How high should the basement of the house be and what does this indicator affect? How to determine the optimal plinth height for wooden house?
Many owners, when building a house with their own hands, doubt whether it is worth paying attention to the height of the basement. Some even believe that it is enough to simply raise the base to ground level, after which walls can be erected.
In reality, this is not enough. It should be understood that, to prevent the occurrence of capillary processes in them. The fact is that the humidity of the lower part of the house and the upper one can vary significantly due to the proximity of groundwater, snow melt and many other factors.
As a result, low-lying walls made of wood or porous materials will get wet, which will not only worsen their thermal insulation qualities, but also reduce the life of the entire structure. The high base of the house will just prevent this process.
The optimal height of the basement of a residential building is 35-40 cm. For wooden buildings, it is better to make it higher - 50 - 90 cm. For buildings with basement floors, this value can reach two meters.
Determining the height, it is necessary to take into account climatic conditions, such as the average temperature level during the heating season, the amount of snow, etc.
Now let's look at all the functions that the above-ground part of the base of the house performs in order to understand what role its height plays:
Note!
The height of the plinth of a wooden house is especially important, since rotting of the lower crown is an eternal problem for houses made of logs and timber.
Therefore, it is necessary to build a foundation from damp-resistant materials.
The only drawback of a high base is that the cost of construction increases. Therefore, many developers, for reasons of economy, are trying to reduce it. However, such savings are not justified.
Depending on the type of foundation, the methods of erecting the basement may vary.
Consider its device on two types of base:
In the first case, the following types of base are usually made:
As a rule, the greatest difficulty in construction is the construction of a basement on a pile foundation. Its height is determined by the above-ground part of the piles.
According to the type of device, such a base is of two types:
The easiest and cheapest way is to make the foundation of the first type. It is based on a crate, which is attached to piles around the perimeter of the building. It can be made from wooden beams or metal elements. Further, the crate is sheathed with facing material, for example,.
Note!
The height of the columnar foundation must be at least 20 cm in order to prevent the possible impact of heaving soil on the building.
The second type of foundation is more difficult to manufacture and costly. Its principle is to arrange a strip foundation around the perimeter of the room, on top of which masonry is performed. The advantages of this design include the fact that it insulates the structure much better.
In the photo - a plinth sheathed with siding
Despite the fact that the high plinth itself performs a protective function, in order to make the structure more durable, it is necessary to finish it. This will prevent negative impact atmospheric precipitation and, moreover, will make the structure more beautiful. As an example, consider facing basement siding as the most popular material.
Brief installation instructions are as follows:
Advice!
To insulate the building, heat-insulating material can be laid under the cladding.
Now the lower part of the house is not afraid of any precipitation and other atmospheric phenomena.
From all of the above, it follows that the higher the base, the less problems there will be in the future with heat leakage and the safety of the walls of the house. However, the height must be reasonable, as it increases the cost of the building. At the same time, it is necessary to take care of protecting the base itself by finishing it with reliable material.
For more information on this topic, see the video in this article.
Construction concrete foundations in Moscow, the region and throughout the country begins with a detailed and technically correct calculation of all the nuances and features. To establish the basic characteristics of the base of the cottage, the design of the cottage, the features of the relief and the state of the soil, and the meteorological situation in each particular region are taken into account. All these subtleties are needed to calculate the height of the foundation in its above-ground part - the structural element on which many are trying to save.
InnovaStroy specialists, based on the requirements of GOST and SNiP, create such structural elements, which, on the one hand, will save the developer's money, and on the other hand, will ensure the safety of the building, its load-bearing structures and finishes, no matter what materials they are made of.
As you know, the foundation of any cottage is buried in the ground at a certain distance, depending on the design features of the building, design loads, characteristics of the soil base and the location of groundwater. Naturally, the underground part of the foundation can be the most different depth, up to 1.2 meters with no space involved. With the creation of a basement or an equipped basement, this depth can reach 3 meters. By itself, the question arises about that part of the base that protrudes above ground level - that is, above the zero height mark. Many believe that this part can be neglected and save significant money on more than one cubic meter of monolith or brick.
In fact, those few tens of centimeters separating the surface of the earth from the beginning bearing walls, are designed to provide increased protection of the entire structure from adverse external influences. The height of the foundation above the zero mark is determined at the design stage by our architects and designers. This part of the foundation of the building is processed in the same way as all other elements - waterproofing, insulation, decorative outer skin. But in addition to aesthetic beauty, the basement distance also carries a functional load, which we do not recommend discounting if you want your country mansion to stand for a very long time and not require repairs.
The distance from the ground to the lower edge of the load-bearing walls and exterior finish is designed to provide several protective functions at once, for which it is actually created by architects and designers. Below we will describe the main functions of the basement, without taking into account the option with a full basement floor, since in this case, according to GOST, more than 1 meter of distance from the ground to the first floor is required. So, the main functions of the above-ground part of the foundation:
This issue is very relevant, since most of the protective processes are not visible during operation, and all the benefits appear only in the long term. Based on this, many developers are trying to save on this design and exclude it from construction and estimate documentation.
However, many generations of builders and architects have repeatedly tested different variants structures country cottage, which led, as a result, to the widespread use of the above-ground basement distance in the construction of all houses. For each type of building material from which the cottage will be built, there are specific requirements for how high the foundation should be above ground level, which must be taken into account by designers.
The most common parameter is in the range from 30 to 50 centimeters - which optimally provides protection for a house built in middle lane Russia. If the maximum level of snowfall reaches 20 centimeters, then the distance can be increased.
It is also worth considering the fact that about 10 centimeters of this height will be occupied by a blind area with surface finishing material - so you will have to increase the distance to the ground. Naturally, there are cases when 20 centimeters of the height of the above-ground part of the foundation is enough - this is in those areas where the soils are not heaving and the maximum snowfall does not exceed 5 centimeters - in the south of our country.
It is impossible to ignore the fact that during the construction country house the height between the ground and the base of the walls is used to give the structure originality and unique style- for example, the device of terraces is made below the floor level with the device of wide steps, or the platform can be arranged on piles, which will give the house charm and light sophistication. input block also acquires several steps with railings and a veranda, which also affects the image of your country residence. Perhaps the height of the above-ground part of the foundation is that rare case in architecture when the purely functional details of the house could be turned into its highlight and unusual decorative element. There are even cases when the basement part is made protruding, in the form of an old "fill" - there are no restrictions on design and engineering thought, as long as this part of the foundation regularly performs its main functions of protecting the house.
Based on the main material from which the supporting structure of the building will be created, the parameters of the distance from the zero mark are also selected. For example, the height of a strip foundation with a shallow occurrence is almost always equal to its underground part - that is, about 50-60 centimeters. However, there is no significant difference where strip foundation in the Moscow region will fit, as the approximate profile of the soil layer is the same for the entire central region and most of the surrounding areas of the country. By type of construction, you can provide approximate indicators for the distance from the edge of the wall to the ground zero:
This question arises most often, since in the strip base there is a rather small surface area of \u200b\u200bthe foundation, which can be increased using various building materials. In the pile and screw version of the foundation, the technology itself provides for at least 20 centimeters from the extreme point of the earth to the bottom of the grillage piping. Since a monolithic foundation slab, the price of which is already quite high, requires uniform pouring to a certain height, it is best to consult with the specialists of our company on how to simplify the design of the basement and reduce the financial costs of creating a slab foundation. It is possible that the building design will allow you to create contour build-up of the basement with a brick, and fill the interior with a more accessible floor screed. In any case, professional help never hurts when creating a reliable and durable foundation.
An exclusively trained InnovaStroy specialist will be able to determine exactly what height of the foundation will be sufficient for your particular cottage. More than 7 years of practice and our own developments in the field of suburban construction allow us to provide each customer with objective and reasonable data on all the nuances of building a foundation for a cottage not only in Moscow, but throughout Russia. Use the services of professionals to prevent premature and unforeseen costs for the repair and restoration of the load-bearing parts of the cottage.
The height of the basement of a country house above the ground can be very different. It is influenced by several factors at once, ranging from the type of foundation to the depth of groundwater. Many homeowners who build on their own do not pay due attention to the issue of the height of the basement of the building, because they are sure that it is enough to make the base slightly elevated above the ground in order to continue construction work.
However, this is not enough. You need to understand that the basement is the above-ground part of the foundation of the house. The higher it is from the surface, the more difficult it is for moisture from the ground to penetrate into the living quarters. The walls of the basement must be separated from the walls of the first floor with a waterproofing layer. This is done so that moisture that could penetrate the base material does not penetrate through the capillaries into the wall material. Humidity level in different parts houses can vary significantly, and this must be taken into account when building.
If the walls of the building are too low, the structure and the main building materials will constantly get wet, their thermal insulation properties will deteriorate, and internal destructive processes will begin to occur. Gradually, these processes lead to the complete destruction of building materials from the inside. As a result, the life of the structure is significantly reduced, and the owners sometimes cannot determine why this is happening. And the answer is simple - the insufficient height of the base above the ground.
In normal country house the base should rise above the ground by about 30-40 cm. If the building is built of wood, then it is better to take a larger height (about 60-80 cm). If the country house provides for the presence of an underground floor, then the height indicators can reach 1.5-2 meters.
When determining the height of the plinth, it is necessary to take into account weather on the ground: temperature indoors and outdoors in winter, snow level, abundance of precipitation, the likelihood of flooding, groundwater level. It is quite difficult for a non-professional to take into account all these factors. Therefore, even if you are building a house yourself, it is best to turn to specialists for the correct calculations. One-time insignificant costs at this stage will help to avoid further serious financial losses for repairs and re-equipment of the structure.
Typical dimensions and scheme of the device of the tape monolithic base.
To clearly understand what is the meaning of a certain height of the basement, it is necessary to consider several main functions performed by this part of the building:
Specialists Special attention it is recommended to give the height of the base in wooden buildings, because when rotting lower rims becomes very difficult to carry out any repair work. That is why developers are striving to reduce the likelihood of wood rotting by increasing the height of the base. But at self construction the owners often, on the contrary, reduce the height of the basement, trying to make the exterior of the house more aesthetic. Thus, they make a serious mistake.
The main disadvantage of a high base can be called the fact that with its increase, the cost of conducting construction works.
Plinth construction methods will vary depending on the type of building foundation. In our country, either a tape or pile foundation is most often used. Also very popular is the monolithic foundation.
Plinth made of brickwork.
If a strip foundation was erected, then the base can be made in two solutions:
When using a pile foundation above the ground, it is accompanied by some difficulties. The height and thickness of the base in this case is determined depending on the ground part of the piles. The basement with a pile foundation can be hinged or made on a strip foundation.
Home decoration with siding.
The principles of finishing in this case are as follows:
Naturally, the basement of the building can be finished with any other modern or traditional facing materials. The main thing in this case is to ensure the protection of construction materials from moisture and cold air. In addition, attention must be paid to the blind area and drainage system Location on. With their help, it will be possible to exclude flooding of the underground premises of the house, as well as the effect of moisture on structures.
From everything that has been said above, we can conclude that security will depend on the height of the base interior spaces country house and building materials used for its construction. At the same time, it is necessary to determine the height with intelligence and calculation, because with each centimeter of the above-ground part, the cost of construction work will increase. In addition, special attention should be paid to protecting the basement of the building from the cold by placing a high-quality heat-insulating layer in the space between the wall and the finishing materials.
The higher the base, the better if the material for building a house is subject to biological attack and moisture. We are, of course, talking about wood. When erecting wooden houses it is best to make the most reliable plinth with effective waterproofing and heat-insulating layers.
If you are having difficulty calculating the height of the basement of your country house, then you should seek help from specialists. Of course, this type of assistance is not free, however, it is better to incur costs at this stage of construction than to spend money on home repairs in the future.
The plinth is the outer wall of the foundation, on which the facade rests. At the same time, this is the upper part of the basement walls, if it exists. The height of the basement depends on the type of foundation, the overall design of the house, the nature of the soil, and the purpose of the basement. There are certain building regulations in this regard.
Some homeowners believe that if there is no basement, then the basement is useless, you can make the foundation flush with the ground.
house design without basement
This is mistake. The main task of the base is to isolate the facade from contact with the ground. And so that soil water does not rise from the ground along the concrete in a capillary way, a layer of roofing material is laid between the facade and basement walls.
Base scheme
The plinth must be high enough, regardless of the materials of the facade: wood, foam and cinder concrete, bricks equally suffer from water.
In addition to protecting the walls of the house from destruction, the plinth also solves other problems:
When designing a plinth, climate must be taken into account ( average temperature in cold weather), the average annual precipitation. You can determine the minimum basement height for your site empirically: measure the depth of the snow cover for several winters and add 10 cm of margin to the average value.
note
Minimum Height basement above the ground according to SNiP for the southern regions - 20 cm (preferably 30-40). If the house is wooden, the distance from the ground is preferably from 50 to 90. If there is a basement, the recommended basement height can reach 2 meters.
A high plinth is more expensive than a low plinth due to the increase in the amount of work on concreting. But in the calculations, savings are in second place, in the first place are strength and performance, which largely depend on the material of the facade.
The height of the plinth is also affected by its position relative to the facade wall. There are three options:
The advantages of the third option are increased thermal insulation characteristics (a necessary property when installing an operated basement). In all other cases, the first option is preferable: the overhanging facade wall reliably protects the base from atmospheric factors and mechanical damage. Obviously, the height of the sinking base should be minimal, because. as it increases, the degree of protection decreases.
There are design differences for plinths on low foundations (strip, pile-strip, slab) and elevated (pile, column). In the first case, no air gaps between the ground and the ceiling of the first floor does not exist, the internal space is completely closed with a concrete or brick strip - either the upper part of the strip foundation, or an add-on along the perimeter of the slab. In the second case, a gap remains between the ground and the ceiling, the height of which is determined by the height of the above-ground part of the pillars or piles.
basement at the house with a pile foundation
The choice of the type of foundation depends on the characteristics of the soil, topography, and the mass of the building. This issue is resolved at the design stage of the house.
With a low foundation, the basement can be monolithic or prefabricated - from blocks, bricks. The second option involves less protection of the base from harmful factors.
brick basement scheme on a strip foundation
Is given increased attention exterior finish, not so much for aesthetic as for protective reasons. In any case, a blind area is performed (at least to divert atmospheric water from the base), and with a high occurrence of groundwater, a drainage system. Max Height such a plinth is limited mainly by economic considerations.
The pile foundation can be low (the grillage lies directly on the ground) or elevated. Columnar, usually elevated. Since it is considered the most unstable, the height must be at least 20 centimeters (to compensate for heaving of the soil). To ensure sufficient thermal insulation inner space houses, the gaps between the pillars / piles are laid with bricks, covered with asbestos-cement slabs or wooden / plywood shields.
an example of basement insulation and piping of a pile-screw foundation
example of internal insulation of the basement of a pile foundation
example of basement insulation outside the pile foundation
example of finishing the plinth of a pile foundation
The maximum height of such a plinth is structurally limited: the above-ground bearing part cannot be too high.
All of the above does not depend on the presence of an operated basement. The basement floor is an important decision in terms of rational space planning in the house and on the site. Suitable for solving almost any problem: if desired, here you can equip not only a cellar or boiler room, but also a study, home theater, bedroom. Even taking into account the additional costs of the foundation, the high height of the plinth for one-story house will cost less than the device of the second floor.
note
The total height of the basement (according to SNiP) is at least 2.5 meters. More.
Characteristics of the floor according to the standards:
The height of the basement floor of your house will also depend on the purpose of the basement. If you are planning to make a bedroom or a room for a comfortable stay, it is better to be guided by the maximum value; when arranging a utility compartment at ceiling height, you can save (within reasonable limits).
The base is the bottom outer wall building, which is erected on the ground and plays the role of a barrier between the wall and the destructive effects of atmospheric phenomena. A building without a basement is at risk from mold and rot and is less able to retain heat inside during the cold season. The main condition for a brick base on a strip foundation is high strength. Its structure must withstand the entire mass of the walls of the building. High-quality materials with a high level of resistance to frost, moisture and pressure strength will help to achieve the required indicator.
To date, there are three options for the basement, which are used in the construction of residential premises:
The dimensions of the basement directly depend on the material from which the walls of the building will be built. This information is always included in general plan and project drawing. With walls made of foam block (which is sometimes also called gas silicate brick) with a long surface of 60 cm, a width of 30 cm and a height of 20 cm, the masonry must have a thickness of at least 30 cm.
If further construction involves the equipment of an additional insulating layer on top of the walls, then the basement width should ideally be 38 cm. However, in the case when the brick is used as decorative element, built on top of the walls of foam concrete blocks, the thickness of the base increases by another 22 cm, after which it will be at least 60 cm.
Until now, the masters of the construction business do not have an unambiguous answer to the question of what should be the height of the basement. As the level at which the upper point of the masonry should be, it is best to take the height of the precipitation that has fallen over the past few years. This masonry technology is the most reliable and guarantees a long service life for a future building erected on a brick strip foundation.
But in practice, the most common basement masonry with a height equal to the floor of the first floor in the building. This technique also applies to buildings with a basement. Fashion and style trends in our time imply the presence of a high and massive plinth in the house, which are able to highlight the living space, giving it elegance and elegance.
We remind you that all work on the organization of the basement is carried out on the erected tape base.
One of the most important rules in the construction of not only the base, but any building in general, can be considered the correct definition of the corners of the structure. Negligence in this matter will certainly lead to a curvature of the surface of the walls, which will ultimately lead to their partial or even complete bearing capacity.
Several technologies are used to correctly set the corners, but the following technique is considered the simplest:
To ensure reliable protection basement masonry from groundwater, care should be taken to organize the upper part of the foundation with an insulating layer, the functions of which can be performed by roofing material folded in half. It is glued to the surface of the base using bituminous mastic, a burner or heated bitumen. Also, glass isol, euroroofing material or an improved type of roofing material, which is based on cardboard - rubemast, is used as a waterproofing layer.
Having provided the surface of the foundation with a waterproofing layer, you can start laying a brick basement. For fastening the bars, a solution of cement, sand and water is used. When building a basement, only red brick is used without holes and cavities.
They start laying out the base from the corners, placing the rows opposite each other, and covering the surface of the material with a solution 2-2.5 cm thick. After laying out several rows, the surface is checked with a level.
Having reached the minimum height of the base, which is 4 rows of standard bricks, you can begin to build walls. Trim the surface of the base decorative stone or siding. It is not uncommon to resort to decorating the basement with finishing tiles. With the help of a basement coating, the strip foundation is leveled with a brick.
If there is a basement floor in the room, holes in the basement for ventilation should be provided. They are located at a height of 10-15 cm from the soil. Dimensions depend on the diameter of the vent pipe. From above, the plinth is covered with a waterproofing layer, the same as the surface of the foundation was covered earlier.
The basement can be a useful room
In the distribution of costs for building a house, the foundation can take up to 30% - 40%, so if you want to save on this part, the minimum height of the base must still be observed, as necessary condition long life of the building. The elevation of the support structure above the ground performs a series important functions, and it is provided in all types of foundations. A properly made plinth fulfills its tasks, regardless of whether a basement, a cellar is built in it, or it is just pillars sheathed with siding for an easy outbuilding.
To the height of the basement above ground level during self-construction own house often pay less attention than the depth of the foundation. It is not standardized so strictly and is not described in the requirements of GOSTs in such detail.
In the foundation, this part, in addition to transferring the load down to the support, performs 2 tasks of its own:
An obstacle to the capillary rise of moisture along materials (concrete, brick, wood) is provided by laying waterproofing along the upper plane of the base. The height to which the basement wall is raised protects against water falling on outer surface buildings in the form of secondary drops, contacting snow cover, soil and debris deposits, as shown in this figure:
A clear answer to the question of why it is necessary to observe the minimum required height of the base above the blind area near the walls of the house is shown by a practical example of a specialist in this video:
Regardless of, cottage or has several tiers, wooden or brick, the plinth is combined into a single whole with the underground part of the foundation with a heat-insulating and waterproofing coating.
The lifting height above the ground is calculated taking into account the protection of the internal structures of the first floor floor, as shown in this drawing:
In this example, the plinth is raised above the zero mark by 0.6 m, since 0.2 m is the thickness of the floor slab. The second component of 0.4 m may be due to the thickness of the snow cover, characteristic of the area and the size of the air, which are located 0.1 m above the snow.
Concrete strip built on with bricks
Monolithic strip foundations to maintain the desired height, they are often made in a combined (according to materials) version. To do this, the above-ground part of the tape with the products is laid out of red burnt brick, as in this photo:
At the same time, one should not unnecessarily arrange a high base (with a margin), as the cost of base insulation increases. Depending on the type constructive solution heat loss from the surface of the protruding base reaches from 10% to 15%. In the case of a high non-insulated basement made of concrete, brick, rubble stone, this value can grow up to 40%.
AT design solutions light or medium weight houses, the basement is usually a continuation of an underground support made of the same material. The minimum height above the ground, permitted by SNiP, is 0.2 m. Support belts with a size of 0.4 - 0.7 m work practically effectively. The insulated blind area along the perimeter of the building allows reducing material consumption by reducing the overall height of the foundation.
One of the parameters that determines the depth of the foundation is the depth of freezing of the earth in a given climatic region. The indicator is given in the following reference table:
The total size of the support (tape, pile, pole) in height in the project will be 0.5 m more (standard requirement).
Minimum plinth
To accept a smaller depth of support at home, allows the option of local insulation, mounted under a concrete pavement around the building.
With the appropriate thickness of the insulation, the absence in the construction project basements in most areas, in order to obtain a stable capital support for the cottage, you can limit yourself to pouring the MZLF with manual digging of trenches and installing low formwork, as in the following photo:
The concrete blind area protects against the penetration of water from the surface of the earth to the foundation materials, but it is necessary to provide an effective barrier against moisture flowing down the wall down to the plinth when it rains. It will depend on the selected type of wall and base mate:
To understand the need for this measure (protection from water from the walls and its removal along the blind area to the drainage), you can calculate the average number of flowing liters in your area: the average rainfall × wall area × 30%.
If desired, it is possible to arrange a cellar or a large basement in the underground space of the foundation, if the result of the conducted surveys of the engineering and geological characteristics of the construction site allows.
For specific building conditions, you can calculate how to equip utility room even for a private house standing on screw piles, support in the form of a slab, flooded soils or flood rises of groundwater to a mark of less than 2 m from ground level.
SNiP 31-01-2003 of the Russian Federation considers the basement to be a room below ground level at a depth not exceeding 1/2 of its height. The height of the above-ground part cannot exceed 2 m.
Structurally, the device of such a foundation with a basement level differs little from the usual deepening.
The base of the concrete slab view is poured to the calculated depth and walls are erected on it. The tape base is made monolithic or from foundation blocks, its deaf underground part evenly passes into the basement wall with windows and air vents.
Monolithic plinth on a slope
An example of installing a monolithic first floor on a slab is visible in the photo:
The characteristics of materials for such construction will depend on the characteristics of the soil and climate in a particular area. On dry, stable soils, hollow blocks with a low mass can be taken. Their main advantage is low thermal conductivity, which reduces heating costs during the construction of an operated basement level.
To get a useful room for various needs without increasing the area allotted for the construction of a private house, allows the foundation with a technical room, a cellar or a garage, laid down in the terms of the assignment at the stage of drafting the project.
If accommodation in the basement useful rooms provided even before the start of construction work, it is possible to obtain a tangible effect from the invested costs. But when the building has already been commissioned and is in operation, the need to maintain the stability and bearing capacity of the finished foundation imposes significant restrictions on the possible layout of the basement space and technological operations for its equipment.
Before starting the construction of any building structure, it is necessary to develop a competent and detailed project of the future structure.
Its mandatory component will be data relating to the characteristics of the base.
The project should contain information about the depth of the underground part, the overall dimensions of the sole, and the materials used.
The height of the foundation above ground level is also an important parameter. Many developers are trying to save on it.
A significant part of the total amount of construction is spent on the construction of the foundation. Each individual developer strives to reduce these costs as much as possible.
And if, when calculating the width and depth of the base, we get the mandatory parameters that must be followed during construction work.
When constructing the above-ground part, you can use more affordable building materials and vary the height within certain limits.
It should be understood that it depends on the aerial part of the foundation base how much the structure will be influenced by external climatic influences: temperature fluctuations and humidity.
To resolve the issue related to its height, it is necessary to figure out why raise the base above the ground at all:
For example, consider how the parameters of the foundation are calculated during the construction of an individual house.
Practice shows that the ratio of the height of the elevated base to the width is 1:4.
The structure of the classic does not imply the presence of a base. As a rule, the height of the foundation above ground level does not exceed the underground part, but the reverse option is quite common.
If the soil at the construction site has standard characteristics, usually the height and depth are the same and do not exceed 0.5 m.
Both the foundation and base structure have four various surfaces- upper, lower, inner and outer. Each must have a completely even surface.
An uneven base in the future can lead to deformation of the entire building structure. How to remove irregularities and, if necessary, increase the height of the foundation?
Most often, the raising of the base is carried out using solid bricks. It is used to strengthen and build up the base part to the right sizes. Reinforced mesh is used to strengthen the masonry.
When binding brickwork use cement mortar. When constructing frame or wooden buildings solid brick is used to strengthen the base. Cinder block houses are reinforced with concrete.
The following methods are used to level the base:
For wooden structure having a sufficient foundation height is especially important. This will prevent the process of decay of the lower part of the structure.
For the manufacture of such a base, brick, concrete, metal or wood can be used. Must be carried out high-quality waterproofing using coating or roll materials.
When choosing optimal height basement, it is necessary to take into account the climatic features of the area in which the building site is located.
In standard situations, the level of the above-ground part should be 10 cm higher than the height of the snow cover.
The foundation must be protected from moisture not only from the bottom side, but also from the side. To do this, you can use ceramic tiles or clinker.
If the base of the house is located high enough, its heat-insulating properties will improve and the duration of operation will increase.
With a higher location of the foundation, the lower part of the building structure is better preserved. The optimum level above the ground is 0.4 m.
It should be remembered about the need for hydro- and thermal insulation work. This will protect the foundation from moisture and prevent the destruction of the reinforcing cage.
The video shows what height of the foundation above ground level is better to choose:
