight, should ensure the preservation of heat in the winter garden. The design of the clear cover includes a frame, usually made of aluminum, with the inclusion of wood, due to its light weight and resistance to corrosion, as well as a transparent and durable material.
winter garden - a fairy tale in the house
The choice of materials for glazing a winter garden depends on the functions performed by this room. If a certain microclimate is needed for exotic plants, the materials will be the same, if the winter garden serves simply as a place of relaxation and does not require high temperature and humidity, you can limit yourself to simpler materials.
Most often nowadays, monolithic ones are used for arranging winter gardens. Its strength exceeds the strength of glass several times, and the presence in cellular polycarbonate air chambers, serves as good thermal insulation. Polycarbonate lends itself perfectly to bending, cutting, gluing, and drilling. It weighs less than glass, and its light transmittance is slightly inferior to glass.
Any one has a greater load-bearing capacity around the perimeter of the building. Based on this, before arranging a garden on the roof, you need to have an idea of how plants, pedestrian paths, and vegetation will be located on the roof. Large plants or heavy tubs are placed closer to the edge of the roof. The same applies to various equipment for garden maintenance and people's recreation.
It should also be taken into account that the wind force at the height is three times greater than at the bottom, therefore large trees It is best not to grow on roofs. They can be replaced with short ones or with a curved trunk shape. You also need to consider which plants grow well in the sun, and which prefer shade or partial shade, and place them on the roof in accordance with these requirements. Plants moved to the roof find themselves in conditions close to mountainous ones:
All these factors create a reason for installing a good drainage system and drainage and construction protective screens and gratings.
The construction of a roof garden involves a slightly different approach to the thermal and waterproofing system roofing structure. The roof of a house is usually made from reinforced concrete slabs, along which a cement-sand screed is carried out with a slope towards the drainage funnels. Next, a layer of waterproofing is laid and vapor barrier film, designed to protect the heat-insulating material from the penetration of condensate from the ceiling. In places adjacent to walls, parapets, the vapor barrier is raised to a height exceeding the insulation layer, the seams between the film sheets are sealed.
