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Every man should know how to lay tiles in the bathroom on the floor, since doing it yourself is more profitable than turning to craftsmen. When repairs come to the house, every penny counts. So the owners are trying to keep the budget as low as possible. construction work. Therefore, as much as possible of all cases is carried out independently, without calling the master. And yes, you can do almost everything yourself. The main thing is to gain more patience, attention and, of course, study the issue in more detail.
Now ceramic tiles are recognized as the best option for decorating the floor in the bathroom. It is both practical and beautiful at the same time. Such a floor does not require special care, and appearance stays on high level long time. The laying itself can be done on almost any basis. Therefore, it is not surprising that it is so popular in many homes. Also do not forget that the tile must be combined with.
beautiful bathroom floor
The existing floor should be brought to the desired state so that ceramic tiles can be safely laid on it. The whole procedure will have several steps that should be followed one after the other. Similarly, tile laying is carried out on.
Initially, you are required to objectively determine the condition of the floor. Carefully inspect the entire surface and evaluate the quality of its installation. It is necessary to completely remove all old tiles or other material that is available. In the tile version, it is convenient to use tools such as:
Do not forget about safety. Therefore, it is better to wear goggles to protect your eyes. The removal process itself old tiles does not involve any difficulties. The main task is to remove the baseboard from the cement in a circle and provide a flat surface.
Removing old tiles
Now it is necessary to evaluate the degree of horizontalness of the resulting base. On the this stage would need building level, with which it is easy to make horizontal marks on each wall. The marks should be at the same level, so that as a result you can draw an uninterrupted horizontal line around the circle.
After that, it is worth measuring the height from the line to the floor. Of course, ideally, you should get the same length everywhere. This will mean that the floor is absolutely horizontal and nothing needs to be leveled.
If there is an error of 1 - 2 cm, then the following actions await you.
self-leveling floor
Final preparation. At this stage, the entire surface should be completely cleaned, as well as remove all particles that may flake off. Remember to remove oil or other grease stains. Remove dust with a vacuum cleaner. If there are surfaces with pores, then it is better to make a primer.
classic design
It is not enough to know how to lay tiles in the bathroom with your own hands on the floor, it is also important to choose the right one. In addition, you need to choose a styling method, of which there are also many. All this depends on many parameters:
Common methods are as follows.
If the room has big sizes, then you can create a tile pattern. This will significantly change the look of the bathroom as a whole.
Drawing on the bathroom floor
When you are renovating and are planning to lay tiles on the floor, it is important to choose optimal size the tile itself. For example, it is much more efficient to take a small tile if the room is small. For greater budget savings, you will need to calculate the ratio of tile parameters and room parameters.
For example, the width of the room is 300 cm and the length is 300 cm. It is advisable to purchase tiles 30 x 30 cm. In this case, the installation will not bring difficulties and the floor itself will look more beautiful, since the tiles will be even and intact. And there will be no waste. But choosing 33 x 33 cm, you will get a lot of waste and trimmings when laying, which can spoil the overall impression.
The bulk of the tile products are supplied to the market with square section. It can also be in the form of a rectangle with even corners (90 degrees). But the rooms themselves are far from such an ideal form. Corners are rarely so even, and walls often have ledges or deviations. You should not be upset, you just need to correctly make a basting of laying tiles in such a way that:
For convenience, following the above provisions, it is necessary to lay out 1 row longitudinal and 1 row transverse. After that, orient them in the correct square (rectangle) to the wall with doors.
Basting the first rows
In order to correctly orient the longitudinal row, it is required to measure the value from the wall to the row itself (to the beginning and end). The length must match. If there are deviations, then it is worth making an adjustment by shifting the row until parallelism with the wall is achieved.
Having outlined the position of both rows, you can remove the tiles.
This completes the preparation for laying the tiles. It is best to start laying from the opposite edge from the entrance with a whole tile.
Below is detailed instructions how to lay tiles on your own. But before you start, you need to arm yourself with the required tools:
For laying, you can use a ready-made adhesive mass, which you can buy in the construction department of the store (diluted and ready for use) or make such a mass yourself (a dry base is sold). The dry version is quite easy to dilute by following the instructions on the label. It's best to do it in small batches at first.
Technology of laying tiles in one row
Tiles should be laid out as close as possible to those already laid out. It is necessary to align it with respect to the previously laid tiles in a horizontal plane. Use a level to correct the plane in both directions. Also check diagonally to prevent the free corner from bulging. By inserting a cross for the seams, set their straightness.
Crosses for evenness of seams between tiles
Check that at the junction of 4 tiles there is one level and no corner protrudes.
Ideally, after such actions, see everything in general view. To assess the quality of laying and the straightness of the seams from a distance. So it is worth laying out all the available tiles that do not need to be trimmed.
Tile joint assessment
At the very end, you should lay the extreme tiles that adjoin the walls. Most often they will have to be cut in varying degrees. Therefore, it is better to cut and mark all of them before laying, so as not to get lost later. When trimming and basting, be sure not to forget about the thickness of the seams.
Laying edge tiles in the bathroom
After the entire room is completely tiled, you can not do without the final stage of this procedure. It is necessary to grout the joints between the tiles. For the bathroom, you will need to choose a grout with moisture-resistant properties that can easily withstand a huge number of wet and dry cycles. If you choose a different type of grout, then very quickly it will begin to spill out, which will render the entire floor unusable. Because moisture will begin to get under the tile and spoil the base.
Standard grout
In addition to properties, it is important to choose suitable color to harmonize with big picture. Most often, white grout is used. But in some cases, it is selected in such a way that it is not visible.
When all the tiles are laid, and the seams between them are worn, then your bathroom floor is ready.
Gender with ceramic tiles in the bathroom
How to lay tiles on the floor in the bathroom or toilet? Deciding to renovate a bathroom or toilet, everyone is trying to save a little and do construction and repair work with your own hands. This zeal is commendable, but to do repairs in the toilet with your own hands, you need at least minimal experience in how to lay tiles on the floor.
Floor tiles in the bathroom
Laying tiles on the floor in the bathroom and toilet is not difficult due to small area gender. On large planes, the probability of making noticeable errors is high; with small toilet or bathroom rooms, everything is much simpler.
But before you lay the tiles on the floor in the bathroom, you need to familiarize yourself with the technology of laying tiles in order to avoid gross mistakes. After all, if the tile is laid with errors, then only the removal of this coating and the laying of a new one can solve the problem. It is worth noting that the material for laying tiles on the floor in the bathroom is not cheap.
Mistakes made can ruin all the work.
When shopping for tiles, people are more likely to be guided by two factors that influence the final choice - design and price policy. But having decided on the purchase, they do not check the tiles for identity. it gross mistake, which can result in uneven joints between tiles, tiles different size and shades. Before buying, you need to check the dimensions of the tiles. It is better to take several tiles of the same batch from different boxes and compare them with each other. Ceramic material must be the same among themselves along the perimeter, the height of the product.
The bathroom is a place where there should be increased security. Leaving after a shower, a person should not slide on the floor, as on an ice rink. Because glazed tiles are not suitable, it is worth buying non-glazed material. Safety must be paramount, because a fall on a ceramic floor can result in serious injury to a person.
Laying tiles on the bathroom floor requires correct selection mixtures for fixing tiles. With the current choice of material, the need for cement mortar for styling is gone, manufacturers offer good mixes which will facilitate the process of laying tiles on the floor. For the bathroom and toilet, they buy a primer, glue and grout exclusively for floor coverings. The base of the bathroom and toilet is constantly subjected to heavy loads, therefore it is necessary to lay the tiles on an adhesive of increased fixation.
Particular attention is paid to the preparation of the mixture. You can not deviate from the instructions on the packaging of the mixture, the proportions must be strictly observed when preparing the adhesive emulsion. To do this, you need to carefully study all the recommendations of manufacturers. The glue should be homogeneous, without lumps.
How to lay tiles if the original base is uneven? Many try to solve the problem large quantity glue. This is a fatal mistake that guarantees a curved floor with height differences. The fact is that leveling the surface by laying tiles with a large amount of glue will entail landslides of the adhesive base and the likelihood that the tile will simply “float” reaches almost 100%.
Therefore, before laying, attention must be paid to leveling the surface. Correctly laying tiles on the floor in the bathroom is possible only on a well-prepared plane.
Trying to lay tiles without careful measurements is to find all the work to fail. Without a corner, rubber mallet and water, but better laser level laying a flat tiled floor is impossible.
The laid row of tiles must be checked with a level, the defects are leveled with a rubber mallet. Why a rubber mallet and not an ordinary one? ceramic coating it can simply burst or form a chip when using an ordinary hammer, so a rubber hammer should always be at hand.
Leveling tiles with a rubber mallet Can't start laying floor tiles from the middle of the room, the first row should always go from the visible corner of the room. Such a move will provide an aesthetic appearance of the floor, it is better to hide the incised tile under the bathroom or behind the toilet.
How to lay tiles on the floor in the toilet and bathroom yourself? There is nothing complicated about this, you just have to stick to the following points and a beautiful floor and neatly laid tiles are guaranteed:
The adhesive is applied to the floor and to the tiles, with the adhesive on the tile perpendicular to the adhesive on the floor. Apply the emulsion with a special comb spatula.
Here is the floor in the bathroom or toilet ready. We learned how to lay tiles on the bathroom floor. In this process, the main thing is not to rush and apply all your experience and knowledge in practice with responsibility.
Video on how to lay tiles on the floor in the bathroom:
Bathrooms in apartments and cottages are usually tiled, as this material is highly resistant to moisture and temperature changes. Finish them yourself small room does not seem to be particularly difficult. However, laying tiles in the bathroom with your own hands has a number of nuances, non-compliance with which leads to problems. With the right sticker, tiled cladding lasts for many years. But if at finishing works mistakes are made, then it will not last even a couple of months.
After installation tile reliably protects the lined walls, ceiling and floor in the bathroom from moisture. At the same time, such a finish is durable and aesthetically pleasing. Plus, even a novice master is able to put it in the bathroom. This is far from installing plastic windows or forced ventilation where it is recommended to use the services of professional installers.
To independently lay tiles in the bathroom, you will need:
- floor and/or wall tiles;
- tile adhesive;
- grout for seams;
- building level;
- tape measure with a pencil;
- tile cutter;
- plastic crosses for tiles;
- wire cutters and rasp;
- two spatulas (notched metal for glue and rubber for grouting);
- a container for mortar and a drill with a mixing nozzle;
- rubber mallet.
Tile marking
There are several ways to lay tiles - regular (straight), diagonal, offset, modular, etc. But in a typical bathroom, due to its small dimensions, it is best to resort to the easiest option to install with perpendicular seams running parallel to the corners in the room. And to diversify such a layout, tiles can be used in two or three different colors. In contrast, they give interesting visual effects and make the design more harmonious.
Before you start laying tiles in the bathroom, the surfaces for cladding must be prepared. BUT the main problem any bathroom high humidity. Therefore, the walls, floor and ceiling in it under the tile must not only be trimmed, but also protected with waterproofing. The choice of technology for these insulation works depends on the installed plumbing, as well as the material for the manufacture of ceilings and partitions.
Walls must be cleaned and primed
Waterproofing barriers in a bathroom under a tile are made of:
If in the bathroom you need to create a “trough” on the floor under the shower with a tray without sides, then you will have to lay self-adhesive roll materials on bituminous or fiberglass base. If the surfaces under the tiles require leveling, then a coating applied in a thick layer is more suitable. And in other cases, it is easiest to waterproof them by painting with ordinary bitumen mastic.
If it is impossible to remove old paint, make as many serrations as possible to improve the hitch
On the floor, tiles in the bathroom should be laid from the threshold (from the most visible spot) or from the corner opposite the door. Everything should turn out so that closed by plumbing and furniture plots only a whole tile is visible. Elements with cut edges are best removed away, where they will not be so noticeable.
The situation is similar with the walls - at the entrance to the bathroom, the far corner opposite is first striking. Start laying tiles with it.
At the same time, in order not to be mistaken with the number required material in both cases it is recommended to draw a sketch plan to scale. On paper, you need to indicate places with furniture, plumbing fixtures and pipe outlets, as well as approximately “lay out” all the elements of the cladding. This will avoid many mistakes by accurately calculating the required number of tiles and borders.
Features of the layout of tiles in the bathroom
After determining the tile laying pattern, the wall to be lined must be marked under the first row. The first tile in the bathroom must be glued strictly vertically and horizontally in level. The marking process should be given maximum attention. If it is not done correctly, even with minimal errors, then the tiled lining will then go wrong.
If a bath is placed in the bathroom, then the first row is best laid directly on its side or with a small clearance under the decorative border. So the tile and the overall interior will look as harmonious as possible.
Marking walls before laying out
The adhesive mortar for the tiles to be laid should not be kneaded all at once completely on the bathroom, but in a small amount. It should last for approximately square meter lining. Most tile adhesives set within 0.5 to 1 hour. After that, such a solution can only be thrown away, it will no longer be possible to use it for its intended purpose.
The technology of laying tiles in the bathroom looks like this:
It is not necessary to install tiles on the walls in the first row below with the edge on the floor. It is better to first lay the tile at a low height on a support rail specially set up for this. And then, after facing the entire wall surface, glue the remaining gap with whole or trimmed elements, depending on the size of the indent.
Peculiarities vertical laying tiles
For sockets and pipes, holes in the bathroom tile are easiest to drill with a drill bit of the appropriate diameter. But you can also use the usual thin drill, making a few holes in a circle, and then removing the excess with wire cutters.
how to drill a hole in ceramic tiles
When gluing tiles around a countertop or a sink attached to the wall, the most important thing is the correct cutting of ceramics. Slots, chips and other visible flaws are unacceptable here. If errors are made during cutting, the cut part should be replaced. And do not rush to glue it. It is better to measure everything several times and first, without glue, lay the tile with a cut in the intended place.
Also for reliable installation of tiles in the bathroom you will need:
The floor surface for tiling must be even, regardless of the underlying material ( concrete slab, reinforced concrete or wooden floor).
The proportion of the cement component in relation to the sand is 1: 3 (for rooms with high demands wear resistance). If tiling is planned for a cottage or apartment, a ratio of 1:4 is sufficient.
In the event that the masonry is planned in a room with a high level of humidity, it is necessary to ensure the protection of the supporting base with the help of a waterproofing layer.
Before you start laying tiles with your own hands, you need to perform detailed markings as follows:
Thanks to high-quality marking, it is possible to optimize the entire finishing work, to avoid defects in the laying process, as well as the appearance of irregularities on the surface. Treat this item as carefully as possible.
During the day after laying, the seams should not be overwritten. At this point, the adhesive shrinks. If you hurry and wipe the gaps right away, cracks will appear in the material quickly enough.
There are several rules for applying grout after laying tiles:
Residual grouting material can be removed after one hour. Use a cloth or sponge soaked in water for this. Subject to regular wiping (once every 3 hours), the substance will gain maximum stability properties. The recommended number of such exposures is two or three times.
As a rule, four to five days is enough for the composition to dry completely.
Most often this action applied to the extreme rows located near the walls. Trimming tiles is carried out using a grinder, tongs, as well as a glass cutter.
To carry out a neat and accurate cut, you should use a special machine designed for cutting tiles. This device allows you to achieve an accuracy of up to 1 mm.
Based on the specifics of the operation of the bathroom, for its decoration it is necessary to use materials that have maximum resistance to negative impact external factors such as temperature fluctuations, exposure to moisture, frequent treatment with chemical substances. One of them is ceramic tiles, which, thanks to a combination of excellent performance characteristics and accessibility is the best option for finishing the floor surface.
The market segment under consideration is able to offer a wide range of ceramic products, so we will study the most important criteria choice.
Since in this case the tiles on the floor in the bathroom are selected, then the most attention should be paid to:
Despite the apparent simplicity of the design, using a plain square tile, you can create a fairly aesthetic surface that will meet all the necessary requirements.
As for the details color design material, it must be taken into account that bright hues visually increase the space of the room, which is important for its small size. At the same time, if the work is being done for the first time, then you do not need to choose complex patterns of the decorative surface, but you should give preference to plain options.
One of the most significant characteristics floor tiles - surface resistance to water and household chemicals. Therefore, do not trust advertising promises and purchase single-fired flooring with high-quality glaze.
You should also pay attention to the coefficient of slip resistance, indicated on the package by the letter R. The bathroom is one of the most traumatic rooms and this is a fact. Therefore, for safety, choose products labeled R10-R12.
Remember that all tile parameters are indicated on the box in the form of icons. Knowing their meaning, you can easily select the right one.
Tile marking.
Before you start work, you need to decide which method of laying tiles on the floor in the bathroom will be used. The main differences here will be in the position of the tiles relative to each other, as well as the walls of the room. So, we can distinguish:
There are also other laying methods: herringbone, modular, offset, etc. Ceramics are used to form such a pattern. rectangular shape. For beginners, we recommend that you first practice on square tiles medium sizes, from 15x15 to 33x33 mm. Accordingly, further we will talk about laying floor products. the classic way, as the easiest to perform for most beginners.
Among the features of working with ceramic tiles, it is worth mentioning that when laying, the need for it inevitably arises:
This task can be accomplished in several ways. The simplest option is a tile cutter. With it, you can significantly speed up the work, improve the accuracy of the cut. Household models are inexpensive, and their service life is short, an alternative solution is a simple glass cutter. You need to mark the surface, attach a ruler and draw the cutting edge of the tool 1-2 times. Then move the tile to the edge of the table and press sharply, breaking off the unnecessary.
Important! Cutting movements with a glass cutter or tile cutter must be carried out with front side otherwise it may cause some of the glaze to chip off.
Most often, the dimensions of the room require cutting tiles when laying. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate how many integer elements are in a row. Then remove one of them and distribute the resulting amount from the center to the edges. The remaining gaps between the walls and flooring filled with wide tiles. The main idea here is that the piece of ceramic against the wall should be more than half the width of the whole piece. In this case, the surface will look holistic and beautiful.
Proper distribution of tiles.
In order for the laying of floor tiles in the bathroom to be of high quality, the work is carried out in several stages.
The main condition for the successful completion of the work on laying the floor in the bathroom with your own hands is an even, durable, dry and clean base.
To level the surface, a classic screed or self-leveling floors are used. The dry mixture is selected based on the state of the base. With minor irregularities, an industrial self-leveling compound will cope, and with significant flaws, you will have to perform a screed.
To save space under the bathroom may not be tiled. In this case, we recommend purchasing comfortable decorative screens under a PVC or LMDF bath (Metakam, Vitra, Alavann, etc.). Or make it yourself from wall plastic panels, painted plywood or chipboard. This will reduce not only the consumption of tiles, but also total time works, because the bath will not need to be dismantled and taken out. In this case, it is possible to fill the space under the bathtub with a layer of the mixture to the level of the common surface, and after drying, prime and waterproof.
With regard to waterproofing, a water barrier layer must be created over the entire area of the bathroom floor. The market offers a large number of materials, from bituminous mastic to special roll products. When applying a waterproofing agent Special attention should be given to the installation of pipes and plumbing. For the greatest efficiency, you need to arrange “pads” on walls 20-30 cm high.
Advice! If your budget allows, be sure to install electronic system from water leaks. Luckily, there are a lot of them on the market right now. The system consists of a controller, ball valve with an electric drive and floor sensors, which are installed in places of possible leaks. Together with waterproofing, such a system will give an almost complete guarantee against accidents. At the same time, it is very desirable that the floor level in the bathroom be a couple of centimeters lower than the floor level in the corridor, in order to prevent even a minimal amount of water from entering adjacent rooms.
To level the surface, a classic screed can be made or a bulk self-leveling mixture can be used. It is necessary to choose here, based on the state of the main surface. Handles minor imperfections bulk mixture, and in the case of more obvious flaws, you will have to perform a screed.
The evaluation of the evenness of the surface is carried out using a two-meter metal rule for screed. The differences should not exceed 2 mm when using polymer adhesive and 4 mm when working with tile adhesive cement based. Small pits, cavities need to be filled with quick-drying repair mixtures, and cut off the tubercles.
After the surface has dried, it must be primed. This will increase the overall adhesion (adhesion) of the surfaces, which will positively affect the overall strength of the surface.
Before priming, it is necessary to clean the floor from dirt, dust, debris, residues coatings, oil stains, bitumen, soot, glue. If leveling was carried out, then a technological break should be maintained: for a screed - 28 days, for a self-leveling floor - at least 7 days. After this period, the base must be treated with a primer in 1-2 layers. This will increase the adhesion (adhesion) of the materials and improve the surface quality.
The tile must be brought into the room and allowed to acclimatize for 24 hours. It is undesirable to unpack the material immediately.
Prepare the glue. The dry mixture must be mixed with water in accordance with the instructions on the package. It is better to prepare the solution in portions, since its viability is short - from 30 minutes to 1 hour.
It is most advisable to start work from the most “visible” corner, and build the first row along the longest wall. Apply tile adhesive to the base with a trowel and spread it with a notched trowel in a narrow strip in width equal to about 1 row of ceramics. Lay the first tile, taking into account the expansion gap between the wall and the floor (7-10 mm), move it slightly and fix it. After mounting the first two elements between them, insert spacer crosses to obtain even tile joints.
To achieve the highest quality result when laying, you can use special tile leveling systems of Russian or European production.
If the size of the elements is more than 50x50, then the tiles are laid using the double gluing method. That is, the adhesive composition is applied both to the floor and to the wrong side of the ceramics. This approach will ensure reliable fixation of the coating and a long service life.
It is also important to pay attention to the conformity of already glued tiles to a single horizon. For these purposes, when laying, a building level is used, which is applied to several adjacent tiles.
Important! The longer the level is, the more accurate its data will be. The size of the fixture should be enough to compare the level of three neighboring elements.
The main difficulties for beginners usually arise during the laying of the last row. It is extremely rare to use whole elements in such cases, so the tile will need to be cut to the required size. After that, the surface is left until the glue dries. The instructions on the packaging of the composition will help determine how long the tile on the floor dries. As a rule, averaged data is indicated - 3-7 days. The higher the humidity and the lower the temperature, the longer the drying time.
The final stage of work is grouting. For these purposes, various compositions are used: cement, cement-polymer, polymer sealing. Dry mixtures are closed with water and applied with a rubber spatula to the joints. If sealant is used, you will need a skeletal gun, which can be used to quickly and easily fill the seams.
After applying the cement compositions, you need to wait 10-20 minutes and wash off the excess with a damp cellulose sponge. If a whitish coating remains on the surface, it is removed the next day with an acid tile cleaner. Full operation of the floor is possible in 5-7 days after the completion of work.
At this point, the main stages of laying tiles on the bathroom floor can be considered completed. For a person facing such a need for the first time, the task may seem daunting. But if you have basic skills and desire, such work is quite feasible with your own hands. This approach will avoid substantial material costs, and the bathroom itself will become a matter of personal pride.
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