Thousands, and maybe even more, years ago, seabirds separated from the total huge number of birds living on land. Their names are very diverse and depend on belonging to a particular order or family.
There is the following classification of seabirds:
These birds, in comparison with their other counterparts belonging to other groups, are considered long-livers. In general, their life cycle has a slightly shifted time frame. For example, representatives of the marine group pair and breed much later than their associates. Over the entire cycle, they have a smaller number of chicks, but they devote relatively more time to their offspring. Life expectancy is also greatly increased. Seabirds usually nest in numerous colonies. Some of them live permanently in one locality, others can migrate every year over considerable distances, and some even make air travel around the entire Earth.
There are varieties that spend almost their entire life cycle away from the coast, in the endless waters of the oceans. And their brothers settle only on land, setting off to drift on the waves only for the sake of prey. However, in addition to these two opposite types, there is also a third. Its representatives spend part of their time in the coastal zone, and the other - in the waters of the seas and oceans.
As one would expect, the world of birds was not without human intervention. People often used birds as a source of food. And for experienced fishermen and experienced sailors, they served as a guide. Of course, human activity does not go unnoticed, and now many species are on the verge of extinction. Unfortunately, some exist only on the pages of the Red Book.
Specialists who have a wealth of knowledge about the characteristic features of a particular species can easily determine how its representatives eat, how they hunt and in what area they live. Of great importance is the shape and length of the wings. So, representatives of birds, which have a small scope, belong to the species of diving. Whereas birds with long wings most often live in deep ocean areas. For example, the wandering albatross is a bird that travels countless kilometers in the hope of feasting. However, representatives of this species eventually squander their ability to fly long distances. Many of them have already chosen bays or piers where fishing boats often moor.
Everything in nature tends to adapt itself to convenience. Why fly into the endless expanses of water, if food is so available on the shore? Albatross is a bird that even slightly changed the structure of its wings in the process of evolution. Now these beauties often do not use the active flight technique, but have changed to dynamic or inclined soaring. That is, albatrosses simply catch the flow of air masses and maneuver.
Almost all seabirds have webbed feet, which makes it much easier for them to move in the water. But this is not all the advantages of the structure. For example, many petrels have a highly developed sense of smell. Thanks to this, they can accurately determine the location of prey in the vast expanses of the ocean.
All representatives of marine species, except for cormorants and certain varieties of terns, have plumage impregnated with a layer of fat. This water-repellent property provides reliable protection against getting wet, while dense down ensures a constant body temperature even in cold water. The cormorant is a bird that has an advantage over its other relatives, which consists in the special structure of feathers. This allows him not to freeze even if you have to dive a lot and for a long time. A larger specific gravity provides this representative of birds with the possibility of a long stay under water.
Almost all representatives of the seabird family have a plumage color of black, gray or white tones. However, there are birds that have brighter and more colorful colors. For example, a penguin is a bird, some species of which are owners of multi-colored plumage in the neck and chest. Color is very important in the wild. Its main function is camouflage, that is, the ability to merge with the color scheme of a certain area. This allows not only birds, but all animals to hide from the attack of a predator or not to give themselves away while hunting for prey.
The penguin is the bird that scientists believe is the most socialized. Their colonies have a huge number of individuals. They spend most of their life cycle in water. Penguins go on land only to conceive and raise offspring. The peculiarities of their structure allow these representatives of the feathered family to survive in conditions of extremely low temperatures. Dense straight plumage creates a powerful barrier to the cold.
Heavy bones and wings that act as fins make penguins frisky swimmers, able to dive very deep. The streamlined shape of the body helps them perfectly cut through the expanses of water, and in case of danger - deftly get away from the predator. Their feathers do not get wet and effectively retain heat due to the constant treatment with fat secreted by the gland in the tail area. All species except the emperor penguin nest. They settle in the rocks, preparing a place for future offspring from stones and earthy breasts. Those who do not need nests place the eggs under the skin sac. There is also a chick for the first time after birth. In a pair, the female and male take turns incubating the egg.
Another waterfowl is the seagull. It feeds mainly on small fish. It obtains food in various ways: catching on the surface, diving from the air to a certain depth, hunting under water with pursuit, and does not disdain representatives of higher vertebrates.
The first principle is explained by the presence of various water currents, which often contribute to pushing the small inhabitants of the seas and oceans to shallow depths. This is what the birds are waiting for, being on the surface. They just need to dip their heads into the water, as the prey is in the beak. The second type of food production is used by typhoons, frigates and storm petrels. They deftly soar above the sea surface, making an instant dive into the water and picking up food on the go. Most of them have a hard time taking off if they land on the water surface. Some gulls, including petrels, on the contrary, hunt afloat. Although the previous type of hunting is by no means alien to them. Sooty albatrosses, slender-billed petrels and many other seabirds can dive to depths of up to 70 m in pursuit of prey. Of particular importance is the structure of the beak. So, many albatrosses have lamellar outgrowths around the perimeter, which allows them to filter and retain plankton from the water. Phaetons, boobies, terns and pelicans dive into the waves directly from a height. They often work in tandem with other ocean dwellers.
Since water must have a maximum degree of transparency for effective viewing from the air, hunting in the wild does not always occur according to the intended principle. When visibility is limited, members of this species look for concentrations of dolphins as well as tuna. When swimming, they help push schools of fish to a shallow depth from the surface, where they are caught by pelicans and the like.
Settlements of bird colonies are found in tropical latitudes, for example, in the Pacific Islands. Christmas, outside the Arctic Circle - in Antarctica. Albatrosses breed in small numbers, while guillemots and guillemots hold the record for colony density.
The northern seabird is a frequenter of numerous traditional bird bazaars. Hatchet and guillemot are considered the champions among those who are able to gather in such a densely populated area. Thanks to their short wings, they are excellently immersed in water, providing themselves with food. These representatives can be called the most adapted to sea waters. Their chicks, which are not yet able to fly, fall out of their nests in the rocky terrain right into the waves.
This is where they feed and grow. Many at the same time, of course, die, breaking on the rocky terrain. When cold weather approaches, all the inhabitants of the colonies fly away into the endless expanses of water. Some of the seabirds are migratory. They wait out the cold in warmer regions, then return home. Others are nomadic. Many seabirds fly long distances, sometimes changing latitude, and can only return to their birthplace in a circle. Sometimes the entire life cycle is not enough for such a route.
Seabirds, like many other inhabitants of the waters, often become victims of environmental disasters or poaching. The number of birds largely depends on human actions.
First letter "g"
Second letter "l"
The third letter is "u"
Last beech letter "sh"
Answer for the clue "Sea bird with a stupid name", 6 letters:
silly you
Another foolish child
colonial bird
Sea bird, petrel
foolish kid
Another foolish child
silly
petrel relative
Wikipedia
The meaning of the word in the Wikipedia dictionary
The fulmar is a species of bird from the petrel family. It got its name for its gullibility, the silly is almost not afraid of a person.
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.
The meaning of the word in the dictionary Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.
-a, m. (colloquial). Another foolish child (affectionately).
New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.
The meaning of the word in the dictionary New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.
m. Unreasonable, naive child (with a hint of affectionate condescension). trans. A ruthless, simple-minded person. m. Northern sea waterfowl of the petrel family.
Albatrosses circled around fools, and small windbreakers flew, as if gliding, over the waves.
Above the surf line, phalaropes, soro-tea, wingless auks scurry about, fools and petrels, lesser storm petrels, grebes and great grebes.
The feeling of the instability of the earth's firmament under the hooves vaguely stirred in the horse's faded memory those old summer days, that wet unsteady meadow in the mountains, that amazing and incredible world in which the sun neighed and galloped over the mountains, and he, silly you, set off in pursuit of the sun through the meadow, through the river, through the bushes, until the stallion with angrily flattened ears caught up with him and turned back.
Yesterday morning they shot two hundred fools and the arborist asked for more.
Kittiwakes lodged on higher ledges and fools, and at the very top lived clown-like puffins.
Most birds associated with the sea fall into one of the following two categories. Water birds, such as gerbils, mainly feed at the water's edge. Seabirds, including gannets, arrive on land only during the nesting season.
Very few gulls have pure white plumage. Most have gray back feathers or black wing feathers, and some species, including the sooty gull and Heermann's gull of western North America, are all dark. And yet, from a distance, many adult gulls do appear white. There are times when light coloration helps to camouflage (for example, a white gull in the Far North), more often it serves the exact opposite purpose, making the bird no less, but more noticeable. White gulls in the sea are visible far enough, and when some find food, others, seeing this, flock to them to also eat. The white plumage of boobies may also have a similar function.
Long, strong, flattened laterally, like a chisel, the beak of the oystercatcher is perfectly adapted for opening the shells of bivalve mollusks, as well as for picking barnacles and limpets from stones. With their strong beaks, these birds easily deal with sea urchins and crabs, and in England they often feed far from water - insects and worms.
A oystercatcher who wants to eat oysters must wait until the tide is out so that the oyster jars are exposed. When oysters open their shells, the bird sticks its beak between the shells and, using it as a lever, breaks the muscle that closes the shell. After that, it remains only to extract the tender meat.
Oystercatchers are not the only semiaquatic birds that forage in non-standard ways. In Antarctica, shorebirds steal eggs and chicks from penguins. Elsewhere, turnstones turn over stones in search of small animals.
The water cutter, or knife-beak, flies above the wave itself and, as it were, cuts off the top layer of water. With his amazing beak, he literally removes food from the surface, just like a spoon removes cream from milk. No other bird can do it anymore, because no other bird has such a beak.
The lower jaw, mandible, at the water cutter is much longer than the upper jaw, upper beak, one part fits tightly into the other. By placing a flexible, sensitive mandible at an angle, the bird cuts through the water, and when it stumbles upon a small fish or crustacean, the beak immediately slams shut.
During feeding water cutters make sounds similar to shrill barking. These birds are active at dawn and in the evening, and feed mainly at night. as their victims rise to the surface of the sea. During the day they rest, sitting in groups on the sandy shore. Close relatives of terns, water cutters, as a rule, nest on coastal islands. Different species of these birds are especially numerous in the tropical regions of Asia and Africa.
Cormorants - birds related to pelicans, with a long neck and long beak, feed on fish. They swim and dive well, but their feathers, which are not greased enough, quickly get wet. To dry off, they sit on rocks, buoys or breakwaters and spread their wings. Of the more than 30 species of cormorants, some are found only along the shores of the seas, others - near freshwater reservoirs, and still others - both here and there. One species, the Galapagos cormorant, does not fly.
Gannets, representatives of the order Copepods, which are sometimes called sea geese, do indeed resemble real geese a bit in size and shape. Like these birds, gannets have short legs that are pushed towards the back of their heavy, streamlined bodies. Due to this arrangement of legs and large webbed feet, the gannet can develop great speed in water and dive to a depth of almost 30 m. But on land, short legs with wide paws, set far back, create inconvenience: when walking, gannets roll over and sway back and forth.
Another thing in flight. On wide, up to 2 m wingspan, boobies fly quickly and beautifully. Noticing a school of fish, the bird falls like a stone into the water, sometimes from a height of 30 m above the sea surface. As a rule, gannets fly in flocks, and therefore, when one bird dives for fish, others immediately follow it. Usually, diving from a height, the bird goes into the water too deep, but quickly rises to grab the prey. After swallowing a fish underwater, the gannet floats to the surface and takes off.
Countless millions of seabirds, such as gannets and fulmars, gather annually on coastal cliffs to build nests and raise chicks. In these huge bird colonies there is a deafening noise created by piercing cries, squeaks, screams, as well as the rustle and whistle of countless wings. For centuries, seabirds have flocked to nesting sites such as Bonaventure Island off the east coast of Canada, Skomer off Wales and St Kilda off the coast of Scotland. Birds building nests for the first time find their way back to where they were born, sometimes after several years at sea. The older ones return to places where they built nests and found enough food in previous years.
Birds of ten or more species can nest on the coastal cliff, and each species has its own level. This natural distribution has evolved over time, and it minimizes competition for a nest site. Gannets, as a rule, settle on the very edge of the cliff. Narrow cornices are filled with kittiwakes, razors, fulmars and guillemots. Seagulls and petrels nest on the top of the cliff, cormorants and guillemots nest at the base.
As in many other habitats, different species are distributed into zones, and, as everywhere, there are exceptions to this rule. If the gannet does not find a suitable place on the top of the rock, it takes a wide, flat ledge lower. If all the eaves are occupied, kittiwakes can settle at the top.
Territorial disputes arise mainly between members of the same species that choose the same places for nests. Although the nests may appear to be randomly placed, they are always built so that the distance from the center of one nest to the center of another is at least 75 cm.
Gerbils fish for food near the shore. Like many other near-water birds, they change their plumage to a brighter one for the mating season. Shown here is a bird in winter plumage.
Pink terns with their long tail feathers are one of the most graceful birds. Terns and their close relatives, gulls, are considered semiaquatic birds.
Dunlins at high tide fly along the shore in huge flocks that look like clouds of smoke. In winter and during migration, these tundra nesting birds often visit coastal areas, especially low muddy shores.
Fulmars look like seagulls, but their tube-like nostrils betray their relationship to albatrosses. These seabirds nest on steep cliffs in the North.
Gannets can often be spotted from the shore when they dive steeply into the water with their wings folded. These fish-eating birds, like many other sea birds, are entirely white. The northern gannet, like its closest relative, the red-footed booby, has large webbed feet and featherless areas of skin on the front of the head. When diving, gannets close their nostrils tightly.
